back to indexOld Testament Survey - Session 4 (2019-02-02)
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Thank you, Lord, for giving us just the resources to be able to study together. 00:00:07.720 |
We pray that you would help us to love your Word and to love all of it and to have all 00:00:21.760 |
Help us to learn and glean from just your saints of old and help us to really seek to 00:00:30.400 |
apply properly the various texts that we find in Scripture. 00:00:36.640 |
I pray, Father God, that you would help us to really engage in this hour and a half, 00:00:42.320 |
help our brains to be extra gooey and sticky so that everything sticks, and help us just 00:00:55.200 |
If you guys looked at the worksheet, you'll notice there's a lot less writing to do. 00:01:03.080 |
It was brought to my attention in the previous worksheets, there's so much writing. 00:01:07.160 |
I'm explaining as you're trying to write down stuff. 00:01:12.560 |
That was an awesome word of advice that I was given. 00:01:16.920 |
If there are things you're like, "You know what? 00:01:19.640 |
This is a way we can improve the study of God's Word by all means, let me know. 00:01:27.440 |
If you'll notice, you're going to get answers ahead of time now because there aren't as 00:01:35.640 |
That just means you just got to engage and try to pay more close attention. 00:01:40.440 |
I'm going to give your hands a little bit of a break from this point forward. 00:01:46.520 |
In between each slide, I'll try to give you additional information that I feel like would 00:01:54.160 |
If there are other things that you're like, "You know what? 00:01:58.360 |
Someone came up to me and said, "Can I improve on your slides to make them more modern?" 00:02:06.020 |
We may never do this class again, so I don't know if that's going to be useful. 00:02:10.440 |
By all means, if there are things that you want to help us to engage better, let's do 00:02:16.280 |
For you guys who came a little bit early, you noticed that Lawrence was having a tutoring 00:02:21.940 |
Every week, you guys can do that just to get together and review. 00:02:25.200 |
My encouragement is the longer you focus on this six weeks, the longer you'll be able 00:02:34.840 |
A lot of the memorization is going to come easy, but some of the stuff like the dates, 00:02:38.920 |
that's only going to serve to be beneficial to you. 00:02:41.480 |
Treat this like you're studying for a class, but it's a little easier to study for because 00:02:45.880 |
a lot of the bigger picture things are there for you. 00:04:08.920 |
What animal do you see when you think of Proverbs? 00:04:22.120 |
You can tell that's Solomon because he has half that heart. 00:04:50.620 |
If you guys remember the distinctives of Saul, David, and Solomon, just remember bad USA, 00:05:31.200 |
So if I gave you time, you could probably do this on a test. 00:05:42.840 |
How do we remember the civil war to the time of Assyria? 00:05:51.520 |
War, Elijah, Elisha, Assyria, and most of the focus is in the north. 00:05:58.780 |
And what are the books of the Bible, the prophets that kind of fit in that time period? 00:06:16.240 |
And what are the two bookends that describe the destruction of Assyria? 00:06:35.480 |
So if I gave you a test, 10-10 stands for who becoming king. 00:06:45.920 |
The civil war, 10 tribes go north, two tribes go south, eventually Israel, Judah, Samaria, 00:06:53.520 |
Benjamin, and what was the problem of the north? 00:07:00.080 |
And then if you look at just even the geography, you have the Sea of Galilee, in the middle 00:07:07.360 |
you have the Jordan River, and at the bottom you have the Dead Sea. 00:07:20.080 |
Split two, seven, two, two, split two, seven, two, two. 00:07:24.760 |
We're gonna learn the other three in a poem, authored by me this week. 00:07:32.880 |
And then we have the Medo-Persians, the returns, and 333. 00:07:38.680 |
Some people say 331, I just put 333 'cause it's easier to remember. 00:07:46.200 |
And we remembered, we jamen is how we remember that little section. 00:07:50.680 |
Between the split and Assyria, we are jamen, war, Elijah, Assyria, Jonah, Amos, Hosea, 00:08:12.840 |
So I'm gonna go slow and I'm gonna say it a few times and then try to remember it. 00:08:17.280 |
So you're not writing anything down, so just try to memorize it, okay? 00:08:42.840 |
Six, 12, Assyria's shelved, Judah soon to