back to indexE68: Trudeau invokes emergency powers, Bitcoin vs. government, Tiger Global's new strategy and more
Chapters
0:0 Sacks needs the ball
1:43 Trudeau invokes emergency powers to try and stop the truckers protest
13:45 Bitcoin's role in decentralizing currency away from potentially hostile governments
25:37 San Francisco Board of Education recall: what this means for the boundaries of progressivism
42:2 Assessing Tiger Global's new strategy: less late-stage private companies, more Series A and B rounds, more compressed public tech stocks
71:24 HIV stem cell breakthrough, Sacks gives some hot takes on Fauci
84:59 Sacks' vendetta corner: Sacks vs. Paul Graham
00:00:00.000 |
So, Sax, are we going to talk with each other today or, you know, or... 00:00:02.980 |
He's an ISO player. He turned into an ISO player. 00:00:08.700 |
Sax, you want to pass the ball or you just want to... 00:00:14.140 |
I think we should have a focus on having a dialogue with each other today. 00:00:16.740 |
Several points in the thing as opposed to all standing up, 00:00:20.480 |
Sax, we lost a little bit of the fiber of this team here. 00:00:22.840 |
There's three people playing as a team and then there's like... 00:00:24.940 |
Sax, I would love to ask you questions and I would love for you to ask me questions. 00:00:28.080 |
Pass the ball, J. Cal. You're the f***ing guard. 00:00:32.280 |
Remember what Sax used to say when he wasn't getting the ball? 00:00:35.880 |
He gets really unhappy. He said, pass the ball to the big dog. He'll score. 00:00:46.220 |
Make sure the big dog gets the ball. There won't be any problems. 00:01:02.300 |
We open source it to the fans and they've just gone crazy with it. 00:01:09.400 |
Hey, everybody. Welcome to the All In Podcast, where three besties talk about a range of topics and one monologues about Biden derangement syndrome. 00:01:19.760 |
We're with you again this week, the Sultan of Science and the dictator, Chamath Palihapitiya, David Friedberg. 00:01:27.760 |
ISO ball somewhere in the wing is your political commentator, Tucker Jr. 00:01:37.640 |
All right, you know, first story, which Sax is going to lose his mind over. 00:01:43.360 |
Justin Trudeau has invoked an emergency order to freeze bank accounts linked to trucker protests in Canada. 00:01:51.140 |
On Monday, Trudeau invoked an emergency law that requires financial institutions in Canada to examine... 00:01:57.240 |
Customer records and take action against people involved with or aiding in the protest. 00:02:04.660 |
If you're watching on the video streams, illegal blockades and occupations are not peaceful protests. 00:02:10.340 |
They're a threat to jobs and communities, and they cannot continue. 00:02:13.480 |
In the House of Commons earlier today, I joined members of the Parliament to speak about that and about the need to invoke the Emergencies Act. 00:02:21.560 |
The Counter Signal, which is a right leaning Canadian digital publication, reported that 34 different crypto wallets, 00:02:26.920 |
were also being targeted by Canadian officials. 00:02:30.200 |
This law grants the government extraordinary powers like the right to ban public assembly in certain locations. 00:02:37.680 |
The Canadian Civil Liberties Association said it planned to challenge the government's decision in court. 00:02:42.360 |
Remember, Sax wrote a piece on financial deplatforming for Barry Weiss's Common Sense about a year ago. 00:02:50.240 |
The piece was about the private sector financial platforms deplatforming folks. 00:02:56.400 |
You have 90 seconds on the uninterrupted clock. 00:03:02.800 |
Last summer, I wrote a piece for Barry Weiss's Substack talking about how financial deplatforming would be the next wave of online censorship. 00:03:13.800 |
What I could not have predicted is that it would occur in our mild manner neighbor to the north and that the reprisals would be directed by the government itself, 00:03:25.880 |
And what Trudeau has done is he didn't just employ the Emergency Act against the truckers so that he could basically arrest them and break up the protest. 00:03:36.880 |
They have now directed banks and any financial institution, even cryptocurrency wallets, to freeze the accounts, not just of the truckers, but anybody who's contributed to them. 00:03:47.880 |
Basically, anyone who's contributed $25 or more. 00:03:50.360 |
There were two crowdfunding sites that they raised money from. 00:03:55.360 |
There were thousands of of just ordinary Canadians who did nothing more than contribute to an anti government protest. 00:04:01.600 |
They are now at risk of financial ruin because their bank accounts have been frozen. 00:04:06.360 |
And you have to wonder what is the end here that justifies the means. 00:04:14.360 |
It's on its way out at the same time that Trudeau was announcing these dictatorial measures for the guy who runs Ontario, the largest province. 00:04:25.360 |
Ford was out there saying that he was going to that COVID mandates were going to be over. 00:04:39.360 |
If there were people online making donations to the criminals who loot and kill people in San Francisco, which you've railed against being criminals who are breaking the law and should all be put behind bars. 00:04:50.360 |
Do you think that it would be appropriate in that context for the government to block their donations? 00:04:54.360 |
If they were to block their donations to supporting criminal activity in a criminal ring, you know, that I think we all agree, you know, shouldn't be transpiring. 00:05:04.360 |
Well, but the implication there is that truckers are using violence or something like that. 00:05:10.360 |
I mean, it's been it's been largely a peaceful protest. 00:05:15.360 |
But isn't the case being made that they are actually breaking the law by blocking streets? 00:05:19.360 |
And that's not, you know, there's a peaceful protest where you can go and get a permit and actually go in a public zone. 00:05:23.360 |
And peacefully protest within the confines of the law and what's allowed in that jurisdiction. 00:05:29.360 |
But what these folks are doing is civil disobedience, which is not a peaceful protest. 00:05:33.360 |
It is, you know, kind of breaking the law to make a point. 00:05:36.360 |
It is peaceful because there's been no violence. 00:05:41.360 |
Well, let me let me ask the question for Freeburg then, Sax. 00:05:45.360 |
If a group of truckers were shutting down the Bay Bridge with three lanes of traffic and then shut down the two lanes of the Bay Bridge, would that be a peaceful protest? 00:05:52.360 |
If they shut down the 280 and the 101 and it impacted this, if they in fact are shutting down roads... 00:05:58.360 |
And picked up our families and our businesses and our emergency travel... 00:06:01.360 |
And ambulances can't get through, would you want them to be towed? 00:06:08.360 |
The Ambassador Bridge, this vital choke point of commerce between the US and Canada, that was blocked and that was creating a serious problem. 00:06:14.360 |
But it had already been cleared on Monday by the time that Trudeau invoked the Emergencies Act. 00:06:23.360 |
If they block roads and bridges, would you, if you were in charge... 00:06:28.360 |
Yeah, if they're breaking the law in that way, it's not just one lane, it's all three lanes. 00:06:33.360 |
I'm just trying to understand the standard here because just zooming out to last year and the year before, right? 00:06:39.360 |
There was a protest happening with BLM and those BLM protests resulted in damage to private property, to burning cars. 00:06:50.360 |
There were protests at the Capitol that involved folks trespassing into federal land and federal buildings. 00:06:56.360 |
And now there's protests that are blocking vital trade routes and access to emergency vehicles and all this sort of stuff. 00:07:04.360 |
To me, and also people in San Francisco breaking the law and not being put in jail, my personal opinion is anyone that's breaking the law, we should stop them from breaking the law. 00:07:13.360 |
And anyone that wants to follow a peaceful protest or make a point should make the point. 00:15:23.360 |
Again, going back to the Rene Girard sort of philosophical discussion from last week, 00:15:28.460 |
one of the things about, you know, the stoning rituals, right, that Sacks talked about, that 00:15:34.300 |
we talked about last week, one of the things that Rene Girard talks about is, it is always 00:15:43.420 |
The first person that throws the stone, right, that's how Jesus was able to defuse that, 00:15:47.900 |
that incident as described in the book of John. 00:15:50.040 |
But in a different example, the first person that throws a stone, all of a sudden, it's 00:15:53.360 |
all of a sudden normalizes it for everybody else after them. 00:15:55.960 |
And then the stonings become commonplace or became commonplace. 00:15:59.480 |
So similarly, it's like, if you're a sitting democratic person who just decides this doesn't 00:16:07.500 |
And and basically remove everybody's democratic rights. 00:16:12.000 |
So actually, I had a closing point you want to make? 00:16:14.860 |
Well, okay, just on this point about Bitcoin, the reason why Bitcoin is necessary is because 00:16:20.120 |
the tactics that Trudeau is using is essentially to starve these truckloads of people. 00:16:24.340 |
He's basically making it hard for you to get a job. 00:16:25.340 |
He's basically making it hard for you to get a job to not only basically arrest them, and 00:16:27.300 |
but he's also taking away their insurance licenses. 00:16:30.060 |
He's basically preventing them from ever working again. 00:16:32.520 |
He's talked about that we're going to put give you a criminal record, it's gonna make 00:16:36.460 |
And then most importantly, on top of that, he's preventing anyone from helping them by 00:16:46.240 |
And that's the reason why Bitcoin is potentially helpful is it allows people using non custodial 00:16:53.320 |
And donate and help these these people who are being persecuted, essentially, 00:16:57.820 |
I mean, he could have just simply chosen to do what Sachs his favorite President Obama 00:17:02.940 |
did with Occupy Wall Street, which is say, Great, you have something you want to voice. 00:17:10.780 |
But we let How long did Occupy Wall Street last in downtown Wall Street and in Oakland 00:17:15.880 |
and other places like a year or two, and you just wait them out. 00:17:20.160 |
I think when you encounter a sincere protest movement, the first thing you should do as 00:17:23.300 |
a leader is actually listen and try to understand what it is that they're protesting on behalf 00:17:31.360 |
And I think part of the reason why I mean, Jake, how you asked, why? 00:17:34.700 |
Why is it that, that, you know, there seems to be a common denominator with this and with 00:17:39.980 |
the Ukraine issue that the leaders are immediately escalating these situations instead of looking 00:17:44.500 |
for a way to de escalated and they're doing it with the media egging them on. 00:17:49.560 |
And so as as harsh as Trudeau's rhetoric has been, the media's rhetoric has been, you know, 00:17:53.280 |
the rhetoric around this has been even worse. 00:17:55.280 |
You have this CNN contributor, Juliette Kayyem, who's also a Harvard professor, who basically 00:18:00.720 |
tweeted that Trudeau needed to slash their tires, empty the gas tanks, arrest the drivers, 00:18:08.020 |
you know, making it unclear how you never get the trucks off the bridge. 00:18:10.740 |
But then she said, cancel their insurance, suspend their driver's license, prohibit any 00:18:17.540 |
She says, trust me, I will not run out of ways to make this hurt. 00:18:25.960 |
They're doing the same thing beating the drums of war in Ukraine. 00:18:32.940 |
I think the biggest the biggest story is this, this Bitcoin thing, because, you know, if 00:18:39.020 |
you guys think about like, pre 1960s, like capital wasn't digitized, it was like physical, 00:18:45.520 |
like you had to own like a stock certificate or cash or gold, or a bearer bond. 00:18:53.240 |
Like there's a digital record of you know, who owns what stock and who how much is in 00:18:56.920 |
your bank account, and none of it is tied to you're having a physical asset. 00:19:01.460 |
And ultimately, the law was able to reach into these digital systems and have greater 00:19:07.600 |
oversight and ultimately control, you know, over accounts and so on. 00:19:11.800 |
And it's had a, you know, the digitization of capital assets has had an incredible ability 00:19:16.360 |
to drive economic growth and investment and ease of transaction. 00:19:19.840 |
But it's also significantly increased the centralization of assets. 00:19:23.220 |
So the central influence over assets, Bitcoin seems to be the resolution to that. 00:19:29.020 |
And now you're seeing the ultimate challenge to Bitcoin and the challenge to decentralized 00:19:34.140 |
systems like Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies and so on. 00:19:36.320 |
I don't want to speak specifically to anyone. 00:19:38.960 |
But there seems to be like this trend line over the last 60 years that's now being challenged, 00:19:44.020 |
because you can have your accounts frozen any moment, you know, for breaking the law 00:19:48.340 |
or because emergency acts are are induced, and I think you're right, it's probably going 00:19:53.200 |
interest in these kind of off government chain if Trey's 00:19:57.180 |
separate, anybody can do it. They're doing it in China, 00:20:01.420 |
right? And they're, that's the point of it. Digital yuan is 00:20:05.920 |
like this incredible whole point. It's like absolute 00:20:08.860 |
centralization of every capital asset. Here's where you get 00:20:11.740 |
scary. Think of how dangerous the digital yuan is the minute 00:20:14.480 |
you say something that Xi Jinping doesn't like it's a it's 00:20:17.440 |
a stroke of a keyboard key. And all your assets are all your 00:20:20.560 |
assets are locked away. It's a database entry and you just 00:20:23.320 |
basically reroute who belong who belongs to or it could be it 00:20:26.560 |
could happen in America. They say you know what California 00:20:28.420 |
now wants to have a wealth tax. Anybody who's got money, we're 00:20:31.480 |
just going to take your money out automatically. You guys 00:20:34.240 |
think we sound like a right wing politics show at this point? 00:20:36.700 |
This isn't a right wing politics thing. I mean, I think 00:20:40.120 |
I think that we have so jumped the shark. There are things that 00:20:42.160 |
are happening today every day that you know, if you had said 00:20:45.760 |
in isolation two or three years ago, would any of these things 00:20:48.460 |
ever happen? We all would have just said, Oh, we're going to 00:20:50.460 |
just looked at each other and said, it's impossible that these 00:20:52.920 |
things could happen. But the problem is, fast forward two 00:20:56.040 |
years of a pandemic, I think we have led a lot of our civil 00:20:59.400 |
liberties decay right under our nose. And we're not willing to 00:21:03.280 |
fight for it because it's become too tribal and rights have been 00:21:07.060 |
politicized. So the idea of having rights, you know, and 00:21:10.480 |
then standing up for your rights, all of a sudden has to 00:21:13.080 |
be a decision between whether you're left or right. That's 00:21:16.680 |
I don't think that liberties in the sense of government oversight 00:21:20.360 |
Because in addition to that, liberties in the sense of a 00:21:25.660 |
social setting have decayed. You know, we've because of 00:21:28.300 |
cancel culture, we've normalized the ability to silence minority 00:21:32.980 |
or dissenting voices. And this is both in the private enterprise 00:21:36.520 |
setting as well as in the public setting. And it's, you know, I 00:21:41.640 |
don't know, I don't consider myself a right wing conservative 00:21:44.540 |
person by any stretch. But I do consider myself a person who 00:21:50.260 |
That's called an American, by the way. Yeah, it's basically 00:21:53.020 |
being an American. And I think, you know, as we move on to this 00:21:56.020 |
recall in San Francisco, I think, Sachs made a really good 00:21:59.500 |
point. Like, what are our political leaders doing here? 00:22:01.960 |
Are they trying to stir the pot and antagonize these situations? 00:22:04.880 |
If you look, you know, Clinton, Obama, a lot of people 00:22:08.680 |
previously were trying to defuse these situations. And then Biden 00:22:12.060 |
seems to be stirring the pot, Justin Trudeau. And then if you 00:22:15.280 |
look at Trump with BLM, you know, and the immigration stuff, 00:22:18.260 |
he never sat down and met with him. And he, you know, he's a 00:22:20.160 |
very, very good leader. And he arguably antagonize them. So I 00:22:22.980 |
think this is a perfect segue into what happened. And, you 00:22:27.160 |
know, so we should expect a little more from our political 00:22:30.480 |
you just brought up something incredible. You know, Trump 00:22:32.860 |
railed against these BLM folks. But at no point did he try to 00:22:36.000 |
shut down their bank accounts and take their money away? No. 00:22:38.400 |
And Trudeau can't, you know, this was not even near in the 00:22:43.560 |
Yeah, who's the bigger authoritarian? Yeah, I mean, 00:22:45.420 |
it's clearly if you objectively it's true down in this 00:22:50.060 |
about in previous pods tends to come from the left. At least the 00:22:53.840 |
right you see it coming. I just want to read it's veiled under 00:22:56.440 |
moral virtue signaling. That's right. They're very 00:22:58.440 |
sanctimonious. They claim they claim to be the defenders of the 00:23:02.080 |
working class, while they're actually prosecuting them. 00:23:05.780 |
Such an unforced error, like, so dumb. He's gonna lose right 00:23:11.200 |
if a DA was elected and a police office and police chief were 00:23:14.240 |
elected to San Francisco, that said we are going to freeze the 00:23:19.960 |
you know, demobilize the criminals that are ransacking 00:23:23.980 |
our city, our people, our stores, would you support that? 00:23:27.640 |
No, not if it's an office, an extrajudicial use of power. I 00:23:32.860 |
mean, the law specifies what you're allowed to do. 00:23:34.860 |
Giving San Francisco's in an emergency situation. I mean, 00:23:37.480 |
would you support the mayor taking on emergency authority to 00:23:40.900 |
go and fix the problem, which she just did, by the way, in a 00:23:43.480 |
Yeah, but that doesn't give her the power to go to Wells Fargo 00:23:47.680 |
and say to Wells Fargo, we want you to freeze all these 00:23:49.860 |
accounts with no due process of law. That's basically what 00:23:54.780 |
That's the overreach. That's the line you think is like, go and 00:23:57.220 |
see that you should have to go through a court proceeding to 00:24:00.140 |
freeze someone's bank account, period. Can't just freeze 00:24:04.260 |
The law allows you to do this now. It's called RICO. So you 00:24:07.740 |
follow the due process of the law. And you can do all those 00:24:11.040 |
things freeberg that that you just mentioned, if you want to 00:24:13.680 |
freeze somebody's bank account, right, you can actually do that. 00:24:16.680 |
The government has the ability to do that they don't need to 00:24:19.760 |
This basically get out of jail free card to do whatever you 00:24:24.080 |
And to your mother's point earlier, have you exhausted the 00:24:28.380 |
They're not arresting the regular law haven't even tried 00:24:31.640 |
is you can buy Fenton off for five bucks on you know, the 00:24:36.140 |
And meanwhile, the all the provinces are ending COVID 00:24:38.420 |
mandates anyway. So this whole issue is moot. 00:24:40.640 |
So dumb. It's this is like the stupidest behavior at the end of 00:24:44.440 |
a pandemic that we've ever seen. And shout out to George Lucas 00:24:49.660 |
at the theme of Star Wars, it was like, Oh, I just need 00:24:52.240 |
emergency powers for a minute because of a trade federation 00:24:58.420 |
Yeah, that wasn't George Lucas, by the way. I mean, that goes 00:25:00.520 |
back to the Roman Empire, right? Like, yeah, yeah, that was the 00:25:05.680 |
formation of the Caesar got Caesar got emergency authority. 00:25:08.660 |
I mean, this is a tried and true and the poll the poll. Right. 00:25:12.180 |
And the polls show that the most of the public in Canada is 00:25:15.040 |
applauding. So what was the line from democracy dies to applause? 00:25:19.560 |
That's exactly that was Padme's line in the Star Wars films. 00:25:22.500 |
All right. They're aging. Well, the prequels, three members of 00:25:25.680 |
San Francisco's Board of Education were they were the 00:25:27.720 |
worst just to be clear, but go on. Not compared to the three, 00:25:31.980 |
just huge dumps that Disney took on the our childhoods with the 00:25:35.940 |
sequels. Three members of the San Francisco Board of Education 00:25:38.880 |
were called this week. Massively they lost by between 72% and 00:25:49.460 |
maniacs who wanted to change the names of all the schools wouldn't reopen the schools, yada, yada, 00:25:54.320 |
and this really frustrated and they wanted to get rid of elite AP classes. All of this. 00:26:01.100 |
Jason, they did. They did. Yeah. And these three board members are out. So London breed. 00:26:07.240 |
Jason, Jason, just to be clear, in the middle of a pandemic, I think my understanding is that 00:26:11.960 |
instead of figuring out how to get these kids back in class, how to figure out how they could 00:26:16.800 |
take off their masks, they wanted to drop Abraham Lincoln and George Washington's name from schools 00:26:22.260 |
because it was it was too regressive. Yep. They cancelled the gifted program because it made other 00:26:27.800 |
kids feel bad. And a gentleman that wanted to serve on a committee who I think was gay, but not 00:26:34.280 |
minority was excluded because he wasn't a minority. Enough for them. So these are the three 00:26:42.440 |
people that 76% of San Francisco citizens or, you know, 00:26:46.780 |
residents just recalled. And if you're not following this, the tech industry had a major 00:26:51.980 |
part in this in terms of backing it, there was a lot of claims, which I'll let Saks address in a 00:26:56.220 |
moment, that this was a republican driven out of state movement. But if you look, there are not 100,000 00:27:04.000 |
Republicans in San Francisco, in all likelihood, this was actually parents in a lot of cases based 00:27:10.120 |
on the geography of San Francisco and the density of certain populations. A lot of Asian Americans 00:27:16.760 |
neighborhoods 90% were voting to oust these people. Gary Tan, who is a product of the San Francisco public education system and a great 00:27:25.280 |
entrepreneur venture capitalist was a leader in this movement. So congratulations to him. And this all is going to culminate I think in May or June Saks will correct me with the recall effort for Chesa Boudin, this killer DA who won't prosecute anybody. Saks, what are your thoughts on this victory? And full disclosure, you were a major donor to this. 00:27:44.560 |
Saks Wadham: I was the second largest donor. And I was the 00:27:46.440 |
largest donor under age 90. Arthur Rock was the biggest donor. What a badass, by the way, the guy's 95 years old, he donated $4,000 to this recall. He was 00:27:56.220 |
in fairness, you live in San Francisco. This is a backdoor issue for you. You care. 00:28:00.240 |
Oh, yeah. Yeah. Look, I think crime in schools are the key quality of life issues in any community and that transcends partisan boundaries. If your kids cannot get a quality education, and you cannot be safe in your community, nothing else matters. And that matters to Democrats just as much as 00:28:16.120 |
as republicans and that's why like you said three quarters of san francisco voted for this recall 00:28:21.080 |
even though 85 percent of them voted for biden it's not it's basically a 90 democrat city so 00:28:26.120 |
uh you know all these claims that was a republican recall turned out to be nonsense this was 00:28:30.920 |
something that was broadly supported and um and you know look it's the same reason that youngkin 00:28:36.760 |
flipped a you know plus 10 democrat state in virginia which is that you know it had a lot 00:28:44.040 |
to do with school closures they kept the schools closed for a year and a half uh and then when 00:28:49.000 |
they were supposed to have conversation a pta meeting about reopening it like jamaa spent 00:28:54.040 |
said they spent five hours debating whether to allow this beloved gay parent onto a voluntary 00:28:59.640 |
school board they didn't they spent all their time you know talking about changing the names 00:29:03.640 |
of the schools instead of how to reopen them they also there's chronic mismanagement i mean 00:29:07.640 |
the school is something like 125 million dollars in debt despite you know being in a very rich city 00:29:13.320 |
they opened for a while and then they closed for a while and then they closed for a while and then they 00:29:13.960 |
closed for one day that's right just so that they could get a state uh piece of the state budget pie 00:29:18.520 |
so these kids clamored back to school just so that they could technically say yeah we were open 00:29:24.120 |
and to get i think it was a 12 or 13 million dollar check and then they shut the schools down 00:29:28.200 |
again right and you brought a key point jason which is that the asian-american community in 00:29:32.520 |
san francisco has been absolutely galvanized by this issue because this school board also 00:29:37.000 |
you know lowell high school is one of the best schools in the city and it was merit based 00:29:40.440 |
and it had great advanced math programs and this this board 00:29:43.880 |
basically got rid of all of that stuff and it infuriated the asian-american community 00:29:48.600 |
many of whose most prominent members have basically risen out of poverty because 00:29:53.560 |
of the education they got at lowell and so this war on merit that's happening 00:29:58.200 |
is something that is going to you know flip the you know asian uh american community i think 00:30:05.560 |
to when i when i was growing up i grew up in a french ghetto of ottawa and i was supposed 00:30:13.800 |
to go to a local high school that was just plainly trash and i was able to go to an equivalent of lowell 00:30:21.880 |
this a public magnet high school that had uh advanced classes and everything a gifted program 00:30:28.760 |
and it really did change my life and so i really understand what people are saying which is 00:30:35.240 |
like when you're in poverty the only way out is through an education 00:30:39.800 |
really you may you know get accidentally lucky but the only really particular 00:30:43.720 |
predictable sustainable pattern here is is through school and so when you deprive 00:30:48.120 |
folks from being able to get a decent education and there's no real you know orderly logic to it 00:30:54.760 |
it's a really ridiculous kind of an idea the other thing is i think that this speaks very powerfully 00:31:00.440 |
as sac said as a non as a bipartisan issue that these democrats have to get right because 00:31:06.760 |
you know you saw this also in virginia where democrats basically went down this 00:31:13.640 |
one tack and you know the republican candidate glenn yunkin basically said hey listen the schools 00:31:19.400 |
are broken it completely doesn't make any sense we oppose a lot of what's going on the watering 00:31:24.360 |
down and the critical race theory etc etc and he put it to a vote and a lot of people crossed the 00:31:29.240 |
aisle there as well where typically ardent democrats basically voted for this republican 00:31:33.880 |
governor i think the point is that there are just several issues that are just so 00:31:39.320 |
transcendent like they're just they transcend all party lines and this is an 00:31:43.560 |
anchor issue that we have to get right friedberg any thoughts on this do you think this is the start 00:31:49.000 |
of maybe a turnaround for san francisco because chesa boone is way more hated and safety is an 00:31:56.840 |
even bigger issue i think for a lot of people right now in san francisco and it dovetails with 00:32:02.200 |
asian hate and the number of asian people targeted in crimes so he's gotta i mean if these people got 00:32:08.280 |
out by 75 on average he's gonna be out by 95 is this a tipping point is san francisco gonna 00:32:13.480 |
make a read i don't know i mean look i think there's generally a broader 00:32:16.520 |
trend and momentum around what we classify as wokeism which i think is a little bit disparaging 00:32:25.800 |
to the intention of social justice and recognizing the the primary points of social justice 00:32:33.480 |
through action and behavior um in civic discourse and government behavior um and you know this like 00:32:41.080 |
the um election of san francisco and the number of asian people targeted in crimes is a tipping point 00:32:43.400 |
several DAs around the country, who take a different stance to prosecution of crime to 00:32:49.560 |
try and create better options for rehab and so on, I think is not a movement that's going to go away 00:32:55.640 |
overnight. I think there's certainly a hefty amount of resistance. But what we're really 00:33:00.800 |
doing right now is I think we're learning and realizing the boundaries of this movement and 00:33:06.400 |
of this moment. The one boundary that I think San Franciscans are too bad in San Francisco, 00:33:11.180 |
like, you know, as in the case in tech has always been so progressive in terms of, you know, 00:33:16.520 |
doing these things faster than anyone else. But what we're realizing in San Francisco is 00:33:20.940 |
non prosecution of criminals, as the DA has undertaken over the past couple of years leads 00:33:26.180 |
to really heinous crime and rampant crime. And, and this kind of social justice movement within 00:33:33.700 |
the education system causes a decline in the value of our education system. Those are two 00:33:38.480 |
really important learnings that San Francisco has had. And I think that's a really important learning 00:33:39.500 |
that San Francisco has had. And I think that's a really important learning that San Francisco has 00:33:40.980 |
had. And I think that's a really important learning that San Francisco has had. And I think that's 00:33:41.160 |
a really important learning that San Francisco has had over the past couple of years, with this very 00:33:43.380 |
important and momentous kind of social justice movement. But it doesn't mean that the movement 00:33:49.400 |
is over. It doesn't mean that quote unquote, woke ism is over. It means that that social justice 00:33:53.700 |
intent is still there. But we're realizing where the boundaries are and how far things can and 00:33:57.760 |
maybe should go. I posted this article, Tyler Collin, who's a pretty well known economist, 00:34:03.240 |
he wrote this op ed for Bloomberg. And what he said is that woke ism has peaked. And there's just 00:34:10.040 |
these two passages. And I think that's a really important lesson for us to learn. And I think that's 00:34:11.140 |
a really important lesson for us to learn. And I think that's a really important lesson for us to learn. And 00:34:11.160 |
I think that's a really important lesson for us to learn. And I think that's a really important lesson 00:34:11.160 |
for us to learn. And I think that's a really important lesson for us to learn. And I think that's 00:34:11.160 |
a really important lesson for us to learn. And I think that's a really important lesson for us to learn. 00:34:11.180 |
that builds on what Friedberg said. Quote, by woke ism, I refer to a movement that on the positive 00:34:17.240 |
side is highly aware of racism and social injustice, and is galvanized towards raising 00:34:22.120 |
awareness on the negative side, it can be preachy, alienating, overly concerned with symbols and 00:34:28.120 |
self righteous, unquote. And I think that that probably does summarize sort of like where it 00:34:33.380 |
starts, which is, I think, rooted in a very good place. But unfortunately, all too often where it 00:34:38.080 |
ends, which is that sort of moral absolutist judgment, cancel culture around it. And then the 00:34:45.380 |
second quote, that he said was the following, he said, quote, woke ism is likely to evolve into a 00:34:50.780 |
subculture that is highly educated, highly white, and fairly feminine. That is still a large mass 00:34:57.640 |
of people, but not enough to run the country or all its major institutions. In the San Francisco 00:35:02.520 |
school board recall, for instance, the role of Asian Americans was especially prominent, unquote. 00:35:08.060 |
So I don't know, I just think that all these things sort of people are looking for affiliation, 00:35:14.700 |
and you start with labels that bring you in, and then you have to sort out 00:35:18.360 |
are all these labels really true? And how true are they? And I think we're in this moment now, 00:35:23.780 |
where now that we know the mechanism of action of woke ism, I just don't think it works anymore. 00:35:28.060 |
And I think a lot of people will say, I believe in the high order of deals of racial and social 00:35:32.160 |
justice, but I don't believe in the mechanism of action. And so the pendulum swung too far. 00:35:36.240 |
But but but but the question is, how do we do that? 00:35:38.040 |
And I think that's the core intent of a generation of change is underway, 00:35:40.540 |
which is social justice and climate change. I think those are the two big 00:35:44.100 |
points of concern be done with this cohort under this. 00:35:47.700 |
Well, it will be done to this extreme this fast, right. And, and I think that the pendulum went 00:35:52.380 |
too fast, too far. And it's and there are boundary effects that are causing recourse right now. And 00:35:59.220 |
we're seeing this across the country, especially in New York with the election of the mayor and San 00:36:03.340 |
Francisco, the DA recalls happening in the next couple of months. So, Zach, what's your prediction 00:36:08.020 |
By the way, well, that's 95%. But I mean, just to build on your point, they were talking about 10% 00:36:13.460 |
of the people in the United States who are involved in this, you know, retweeting and virtual 00:36:18.100 |
signaling and, you know, is Twitter a real place? Well, no, a city is a real place, people have to 00:36:22.740 |
live in San Francisco. And when these ideologies result in unlivable conditions for people, well, 00:36:29.300 |
they're going to say, you know what, there's reality here. How do we get competent people 00:36:33.700 |
to take the positions sacks that are being vacated now? 00:36:38.000 |
Who should London breed put in these three positions? And maybe tech people need to say, I mean, this is what I think has to happen. I think some number of tech people have to get off the bench and say, you know what, I'm going to do a tour of duty as politicians in San Francisco, to take back the city, what should happen here in terms of who takes these positions because Republicans can't win in San Francisco. So you're gonna need moderate Democrats, right? 00:37:00.560 |
Before sacks goes, can I just say something? Because I think I just want to say something that's 00:37:04.160 |
really important sacks. I'm sorry to jump in. But Jake, how I think the point you're making about 00:37:08.960 |
the tech people implies the tech people are effective and good at doing this. 00:37:13.040 |
But that's not necessarily the fabric of San Francisco. I've lived in San Francisco since 2001. 00:37:18.320 |
The number of people in San Francisco in 2001, that were in the tech industry was a minority. 00:37:22.400 |
Since that time, it became a significant size. And over the last two years, since the pandemic, 00:37:26.640 |
it's decreased significantly. But San Francisco is a city with decades and generations of 00:37:30.540 |
history. My wife's family is multi generational San Franciscans. And I don't think that 00:37:35.440 |
traditionally San Franciscans view tech people as the right people to solve these problems for them, 00:37:41.400 |
that the intention of that city is not necessarily about let's get tech people to solve our problems. 00:37:45.720 |
They have a different set of values, perhaps. And so we often overstate and assume that tech 00:37:50.800 |
people are the right people and are the problem solvers. But I don't think that that's necessarily 00:37:55.920 |
the right problems that people want to solve. So I just I just wanted to interview. 00:37:58.720 |
Who should take these positions? Because right, 00:38:00.520 |
people that are really far left people are motivated to take these positions. I don't see 00:38:06.500 |
business people writ large across all political, you know, positions, but specifically San Francisco 00:38:11.300 |
don't want to take these positions. So is this just going to be replayed? 00:38:14.500 |
Sacks, the recall effort was led by two parents, autumn illusion and Siva Raj, they're the ones who 00:38:19.860 |
led this thing. They're the ones who rose up to basically oppose these crazy school board members. 00:38:25.220 |
And that is who London Breach to talk to. I mean, she needs to go talk to the people who are 00:38:29.820 |
successful. And she's going to be the one who's going to be the one who's going to be the one who 00:38:30.500 |
in organizing this recall because they understand the issues, obviously, and the people are with 00:38:35.460 |
them. So either appoint them to the board or ask them for their recommendations. And I think what 00:38:40.360 |
you see consistently, whether it's with this SF school board or the school boards that we saw 00:38:47.440 |
in Virginia that Youngkin very effectively ran against, is that they don't believe the parents 00:38:52.160 |
matter. Terry McColl is fatal. His last gap was basically saying that the parents shouldn't get 00:38:58.140 |
to decide what is taught in the schools. He basically said the quiet part out loud. But that 00:39:02.500 |
is what still across the country, the teachers unions believe, and most of the Democratic Party, 00:39:07.700 |
the activists believe, and until they start losing elections, you're not going to see a change in that 00:39:12.640 |
belief. Oh my god, how awesome would it be if SACs were on the school board? Oh my god. Yeah. And 00:39:19.640 |
just to put a pin in this, and the cherry on top, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted 00:39:26.060 |
seven to four to send a report to the school board. And they didn't get to vote. They didn't get to vote. 00:39:28.120 |
recall reform bill so their reaction to all of this is to do a recall of recalls and say now you 00:39:36.360 |
uh can't recall somebody in their first year and the people who are placed in these positions can't 00:39:40.520 |
run again so now the speculation is that three people who got voted off are gonna run again so 00:39:45.640 |
there's a lot more to come on this yeah and also so they're putting just at that they're putting 00:39:50.440 |
that on the ballot on june 7th the same day that we vote on the recall of jason budi and the border 00:39:55.320 |
supervisor's now put in this measure that would make it far harder to recall people one of the 00:39:59.960 |
provisions of that is whoever london breed appoints as the successor like you're talking about 00:40:05.400 |
they cannot run after that so it is designed to for no that makes no sense they're basically 00:40:11.880 |
trying to do a great job right exactly it makes no sense so you have the board of supervisors 00:40:16.840 |
trying to throw a wrench into the democratic process meanwhile these are people who claim 00:40:21.240 |
to be preserving democracy saving democracy they are trying to throw a wrench 00:40:25.240 |
in the thing is underlying it david is they think they know better that's what it fundamentally 00:40:31.320 |
comes down to they are willing to have democracy up to a point and when that point is an unacceptable 00:40:37.000 |
view by somebody else they feel like they know better and they're willing to be really draconian 00:40:42.040 |
in whatever they do to decide yeah and shout out to mike bloomberg i'll pull up the the tweet for 00:40:48.360 |
everybody he hasn't been very vocal or been on the stage much but obviously he did a great job 00:40:53.480 |
in new york on reforming schools the san francisco school board recall should be a wake-up call to 00:41:00.040 |
elected officials especially democrats across the nation parents are fed up with the status quo 00:41:04.520 |
and that put adults uh that puts adults ahead of kids yeah an ideology ahead of results well said 00:41:10.840 |
mike yeah well said mr bloomberg yes that was very good and bloomberg has been very good on calling 00:41:16.280 |
out the democrat their democratic party's blind loyalty to the teachers unions and until they're 00:41:21.960 |
willing to break with the teachers unions they're going to be able to do a great job of calling out 00:41:23.420 |
the democrats they're going to be able to do a great job of calling out the democrats they're going to 00:41:23.440 |
teachers unions who are their biggest donor we're not going to get any real progress on school reform 00:41:28.440 |
and this is the issue my favorite political commentator one of them is roy toshira who's 00:41:32.440 |
a democrat who wrote the emerging democratic majority he wrote a blog post talking about how 00:41:37.400 |
the asian how asian american voters are going to swing away from the democratic party because of 00:41:42.280 |
issues like this because of the decline of standards in school and safety and and the asian 00:41:47.640 |
american community i think is galvanized on this chase budin issue because they have seen in all 00:41:52.200 |
these cases of asian american voters are going to swing away from the democratic party because of 00:41:53.400 |
the asian how asian american voters are going to swing away from the democratic party because of 00:41:53.440 |
asian asian hate where elders in their community have been violently assaulted chase abudin has done 00:41:58.600 |
nothing except release the perpetrators bonkers all right well listen this is it seems like a good 00:42:03.240 |
turning point let's um we talked about on this podcast over and over again about the compression 00:42:08.640 |
in sas multiples in the public market valuations uh something that we're still working through in 00:42:14.880 |
the stock market uh which has been choppy at best over the last couple of months an information story 00:42:20.040 |
came out just this week major crossover funds like tiger and d1 are going to be in the stock market 00:42:23.360 |
and d1 are slowing down their investments in late-stage private companies and i was talking to 00:42:27.520 |
some folks who said the multiple compression is here now they're not doing the deals at 75 or 100x 00:42:33.840 |
revenue this was reported in an article by the information tiger global told their lps in a 00:42:39.280 |
webinar earlier this month that it would no longer focus on backing late-stage startups preparing to 00:42:45.200 |
go public instead they will focus on two things going even earlier into series a and series b 00:42:50.240 |
rounds and buying shares of public tech companies and buying shares of public tech companies and 00:42:53.320 |
that have sunk in value compared to the all-time highs uh obviously we know twillow zoom block 00:42:58.800 |
all down over 60 from their one year highs i could get into more details here but let's stop for a 00:43:04.000 |
second and chamath what are your thoughts in uh the dot-com bubble it took somewhere between three 00:43:10.400 |
to five years for most stocks to bottom and they bottomed i think peak to trough somewhere you know 00:43:17.360 |
towards eighty percent of where they were in two thousand right so it took three to five years 00:43:23.280 |
to go basically minus eighty percent we did that in three months you know maybe four months 00:43:29.800 |
and so uh the markets have become a lot more efficient over time so now that we have that reset 00:43:37.800 |
it's pretty natural that there's going to be a very quick reset on the private market side and 00:43:43.240 |
you know you have to go where the bodies are buried and what i mean by that in this case is 00:43:47.640 |
the overwhelming misvaluation of late-stage private companies 00:43:53.240 |
and so these folks don't have much of a choice they have a lot of money that they've raised 00:43:58.480 |
before all of this happened they have a huge portfolio of stuff that they've marked up or have 00:44:04.880 |
been marked up by others and they don't want to go through the pain now of resetting so part of the 00:44:11.680 |
easy strategic decision there is to say you know what we know this is a little bit radioactive but 00:44:17.840 |
instead of really figuring out what the mark on these companies are we'll go to a different sort of 00:44:23.200 |
part of the um playground and play there because we don't have to go and deal with these issues and 00:44:29.960 |
you know we can do 10 15 20 million dollar checks into early stage businesses pretty normal reaction 00:44:35.720 |
strategically but i think the reality is that at some point in the next year or two these other 00:44:41.400 |
companies have to get public the hope is that the market catches back up so that you can defend the 00:44:46.680 |
last valuation and that's the that's the way that this stuff doesn't require a lot of pain the problem 00:44:53.160 |
is if you're high burn and you are counting on yet another successive round or you're at a point in 00:44:59.600 |
your life cycle where you need to go public in the next two years if you go public you will get taken 00:45:04.480 |
to the woodshed take you to the woodshed being your valuation might be half of what it is in your 00:45:09.120 |
last round so there's going to be medicine that has to be taken sacks there'll be medicine some 00:45:13.280 |
people are going to have to take some medicine sacks what's your best advice being one of the 00:45:16.400 |
great operators in the history of silicon valley as a ceo of paypal thanks well i'm gonna put you up there 00:45:23.120 |
with sure i mean i think this i think everybody agreed the top four people can correct me here 00:45:27.480 |
tim that's a good operator i mean i i saw what you did to icq man you were riding that that bad 00:45:34.120 |
boy down that wasn't delivered a billion users to a company okay it's pretty decent um you did 00:45:39.720 |
pretty good at facebook i'll say that but if i would think most people would say sax cheryl tim 00:45:44.680 |
cook keith raboi we'll put that aside for the debate in terms of operating throw a little dark 00:45:49.960 |
spicy barbecue pork here come on give me give me i'll put you in the top 25 00:45:53.080 |
chamath sure okay but i mean it wasn't your it wasn't your chosen career a little dark meat a 00:45:57.920 |
little dark meat nice jake please don't get me in trouble man don't bring me into your dark meat bro 00:46:02.800 |
your orbit i'm stepping back wait jake who are your top four cheryl i put my top four in this order 00:46:09.120 |
i'll give it an order so basically for white people when uh basically asian and indian ceos run most 00:46:16.720 |
of the tech companies i'm talking about number two ceos not ceos just for the ceo position to be clear 00:46:23.040 |
i'm talking ceo i'm talking ceo i would say tim cook when he was steve jobs that's my number one 00:46:28.600 |
operator last 23 years number two i put cheryl sandberg who did obviously amazing things for 00:46:33.880 |
google and then facebook right those two would be my top two and then i tie my top two sax uh as uh 00:46:41.080 |
paypal uh and zenefits even though it didn't work out it was still a great run at the time and then 00:46:46.280 |
i put keith raboi square uh and a couple of other companies he did those are my top four anybody else 00:46:52.600 |
want to come in and talk about the top four companies that you've been working with for 00:46:53.000 |
a long time let me go ahead i don't have complete data set on ceos where would you put sax you did i 00:46:58.240 |
put you i didn't disagree who might have disappeared oh and wasn't keith linkedin 00:47:04.400 |
it really you are jay cal lately that's a love fest now yeah okay there we go there we go they're 00:47:11.440 |
back together advising you and friedberg are at each other's throats so i'll just let you guys 00:47:17.760 |
fight it out and i'll be all about the love yeah free but why are you attacking jake cow yeah bar 00:47:22.960 |
be quiet over there no one's asking you stay in your lane freebird so sax as an operator 00:47:27.480 |
extraordinaire what's your best advice to the company that raised 100 million and let's say 00:47:31.960 |
their valuation is now not a billion it's 500 million what are the steps you take you got 14 00:47:36.360 |
months of runway in the bank do you lay people off do you extend it to 24 what are your thoughts 00:47:41.400 |
okay you must be dealing with this with companies in your portfolio well there's a few things going 00:47:45.480 |
on first of all i think tiger built a great business in providing late stage sort of passive 00:47:52.920 |
companies sas companies we have a bunch of sas businesses that they provided later stage 00:47:58.560 |
financing i think those valuations are going to come down i don't know that they're going to be 00:48:02.960 |
such a great partner for series a firms because they are passive and you know what we see is that 00:48:07.760 |
series a companies need a lot of help they need a lot of advice you need a lot of help with 00:48:11.360 |
recruiting governance governance they need you know when they're growing from say 20 employees 00:48:16.320 |
to 100 they need to know what that org chart looks like and on and on and on so i don't know 00:48:20.800 |
that if this report i don't know if this reporting is accurate but i think it's going to be a good 00:48:22.880 |
thing to do and i think it's actually true but if the goal is all of a sudden for tiger to become a 00:48:26.440 |
series a investor that competes with craft or sequoia or these other firms that are not very 00:48:31.400 |
hands-on that doesn't seem like a great strategy to me i do think that for our later stage companies 00:48:36.680 |
they have to realize that you know if they raise can i take the other side of this sorry david i 00:48:41.800 |
just want your reaction to this i think it's going to work but not for the right reasons 00:48:46.600 |
the reason it'll work is there are way more entrepreneurs now than there are great entrepreneurs 00:48:52.840 |
and so of all of these entrepreneurs that exist the idea of getting passive money where you won't 00:49:00.720 |
get fired where there is that remember like remember when we were growing up in silicon 00:49:04.980 |
valley the risk is always like if you take sequoia benchmark you know social capital like 00:49:10.760 |
there's a high bar for that capital which means we are helping you run this business effectively 00:49:15.400 |
and there's a cost where if you don't perform you'll get fired there's always been that risk 00:49:20.220 |
it's true and i guess that's the argument they could make but the 00:49:22.800 |
flip side is that there's a lot of these so the ceo now why would you take a 15 million series 00:49:28.600 |
a check from sequoia where they could fire you whereas 15 million dollars from tiger they may 00:49:32.520 |
never call you we we address that by doing look if a founder is really worried about that we address 00:49:37.720 |
that by giving them three board seats you know we might have one they might have three i mean 00:49:42.680 |
my view on it is you just never fire a founder unless they don't start a criminal it's just 00:49:46.200 |
that simple but um so look i think there's ways of addressing the governance where uh you can 00:49:52.760 |
get the help or the value out of an early stage firm without giving up the control 00:49:56.400 |
so yeah i mean look that's the pitch that tiger would make but i think that's addressable 00:50:01.680 |
uh what do you think of that pitch freeberg i will give you the 15 million series a you don't have to 00:50:07.440 |
have a board you can just be passive and let us know how it goes give us a quarterly report we'll 00:50:12.800 |
look at the p l that's all of crypto now anyways that's true well i mean that's a fair point no 00:50:17.360 |
governance in crypto is leading to a lot of weird stuff i can tell you i tell people this a lot so i 00:50:22.720 |
three term sheets for my series b uh it was from andreessen horowitz coastal ventures and founders 00:50:28.400 |
fund and founders fund which came in kind of last minute but i went with kosla uh even though it's 00:50:34.640 |
a lower valuation because the node was pretty insistent like let me put someone that could be 00:50:39.120 |
useful some you know government person because we were doing a lot of work lobbying in in dc 00:50:43.760 |
on your board we won't be on your board we won't bother you and i took the round and in 00:50:47.840 |
my series c i took from founders fund because brian singerman who's obviously a good friend 00:50:52.680 |
um you know made the case like look uh our model at founders fund is we let founders run the business 00:50:57.560 |
we're not here to tell you how to run your business and they were both great fits and you 00:51:01.000 |
know it worked out well i didn't i had i have had experience with antagonistic vcs on boards 00:51:07.480 |
and um you know it generally creates a pretty negative dynamic now when i'm the worst story 00:51:11.640 |
without the person's name i don't think i want to go public with it so i'm not going to do that 00:51:15.320 |
um but when i was on give us an idea of what the behavior would be because there are people 00:51:18.840 |
in the audience who want to know what is bad behavior vc just give us a composite when you're 00:51:22.360 |
an entrepreneur or a ceo running an early stage business you live that business 20 hours a day you 00:51:28.120 |
know the details if you're smart you're thorough you're analytical you're creative there is no one 00:51:33.480 |
that's going to come in the boardroom for two hours a quarter and suggest things to you that 00:51:37.800 |
you haven't thought of there's no one that's going to come in the room and be smarter than 00:51:40.520 |
you at your own business and so more often than not vinod's been exceptional at defining this 00:51:45.400 |
problem the problem is vc's think join a board and then you're going to have to figure out how to 00:51:48.800 |
get the right people to join you and they think that they have to quote add value so they come in 00:51:52.760 |
and they make a bunch of suggestions and recommendations and push you to do a bunch of 00:51:55.960 |
things and as vinod has said correctly many times they more often than not add negative value they 00:52:01.640 |
can actually destroy and damage a business because they need to feel like they're exerting some degree 00:52:06.200 |
of influence over the business and as a result they push the business to do things that the ceo 00:52:10.600 |
or founder otherwise wouldn't be doing and that often ends up in a kind of weird sticky kind of 00:52:14.920 |
place so i just validated the tiger pitch right there i think that's right and by the way it's 00:52:18.760 |
fun founders fund is fantastic i don't know if you guys are lps but their investment returns are 00:52:24.560 |
so far beyond what i think anyone really realizes they're incredible investors and a big part of it 00:52:29.200 |
is they try and find the entrepreneur that doesn't want and doesn't need the help and then they give 00:52:33.360 |
them the capital to go and execute and they leave them the heck alone and they are just so good at 00:52:37.440 |
finding those folks identifying them and then literally being passive in in how they kind of 00:52:42.800 |
manage and operate their business and that's why they were so freaking good i think the people 00:52:46.400 |
you're talking about are a lot of rookie vcs who are just so good at managing their business and 00:52:48.720 |
they're just so good at managing their business and they're just so good at managing their business 00:52:48.760 |
come in and then yeah they think they're not just just experienced ex-operators even people who ran 00:52:53.960 |
businesses who say i know how to run a business and look no two businesses are alike so maybe the 00:52:58.440 |
way they ran their business with their team and their market and their industry worked well for 00:53:01.960 |
them but now when they got to come in and do it with someone else's business in some other space 00:53:06.040 |
with some completely different team you know they try and exert influence and really it's just 00:53:10.440 |
you know not wanted let me go to sax sax hold on i want to just get one from you 00:53:14.280 |
give us an idea because you've been in the business for over 20 years uh i mean 00:53:18.680 |
by the looks of it maybe 40 but 20 years of just crushing it in the business what's the worst 00:53:24.000 |
behavior you've seen on a board uh you can make a composite of like a vc being destructive on a board 00:53:31.200 |
yeah i mean look i think sometimes vcs will have sort of hobby horses and they'll keep 00:53:36.400 |
pushing for things that the founder doesn't want um that's not productive but what i would say is 00:53:43.120 |
first of all let me just say like i'm not somebody who likes to take board seats and i i do 00:53:48.640 |
it as a it's like i see it as a cost not a benefit to me because it takes up my time if i didn't have 00:53:54.360 |
to ever take a board seat that'd be a great as far as i'm concerned that'd be a good thing i'm not 00:53:58.200 |
somebody who wants to you know insert myself and get on these boards you know offer it as an 00:54:03.480 |
incentive no i only i only took a board sales yeah the only reason i'll ever take a board seat is 00:54:08.840 |
because i have to do it because the founder insists that otherwise they won't go with i've seen it 00:54:12.600 |
with them so exactly you'll do it for one year right you'll say hey i'll do it for a year i always 00:54:17.160 |
time limit it now because i just can't i mean i can't make a 10-year obligation you know it's 00:54:21.880 |
typically like one or two years and then you know we'll see it doesn't mean i'll roll off in two 00:54:26.040 |
years but um but i but i need to have the expectation set up and and the reality is if the 00:54:32.200 |
company can perform well for another two years they'll be at a different stage and maybe they 00:54:37.160 |
won't you know need my help as much so the two most valuable pieces of private equity that i own 00:54:46.840 |
and it's a company called netscope and collectively it's like billion dollars worth of stock that i own 00:54:53.160 |
what i'm on the board of one i'm not on the board of the other anymore and i text with these guys 00:54:59.160 |
maybe once every two or three months at best so you know completely confirming david your point 00:55:05.400 |
that great founders are just n of one individuals you know barry silbert sanjay barry next level 00:55:16.520 |
the the series a playbook because when i ran institutional money i'm telling you there is a 00:55:21.080 |
pressure to be involved and show some value and i do think that there is a level of judgment on 00:55:27.960 |
the ceo that has happened now maybe that's changed historically but i think that's the single biggest 00:55:33.640 |
pivot that one would exploit if you were tiger or co2 or d1 stepping into the early stage game 00:55:40.280 |
which is to essentially make it a feature and it's not dissimilar to when dst and yuri milner entered 00:55:46.120 |
the late stage round you know what was his big differentiation i'll take common stock and i 00:55:50.840 |
won't take a board seat i do not need a board to see it to be influential it seems so counterintuitive 00:55:56.280 |
and so against the grain but he acknowledged what was this thing that up until that point was true 00:56:03.560 |
which is common and preferred converged in price per share so buying common in a late stage company 00:56:09.880 |
was the same as buying preferred you know that's something you should explain 00:56:13.000 |
for a second people don't know this but add an ip 00:56:16.040 |
yeah well let's start with it so when you set up a company you have a price per share of the common 00:56:20.760 |
stock and then a price per share that the series a investor has the series a investor is buying 00:56:25.560 |
preferred shares that actually looks more like debt than equity and what i mean by that is there's 00:56:30.920 |
typically a coupon there's a rate of return there's accumulated dividends all these features 00:56:36.520 |
give it a certain price per share and the common has none of those features and so it has a lower 00:56:41.400 |
protective provisions and that gap is typically around 20 00:56:45.960 |
to 1 when you set up a company okay and that's what allows you to hire employees 00:56:50.680 |
and give them very very cheap options with embedded upside then what happens is you raise more and more 00:56:56.520 |
of these series b series c series d these preference stack right prefer shares build up but 00:57:02.520 |
the value of the comment keeps rising too and by the time you go public the gap converges what yuri 00:57:08.760 |
realized was hey wait a minute i'm buying a company a year or 18 months before it goes public 00:57:13.640 |
the price of the common and the price of the preferred are roughly the same so you're going to 00:57:15.800 |
have to spend more money on that and i think that's probably what's going to happen but i'm 00:57:18.840 |
going to have to spend more money on the first one because it's going to be a lot of money and i'm 00:57:21.880 |
going to have to spend more money on the second one because it's going to be a lot of money and i'm 00:57:24.680 |
going to have to spend more money on the third one because it's going to be a lot of money and i'm 00:57:26.920 |
going to have to spend more money on the third one because it's going to be a lot of money and i'm 00:57:28.920 |
going to have to spend more money on the third one because it's going to be a lot of money and i'm 00:57:30.840 |
going to have to spend more money on the third one because it's going to be a lot of money and i'm 00:57:32.920 |
going to have to spend more money on the third one because it's going to be a lot of money and i'm 00:57:34.760 |
that you are and i'm just going to get out of your way and leave you alone 00:57:37.240 |
governance and unbundling the governance and advice piece from the capital piece but you're 00:57:42.600 |
going to still need that governance and advice piece i think i think it could work yeah i mean 00:57:46.040 |
i think there's a lot of great founders or they're founders who start young and experience become 00:57:50.520 |
great and the smart ones listen to advice on the way and they they seek out people who've done it 00:57:55.560 |
before and so you know yes they may be an n01 business by the growth stage but that doesn't 00:58:01.640 |
mean they don't need any help whatsoever at the series a stage such a good observation yeah and 00:58:05.960 |
look i think there's been i think there's been an evolution of silicon valley i'd actually say 00:58:09.320 |
there's been like three distinct phases in the venture capital world and i remember all of them 00:58:13.480 |
so you go back to the the night the late 90s okay when you had this mentality on the part of vcs 00:58:20.120 |
that if a company became successful you would just automatically replace the founders right you go 00:58:24.040 |
bring professional ceo upgrade that was a disaster okay and and that's when founders fund peter came 00:58:31.560 |
in 2003 and the reason they called it founders fund is to indicate they were going to be pro 00:58:35.960 |
founder and they would never replace the founder and they would let you do whatever you wanted and 00:58:40.600 |
i think you want to tell the backstory of the sean parker stuff and how that happened yeah i mean so 00:58:44.440 |
basically both peter and sean parker had you know experiences they felt were very negative with 00:58:51.080 |
sequoia and by the way i have great relationships with sequoia roloff who worked with us at paypal 00:58:55.880 |
is there and i think they've evolved as a firm so i'm not calling them out or anything but 00:59:01.480 |
and peter felt like sequoia pushed out and replaced and so with plaques though specifically 00:59:07.480 |
there are a couple of different companies involved but when peter was uh ceo of paypal as well that 00:59:12.840 |
you know he felt he felt that pressure as well so when they then founded as two of the four 00:59:17.880 |
founding partners of founders from back in 2003 the whole point was we are going to be 00:59:22.760 |
pro founder you're never going to replace you will you do whatever you want i think that was 00:59:26.360 |
that was phase two and that became i think the dominant model and so becoming pro founder with 00:59:31.400 |
now table stakes and i think the third phase has been you know what andreessen harwitz has now done 00:59:36.920 |
with this massive like the services and the value add which is that we're going to basically not 00:59:42.600 |
only be pro founder but we're going to like bring all these resources to help you and that's the 00:59:47.880 |
era we're in right now i mean from the from our perspective like as as craft i mean look it's not 00:59:54.120 |
in our interest to get into any dispute with a founder and if we feel like our advice isn't being 00:59:58.920 |
taken well we just back off you know of course we're profounder like we don't want the control 01:00:04.040 |
we're not control investors and you know if it's if it's if it's becoming frictional we'd rather 01:00:09.880 |
just get out of the way no it's just not worth it the underlying thing that you're not saying though 01:00:14.120 |
is because you have enough of a fund that's large enough where you can have enough bets where 01:00:18.760 |
any of these any of these things to the upside is a total needle mover 01:00:22.680 |
but anything that goes to zero doesn't actually diminish the fund or impair it meaningfully so 01:00:28.840 |
engaged in really being non-anti-founder so yeah i think it's a i think it's a part of a business 01:00:33.400 |
model but one thing i want to tell you about parker parker was single-handedly incredibly 01:00:37.960 |
responsible for keeping zuck in the seat when he was president of facebook because parker wrote 01:00:41.880 |
you know uh this structure that really allowed mark to keep control super voting shares 01:00:47.080 |
sax to to add on to your your point i think that there's been uh so so it there seems to be a 01:00:53.320 |
bifurcation around the services model or not but the fourth thing that seems to have happened and 01:00:58.120 |
you guys tell me if you're going to be able to get a lot of money out of it and you're going to be 01:00:58.820 |
if I'm wrong on this, but it plays into the tiger global story. What when I was when I got that term 01:01:05.140 |
sheet for my Series B at Climate Corp, Marc Andreessen, I was trying to raise like 25 to 01:01:09.700 |
$30 million, and Marc Andreessen was like, we're gonna give you a term sheet for $40 million, 01:01:12.980 |
more than you were asking for. Because we want you to use that extra capital to go faster to 01:01:18.420 |
go harder to grab the market because we have this big in businesses that grabbing the market. 01:01:22.420 |
And that seems to have also become a bit of a mainstay, but not just a mainstay, 01:01:26.580 |
but now almost like the kind of standard pitch that a lot of the later stage guys are taking, 01:01:33.140 |
which is like, here's so much capital that it helps you make the market. And then the 01:01:37.620 |
SoftBank Vision Fund kind of took that to the extreme with $100 billion raise and Tiger Global, 01:01:41.860 |
I think last year, have publicly said they deployed about $15 billion into startups, 01:01:47.060 |
where a startup may in a natural cycle kind of evolved to needing $70 million raise or 01:01:51.380 |
$100 million raise. And they're like writing checks for 250 or 300 and saying this extra 01:01:55.860 |
capital gives you $100 million raise. And they're like writing checks for 250 or 300 and saying this 01:01:56.340 |
extra capital gives you the ability to move faster. And the reason is, the faster a business 01:02:00.180 |
moves, the higher the multiple they get on their revenue. So the higher the growth rate, 01:02:04.820 |
the higher the multiple. So if you can deploy capital faster, we can find a business 01:02:08.580 |
where we can pump money through you to get it out the door faster, your multiple goes up and 01:02:12.900 |
Tiger's model was let's just get the multiples up. There's multiple expansion and growth. 01:02:17.540 |
So we'll make money two ways when the company goes public in 18 to 24 months. Obviously, 01:02:21.700 |
when the markets end up tanking and all those multiples compress, no growth rate is going to 01:02:25.860 |
solve that problem for you. But having more capital than maybe you were thinking or asking for 01:02:31.940 |
also seems to have become kind of attacking. I don't know if that if you view that as kind of 01:02:35.780 |
this fourth evolution, but that certainly wasn't the case 20 years ago, and VCs were being careful 01:02:40.740 |
about is it a $6 million round or an $8 million round? What's the right amount of capital? 01:02:44.820 |
And nowadays, it's much more about take more than you need. I'll say there was a 3.5 in there, 01:02:49.380 |
which is you saw a little bit of lack of governance or superpowers on the part of like some 01:02:55.380 |
incompetent founders or bad founders. Just you know, whether it's we work there knows whatever, 01:03:00.180 |
too much control, not enough governance, things go off the rail. But you know, based on this 01:03:04.340 |
discussion, I really think this bifurcates when it's a first time founder versus a second time 01:03:08.900 |
founder in what I see because I have been doing board training for seed companies where I will 01:03:13.380 |
just have three founders sit in on each other's first board meetings. We do one board meeting 01:03:18.900 |
each and I train them how board meetings works and what I experienced with Sequoia on my board 01:03:22.740 |
and other boards. And first time founders like the 10th time I've been on board meetings, I've been 01:03:23.700 |
on board meetings with Sequoia on my board and other boards. And first time founders, 01:03:24.900 |
like the tactical stuff, how to run a board meeting legal HR hiring partnerships, go to 01:03:30.660 |
market strategies, man, it is all tactical all the time. And then when I've been on with second and 01:03:35.860 |
third time founders, you know, they really are like, here's all the materials. Here's what I'm 01:03:40.580 |
thinking about. What do we think strategically, so they go from the tactical level to the strategic 01:03:44.820 |
admission level awfully quick. And they actually seem to enjoy having those four meetings a year. 01:03:49.380 |
Whereas the first time founders really need to have six to 10 a year in those in that first, you 01:03:54.420 |
know, year two of a company. That's my experience, I realized in this discussion, that the market has 01:04:00.180 |
really meaningfully changed, meaning when I was actively investing, even in the early 2000s, 01:04:05.380 |
or sorry, in the in the, you know, 2011 1213. There was a culture where if you underperformed, 01:04:12.660 |
you would get replaced. And I think David, what you just spoke about, which I guess is true, 01:04:18.020 |
has really changed, which is if you're running a multi multi billion dollar fund, where every check 01:04:23.700 |
is $20 million, the upside is billions, but the downside is negative 20. There's just no point. 01:04:28.980 |
And so you know, Sequoia used to be known as a very, very, very tough, tough, tough place for 01:04:34.980 |
CEOs that were underperforming. Now they got a $9 billion fund. Now you have maybe 20 years ago, 01:04:39.940 |
it doesn't matter anymore. Not No, not even even 10 less than 10 years ago. I think it was, 01:04:44.260 |
I think it was known as a very tough demanding place. I think benchmark was known as a very 01:04:47.860 |
tough demanding place because the money was much more finite. Right? Bench benchmark still still that 01:04:53.220 |
case. Expectation called they never they never grew their fund size. No, Jason, you're not you're 01:04:58.660 |
not hearing me. I am I think what's happening is I listen, I had Sequoia on my board and I worked at 01:05:03.300 |
Sequoia. So there's difference between high expectations, which I think all these folks have 01:05:07.220 |
to have, and the willingness to replace the founder as CEO. And what I'm saying is every VC 01:05:14.180 |
claims this, but there were a handful of VCs that had the courage to do this. I mean, famously, 01:05:18.580 |
Mike Morrison, John Doerr, you know, had it out with Larry. 01:05:21.540 |
Larry, at the end of the day, he was the CEO of Sequoia. He was the CEO of Sequoia. He was the CEO of 01:05:22.260 |
Sequoia. And he was the CEO of Sequoia. And he was the CEO of Sequoia. And he was the CEO of Sequoia. 01:05:22.340 |
And he was the CEO of Sequoia. And he was the CEO of Sequoia. And he was the CEO of Sequoia. And he was 01:05:22.980 |
at the you know, right right after this round, like either go public, you know, get your business 01:05:26.980 |
model or give us our money back famously at Google. So they're not they're willing to draw a 01:05:31.380 |
line in the sand. I think that that has fundamentally changed at all these organizations 01:05:35.460 |
because the fund sizes have gone up. And the and the mathematical reality of venture capital has 01:05:40.660 |
changed something else you're missing, which is you got to remember Moritz and door were not 01:05:44.740 |
operators. And now these companies are being run. Ruloff is running Sequoia. And he's an operator and 01:05:50.580 |
he was there. So the changing of the guard and Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz were operators. 01:05:55.140 |
So the operator class behaves very differently. I disagree with you. I think that it 01:05:59.860 |
fun respectfully. No, hold on. I think that fun size dictates his behavior more than any singular 01:06:06.180 |
other feature. When you're running a $9 billion fund, you just don't sweat that changing of the 01:06:11.220 |
CEO and David said it really well. You just say okay, I'll cut our losses and move on. We don't 01:06:16.100 |
lose. I think it's more about the culture change in Silicon Valley of a bunch of MBA finance people. 01:06:20.500 |
And I think that's the key to success. And I think that's the key to success. And I think that's 01:06:21.140 |
the key to success. And I think that's the key to success. And I think that's the key to success. 01:06:21.540 |
Never run a company now moving and running companies. But you know, let's move on to the 01:06:24.900 |
next. Any closing thoughts on this one? Well, just I mean, Jason, you start to make this 01:06:29.540 |
point that if you're a founder, and you want to eventually run a great public company, 01:06:33.700 |
when you IPO, guess what, you're going to have governments. And what I've seen big time, 01:06:39.540 |
right? I mean, there's just Delaware law, there's just a lot of like expectations around being 01:06:44.580 |
a public company. And so if you don't have a board, you know, and you're not constituting 01:06:50.420 |
one until you go public, there's gonna be a massive amount of cleanup that you have to do. 01:06:54.900 |
I mean, that's what I've seen. And so you'll end up scrambling to create a board, I think 01:06:59.460 |
that a board serves so many purposes early on of giving you advice and giving you structure 01:07:05.540 |
of providing support, help services, you can still remain in control while getting those things. 01:07:12.660 |
And I'm just, I'm just skeptical that like, if you form a company with completely passive 01:07:17.620 |
VCs, you don't even serve on a board, like, you're 01:07:20.340 |
gonna have to do a lot of cleanup later, I'd say at a minimum. 01:07:23.060 |
Totally. I think that that's true, too. Totally. I'm not a by the way, I'm not saying I advocate 01:07:28.180 |
this. But I just think that the reality is that if these large late stage crossover firms really step 01:07:34.580 |
into the early stage, I think they could really build a big book of business. I do think there 01:07:40.020 |
are a lot of founders who would love to just be given the money and just to be left alone. I'm 01:07:44.660 |
not saying that they think they know that it's better for them. But on the margin, just to be able to be 01:07:50.260 |
left alone. Now, what has changed maybe those everybody's going to be very hands off just 01:07:54.420 |
because all the fun sizes have exploded. So at that point, then you know, what is the difference 01:07:59.140 |
between Sequoia and D one time will tell, I just know that like, when I see a founder doing 01:08:03.860 |
something that I think could risk the company going off the rails, I'll say so. And then, 01:08:08.260 |
you know, if it keeps happening, and situation gets worse, I'll say so again, 01:08:12.260 |
I might mention the third time I might not. At a certain point, I'm just like, 01:08:17.620 |
maybe after like two times, I'm just like, they don't listen to me. That's fine. 01:08:20.180 |
It's their decision, their company, their decision, they go off the rails, 01:08:24.260 |
their problem, you know, we'll move on to the next one. I mean, that's the reality. 01:08:27.540 |
Sometimes founders have to learn by doing it, like sometimes their intent, and you know what, 01:08:32.020 |
they could be right, and you could be wrong, too. So it's hard as a, as a it's hard as a board 01:08:36.340 |
member. You know, that's why I'm very judicious in giving advice as a board member now. And I'm 01:08:41.780 |
on a bunch of boards and do we're training, because when the rule of was on my board, and he still is, 01:08:46.420 |
you know, he would ask great questions. And he would be very thoughtful about, hey, have you thought 01:08:50.100 |
about this? Or when I got advice from dog or American more rates directly, you know, Doug would 01:08:54.340 |
say, Hey, well, can you share the two year plan with me? And I'd say, you know, we haven't built 01:08:58.100 |
a plan. And he said, Well, you know, Jason, you know, hope is not a plan. Let's make a plan. And 01:09:01.780 |
let's discuss, you know, the milestones along here. And it was amazing to have that level of 01:09:06.420 |
thoughtfulness around total vision as a founder. I love I mean, as a founder, I love getting advice. 01:09:11.940 |
And I think you got to be really dumb not to seek it out. I mean, I when I was a founder, I would 01:09:15.780 |
even though I was sort of competing with any off, I would meet with him and I would like an amazing 01:09:20.020 |
advice. Just recently, we did it wasn't like an official board meeting because we're off isn't on 01:09:25.140 |
our board, but he's a big investor in one of my incubations, Colin. And we just did a meeting with 01:09:32.420 |
him and and, and the get it in every time. Now, to be confused with all in, but no, no, we had a 01:09:39.620 |
trademark. It was it was me and Axel, who's the co founder, Colin and, and roll off. And we had 01:09:46.020 |
like an amazing meeting where we got like, I'd say amazing advice. 01:09:49.940 |
advice from roll off that like, focused us. And it wasn't that I 01:09:54.200 |
didn't know these things. But it's just like, when you're in 01:09:56.400 |
the weed, sometimes, you don't actually crystallize, focus on 01:09:59.400 |
the most important thing. And I came out of that meeting, 01:10:01.940 |
meeting, feeling like, okay, real off just refocused us on 01:10:05.540 |
the most important thing. And it was immensely valuable. And 01:10:08.500 |
you've got to be like, dumb not to stick that out, no matter 01:10:10.720 |
what stage you're at. Because I seek it out today. 01:10:13.400 |
Yeah, and think about this, David, you're in the thick of 01:10:16.180 |
things. He's on squares board, he's on other boards, he's got a 01:10:20.680 |
picture of the entire playing field. It's like somebody who's 01:10:23.300 |
the coach of 15 NBA teams. And you're like the coach of one, 01:10:28.420 |
he's seeing things on other NBA teams that they're doing in 01:10:31.580 |
methodologies and best practices that you're just not going to 01:10:33.960 |
see. So I mean, again, and then if you look at the great 01:10:37.420 |
founders, TK used to come to me and say, Hey, you know, this is 01:10:41.440 |
the thing I'm going to be doing at the next board meeting, or 01:10:43.220 |
here's the thing, can we jam out? And he would just ask for a 01:10:46.080 |
So, you know, he's like, I'm going to be doing this. And then 01:10:46.160 |
he came up with that term, and three or four people would get 01:10:48.840 |
together and just jam and talk for five hours about the 01:10:51.320 |
product. It was awesome. All right, let's go on to David 01:10:54.540 |
Sachs his favorite section of the show. Science with the 01:10:59.780 |
Sultan of Science himself. Oh, I thought you were gonna say his 01:11:02.700 |
friend with Paul Graham. Oh, enough with that. Oh, we can't 01:11:07.300 |
talk about that. That was fighting you have to you if you 01:11:10.900 |
are engaged in the science segment, David Sachs and PG 01:11:14.280 |
are in a fight. All right, let's cover it. Here's the 01:11:16.060 |
deal. If David Sachs is engaged during the science portion of the 01:11:19.660 |
class, we will let him have his fight. As the as the teacher 01:11:24.040 |
here. Tell us a little bit about stem cells and this HIV story. 01:11:27.700 |
I was gonna tell sex that the earth is round. Okay, it's not 01:11:31.360 |
flat. I don't care. Yeah. How does that affect Solana? So 01:11:35.980 |
sorry, the story that I think we wanted to you guys wanted to 01:11:38.680 |
cover today with the HIV story, which incredible. Yeah, I 01:11:42.700 |
suggested this topic. So I'm interested. Explain it to us. 01:11:45.960 |
HIV is a retrovirus. Meaning once you get infected, it doesn't 01:11:50.460 |
go away. He doesn't care. He's he's he's he's flipping through 01:11:57.600 |
his political notes to figure out what did he miss saying that 01:12:00.360 |
he was supposed to say today. He just flipped over to Ben 01:12:02.780 |
Shapiro. He's listening to Jordan Peterson and Sam Harris 01:12:07.780 |
in conversation. Go ahead. Okay, okay. The the HIV being cured 01:12:12.420 |
headline. You know, we can dive into it for two minutes. But HIV 01:12:15.760 |
is a retrovirus. When you get infected with HIV, it stays in 01:12:18.520 |
your body forever. It actually ends up living inside of your 01:12:21.400 |
immune cells. That's what makes it such an interesting, 01:12:23.680 |
challenging virus. And it destroys those immune cells. So 01:12:27.700 |
over time, you end up getting AIDS. And the way it enters the 01:12:30.400 |
immune cells is through a specific protein. Some people 01:12:33.760 |
have a genetic mutation, where if there's a change in the their 01:12:38.360 |
DNA, and that protein is different, HIV cannot enter their 01:12:41.980 |
immune cells, and they can actually they are naturally 01:12:47.400 |
And so what's happened is found found apparently in white, 01:12:51.900 |
Northern Europeans. Yeah, like Norwegians, I think. Exactly. 01:12:56.160 |
And anyway, so what's the interesting study that was done? 01:13:00.540 |
All immune cells are made from stem cells in your bone marrow. 01:13:05.520 |
And so you know, all the white blood cells that we have that 01:13:07.900 |
fight off our diseases come from our bone marrow. And when you 01:13:11.700 |
get a blood cancer, sometimes you end up getting so severe 01:13:15.560 |
that you have to actually wipe out all the immune cells in your 01:13:18.860 |
body and give your and you end up with a bone marrow 01:13:22.160 |
transplant. So you get new bone marrow put in your blood cells 01:13:24.740 |
put in. And hopefully, if you can survive the therapy and 01:13:28.120 |
survive that treatment, those that new bone marrow will 01:13:31.220 |
produce new immune cells and your body will recover and you'll 01:13:34.160 |
be cured of your blood cancer. So what happened is people had 01:13:37.760 |
HIV. And when you get this, this bone marrow transplant, you end 01:13:41.880 |
up you know, they give you radiation and chemo and they 01:13:45.460 |
And and then they give you this bone marrow transplant. So they 01:13:49.180 |
selectively chose bone marrow stem cells that came from people 01:13:55.720 |
that have the genetic mutation that that prevents HIV. So then 01:14:00.920 |
when these HIV patients that got blood cancer, got a bone marrow 01:14:04.820 |
transplant with this mutation in it, they were cured of HIV. And 01:14:08.900 |
so it's a pretty profound kind of demonstration of what we 01:14:12.380 |
already knew, which is that this genetic mutation 01:14:15.360 |
can can prevent HIV. And there are a lot of therapies that are 01:14:20.400 |
underway right now, to actually use gene editing to induce that 01:14:27.240 |
mutation in people's blood cells and in their bone marrow without 01:14:32.280 |
The first guy that did it, the first guy that did it was 01:14:35.520 |
German, right? Or he was in Germany, I think, and he 01:14:38.980 |
unfortunately passed away. They cured his his HIV AIDS, but he 01:14:45.260 |
relapse of the leukemia that killed him. But I think all 01:14:48.020 |
three cases of people that that have been quote unquote cured, 01:14:55.220 |
But I'll say two things, two things about the future of this 01:14:57.620 |
kind of possibility. Number one is you don't need to get a bone 01:15:01.100 |
marrow transplant to have this mutation induced in your cells 01:15:06.800 |
to prevent this infection from kind of occurring in your body, 01:15:09.680 |
you can use gene editing tools to do that. And so we are now 01:15:12.740 |
developing gene editing therapies, where rather than 01:15:15.160 |
go and get a whole bone marrow transplant, to cure your HIV, we 01:15:18.280 |
can actually edit yourselves, those edited cells will now be 01:15:20.980 |
resistant, and you will be resolved of HIV. The second 01:15:23.620 |
thing is the way that they gave people the bone marrow 01:15:25.660 |
transplant, the way they created those stem cells for the bone 01:15:27.940 |
marrow transplant was from umbilical cord blood from from 01:15:32.260 |
newborns, which is very rich in stem cells. And this is a 01:15:36.220 |
traditional way of kind of giving people stem cell based 01:15:38.800 |
therapies is you go and source stem cells from another body, 01:15:41.620 |
or your own body, which are called autologous stem cells, 01:15:45.060 |
I just want to say one thing, what's really interesting in the 01:15:47.400 |
future is not going to be about pulling other people's stem 01:15:50.560 |
cells into your body, and finding them from, you know, 01:15:52.920 |
fetal blood or what have you, we now have the technology, which 01:15:56.100 |
I've talked about multiple times on the show called Yamanaka 01:15:58.620 |
factors, where theoretically, we can take your cells from your 01:16:02.440 |
own body, turn them into stem cells, grow them in a lab and 01:16:07.020 |
use that as the therapy that's called autologous stem cell 01:16:10.140 |
therapy. And rather than use stem cells, we're trying to find 01:16:12.640 |
them and, you know, figure them out where they are in your body 01:16:14.960 |
and pull them out, we can actually do stem cells from your 01:16:17.360 |
body. And that's like, you know, 15 years out is autologous 01:16:21.600 |
induced stem cell therapy, where you actually make your own stem 01:16:24.080 |
cells, and then give yourself all sorts of therapies, not just 01:16:26.640 |
bone marrow transplants, but you can heal lots of tissue in the 01:16:31.460 |
We don't really hear about HIV AIDS anymore. And that article, 01:16:34.520 |
I think it said that there's about 37 million people around 01:16:37.100 |
the world that have HIV AIDS. And it's incredible, actually, 01:16:40.220 |
the amount of progress that science has made in this 01:16:42.040 |
disease. I remember when I was growing up, it was made 01:16:44.860 |
to be like this incredible boogeyman. Yeah. And it really 01:16:50.540 |
governed like a lot of social norms at the time, because we 01:16:53.680 |
were still discovering what HIV AIDS was. And, you know, how, 01:16:57.100 |
you know, how do you think about sexual promiscuity, you know, 01:17:00.860 |
from a moral and ethical perspective? I think it had a 01:17:05.620 |
Absolutely, it did. It was a death sentence. They made us 01:17:09.240 |
paranoid. So so here's what's happened. therapies have gotten 01:17:11.800 |
so good at suppressing suppressing the virus. 01:17:15.000 |
If the virus is suppressed far enough, even though you are 01:17:17.520 |
always going to be infected, if it's suppressed far enough, the 01:17:20.580 |
WHO and the FDA have both said you can still have unprotected 01:17:24.000 |
sex and not transmit HIV. And so even though there are plenty of 01:17:27.360 |
people out there that might be having unprotected sex with HIV, 01:17:30.760 |
the therapies have suppressed the viral load to the point that 01:17:34.260 |
they're not transmitting it actively. And so that's been the 01:17:36.340 |
big breakthrough in science over the last decade. 01:17:38.100 |
And then they also had these prep pills, right, which people 01:17:40.680 |
could take proactive if they thought they might, you know, 01:17:44.660 |
you and I lived in a generation where I mean, it was the end of 01:17:49.040 |
things. Yeah. Well, I mean, it was the end of days and they're 01:17:51.540 |
like, I don't know, it was a single biggest thing that I was 01:17:55.760 |
that I was taught in sex ed classes to be afraid of, be 01:17:58.880 |
really scared at all costs. And then the problem that it that it 01:18:02.280 |
created was like, you know, in countries that had a large 01:18:04.860 |
Catholic population, you know, the Catholic Church was so you 01:18:08.820 |
know, evil, they had they were undecided on. They were the 01:18:14.560 |
Right. They told people in Africa to not use condoms. When 01:18:18.740 |
AIDS was rampant. It was the biggest evil. Second biggest 01:18:23.240 |
evil the Catholic Church did in modern history. Obviously, the 01:18:33.220 |
promised your point. My relationship. Look, I remember 01:18:36.440 |
how scared people were of AIDS, you know, back in the 1980s when 01:18:40.600 |
this came up. And I remember that there was a head of the NIH 01:18:44.460 |
who even whipped up people's fear hold on people's fear by 01:18:48.960 |
saying that even casual even casual contact within the same 01:18:55.920 |
Anthony, yes, we know, dedicated his life to trying to solve and 01:19:04.020 |
reduce the suffering of software AIDS and HIV. 01:19:06.420 |
No, in the 1980s. In the 1980s. He was the face of government 01:19:10.300 |
difference towards AIDS. And he spread fear and was medically 01:19:14.340 |
go check the records he was a screw up then and he's going to leave now on it he worked tirelessly 01:19:20.020 |
he didn't work tirelessly on it jay cal i think sax is right in the sense that like what we thought 01:19:24.980 |
we knew back then turned out to be wrong and i think that's a really important point you know 01:19:29.300 |
particularly in science it's a process of discovery what we thought we knew back then 01:19:34.100 |
turned out it was all a hypothesis it's all a thesis until it's proven or disproven and that's 01:19:38.820 |
the case read andrew sullivan i mean you know fauci was absolutely the enemy public enemy 01:19:45.620 |
number one of the of the gay movement who is it tony crick yeah well it was a tony crick tony 01:19:52.580 |
perkins there was actually a debate that fauci was in uh on aids where a gay actress literally 01:19:58.100 |
said to him i hate you and if you read andrew sullivan's blog he will talk about how he 01:20:02.660 |
remembers back in the 1980s that fauci was sort of public enemy number one in the gay community 01:20:08.740 |
his position on this during the reagan administration and so it is a lot of civil 01:20:13.300 |
disobedience act up et cetera remember and he responded by putting massive resources into this 01:20:19.700 |
so i think you know if he was that's not listening listen to andrew sullivan on this 01:20:24.260 |
andrew sullivan he is not that right wait andrew sullivan is the reason why 01:20:29.700 |
more than any other public intellectual why we have marriage equality today 01:20:33.700 |
he is number one he advocated for marriage equality and in the new republic made the case 01:20:38.660 |
for it before anybody else and popularized that argument i'm a fan of his writing uh let's not so 01:20:43.380 |
don't try and portray him as a far right wing or whatever portray you're going to fauci's intent 01:20:48.500 |
anyway you want to believe that fauci's an evil person i think i think you and many other people 01:20:52.660 |
have mysteriously forgotten who fauci really is okay you think i know the conspiracy that you 01:20:57.860 |
think fauci's intent is to you know cover up the uh and he intentionally was working against uh 01:21:05.220 |
solving for hiv that's ridiculous do you think i would say intentionally 01:21:08.500 |
do you think fauci had good intentions if you inferred it 01:21:11.380 |
sax do you think fauci had good intentions i don't i don't really care about his intentions 01:21:15.220 |
i just want to look at his actions it's amazing it's amazing to me it's amazing to me that a public 01:21:22.260 |
official who was so wrong back then in the 1980s and 1990s on the public health crisis of our time 01:21:30.020 |
would just be given a free pass and along comes a new public health crisis the last couple years 01:21:34.580 |
and he's been completely wrong about that too so why are you giving this guy a free pass 01:21:38.420 |
i don't get it hey sax in a cloud of uncertainty in a time of war do you think that leaders need 01:21:44.660 |
to show strong intent and clear signals or do you think that they should be wishy-washy because they 01:21:49.140 |
don't know enough i think they should just be right and if they're trying the best with what 01:21:54.660 |
they have with the information they have at the time okay well yeah there's some forgiveness for 01:22:00.100 |
uh for making mistakes but when you're constantly wrong maybe it's time to get somebody else in 01:22:04.020 |
there that's true and but and fauci by the way fauci app with respect to code we 01:22:08.340 |
talked about it before 100 participated in a suppression of the investigation into the 01:22:15.300 |
origins of covid there was an active attempt to suppress that come on you know that the 01:22:20.340 |
foia email show it it's a good science segment 01:22:24.260 |
i do want to give a shout out to the the researchers uh who actually did this with this 01:22:31.780 |
woman uh in new york it's pretty freaking incredible what's incredible is that they did it 01:22:38.260 |
yeah it's a really kind of like thoughtfully designed experiment um incredibly thoughtful 01:22:43.460 |
yeah and it's been four years so i mean this has been baking for a long time by the way 01:22:47.140 |
as i zoom out and hear you guys talk about what hiv was like you know back in the day and the fear 01:22:51.620 |
around it i i do think that 30 40 years from now given the tools we have with induced stem cells 01:22:57.220 |
and cell-based therapies and there are hundreds of cell-based therapies coming to market over 01:23:00.980 |
the next few years they're all in late-stage clinical trials as well as gene editing 01:23:04.580 |
i think hopefully and i'm optimistic that one day we will look back 01:23:08.180 |
at cancer and aging in the same way that we're talking about hiv today and that both of those 01:23:12.660 |
diseases can and will be resolved with the tools that we're developing through science 01:23:17.060 |
and you know there's there's going to be bumps along the road but man i you know it's so clear 01:23:21.620 |
that he's going to go sax go look i think i think what freeburg just said actually is really 01:23:26.180 |
important and inspiring and i think it's great and i was kind of joking around with the fauci 01:23:30.260 |
thing i didn't expect it to become a tangent so i don't need to keep going on and on about that 01:23:34.260 |
wait do you see him try to wait do you see him in editing try to change his position no i'm not going 01:23:38.100 |
to change anything in editing keep that whole segment i'm just saying i didn't can you use a 01:23:41.860 |
can i do a voice if you hadn't become so argumentative we wouldn't have spent five 01:23:45.620 |
minutes on it if i'm correct your incorrect position that fauci's intent was on ramp 01:23:50.260 |
please because i got to fly to europe go okay here we go david sachs and paul graham have gotten into 01:23:55.780 |
it uh it's a battle for the ages and the stakes are so low the stakes are so high and the 01:24:02.740 |
animosity is so high because the stakes are so low uh here we go david sacks before we go david 01:24:08.020 |
wait before this uh does phil helmuth qualify this as a billionaire battle or a quality 01:24:17.700 |
literally he revealed the billionaire if you follow phil helmuth's account 01:24:23.060 |
it's being d.a greatest being doug greatest on twitter follow being d.a greatest to get that 01:24:30.260 |
phil no phil helmuth outed he outed on his twitter our friend his new billionaire bestie is um his 01:24:37.940 |
bill which he stole bestie from me i used to call everybody bestie he just co-opted it uh like he 01:24:42.100 |
co-opted me calling chamath the dictator but i'll tell the dictator origin story later is stanley 01:24:47.300 |
from doordash stanley tang co-founder chief product officer of doordad great guy really great phil 01:24:54.180 |
hummus latest truffle exactly because he found it okay here we go so if you can introduce him to 01:25:01.300 |
paul graham go ahead all right here here here's the issue to pick what's your beef here we go 01:25:06.900 |
actually i did not seek out this beef sax vendetta section of the no no no no listen pg waited into 01:25:13.300 |
my tweets he came after me waited yeah he did waiting by the way i love it please any billionaires 01:25:20.260 |
out there who want to like debate like come waiting into my tweets mark cuban did it make a 01:25:23.940 |
made a big ass of himself i don't want to deter these guys from waiting in because it's great 01:25:31.620 |
here's what's basically happened is i tweeted a video of all these 01:25:34.100 |
i tweeted a video of all these multi-millionaire celebrity hypocrites 01:25:36.740 |
multi-millionaire celebrity hypocrites partying massless at the super bowl and 01:25:38.980 |
partying massless at the super bowl and then meanwhile the next day my three kids 01:25:41.380 |
then meanwhile the next day my three kids have to go to school in california 01:25:43.380 |
have to go to school in california wearing their masks that is 01:25:46.340 |
wearing their masks that is ridiculous okay it makes no sense we all 01:25:50.500 |
ridiculous okay it makes no sense we all know that okay any sane person knows 01:25:53.140 |
that that's what i tweeted about i don't know why of all issues that was triggering the pg but he 01:25:58.420 |
had to come in and say well they were all partying outdoors it's like really uh it looks to me like 01:26:03.780 |
they're in a skybox and if it has three walls and a ceiling i call that a room um but in any event 01:26:09.140 |
that wasn't he was he was misinformed because the rule of the super bowl was that if you 01:26:14.900 |
were not eating and drinking anyone under over the age of two after you're wearing a mask um 01:26:20.180 |
so you know my point stands i just want to air so here here's where things kind of went south is um 01:26:26.260 |
is so that i tweeted uh blink twice you know paul and and here's the thing i wasn't totally trying 01:26:33.940 |
to be snarky with that comment um here here's why i said that is because explain what that means i 01:26:39.060 |
didn't understand that what does that mean blink twice well it means like are you you're a captor 01:26:43.300 |
you're being held kidnapped by these concepts that you have to wear no you're being held hostage by 01:26:48.020 |
somebody and the reason why i said that is because you're being held hostage by somebody and the and 01:26:48.820 |
the reason why i said that is because you're being held hostage by somebody and the reason why i said 01:26:49.620 |
that is because you're being held hostage by somebody and the reason why i said that is because you're 01:26:50.100 |
being held hostage by somebody and the reason why i said that is because is is look if if pg had just 01:26:53.060 |
is because is is look if if pg had just been some crazy dumb person i never would 01:26:54.660 |
been some crazy dumb person i never would have said that the fact is that pg 01:26:56.660 |
have said that the fact is that pg is smart he writes extremely well 01:26:59.460 |
is smart he writes extremely well publishes a lot of interesting things 01:27:01.140 |
publishes a lot of interesting things he's an independent thinker so it almost 01:27:03.940 |
he's an independent thinker so it almost seemed to me like somebody is holding him 01:27:05.700 |
seemed to me like somebody is holding him hostage here because how can this 01:27:07.220 |
hostage here because how can this really smart person 01:27:08.500 |
really smart person be making this case anyway it kind of 01:27:11.460 |
be making this case anyway it kind of went south from there 01:27:14.100 |
went south from there so oh i have no desire to continue the 01:27:16.820 |
so oh i have no desire to continue the and meanwhile kendall jenner wore 01:27:19.060 |
and meanwhile kendall jenner wore north face shoes to justin bieber's uh 01:27:22.260 |
north face shoes to justin bieber's uh yeah can you believe it she knows that 01:27:24.980 |
yeah can you believe it she knows that he hates north face how did he do that 01:27:27.300 |
he hates north face how did he do that gossip gossip gossip all right so this 01:27:29.460 |
gossip gossip gossip all right so this has been sax's vendetta corner for the 01:27:33.140 |
has been sax's vendetta corner for the week uh can we make this a regular 01:27:35.060 |
week uh can we make this a regular segment but that's what i just did i'm 01:27:36.740 |
segment but that's what i just did i'm naming the segment sax's corner but i 01:27:39.060 |
naming the segment sax's corner but i want to say i want to stay on the main 01:27:40.420 |
want to say i want to stay on the main issue here which is 01:27:42.660 |
issue here which is oh please let's do it every week but 01:27:44.340 |
oh please let's do it every week but yes but look am i wrong about this 01:27:48.340 |
yes but look am i wrong about this mask hypocrisy that's going on how in 01:27:50.660 |
mask hypocrisy that's going on how in the world are kids picture of sax in 01:27:52.900 |
the world are kids picture of sax in the mess no no no no sax in the 01:27:54.580 |
the mess no no no sax in the mess jay cal stop i want to air 100 01:27:56.980 |
mess jay cal stop i want to air 100 support for sax on this statement i 01:27:58.520 |
support for sax on this statement i totally agree with you on the mask 01:28:00.440 |
totally agree with you on the mask hypocrisy as well as the mass mandates 01:28:02.360 |
hypocrisy as well as the mass mandates in schools i think it's ridiculous we 01:28:04.280 |
in schools i think it's ridiculous we pivoted we've pivoted so far away from 01:28:06.760 |
pivoted we've pivoted so far away from first principle thinking on this stuff 01:28:08.600 |
first principle thinking on this stuff it's nuts i totally agree with you 01:28:10.360 |
it's nuts i totally agree with you completely and um on this point on you 01:28:13.640 |
completely and um on this point on you wasting your time fighting with people 01:28:15.160 |
wasting your time fighting with people on twitter my personal advice to you as a 01:28:16.760 |
on twitter my personal advice to you as a friend is just cut it out but do what 01:28:18.520 |
friend is just cut it out but do what you gotta do buddy 01:28:19.880 |
you gotta do buddy but totally agree oh it's entertainment 01:28:22.040 |
but totally agree oh it's entertainment all right everybody for the dictator 01:28:24.280 |
all right everybody for the dictator himself chamath palihapitiya 01:28:27.400 |
himself chamath palihapitiya rain man yeah david sachs and 01:28:31.880 |
rain man yeah david sachs and the sultan of science if you see him out 01:28:34.440 |
the sultan of science if you see him out and about ask for a selfie sultan of 01:28:37.000 |
and about ask for a selfie sultan of science love selfies he does love you 01:28:42.840 |
see you all next time on the all-in pod love you besties bye-bye 01:28:45.800 |
love you besties bye-bye we'll let your winners ride 01:28:48.600 |
we'll let your winners ride rain man david sachs 01:28:54.680 |
and it said we open source it to the fans and they've just gone crazy with it 01:28:57.000 |
fans and they've just gone crazy with it love you guys 01:29:17.640 |
we should all just get a room and just have one big huge orgy because they're 01:29:19.240 |
have one big huge orgy because they're all just useless it's like this like 01:29:20.840 |
all just useless it's like this like sexual tension but they just need to 01:29:22.280 |
sexual tension but they just need to release them out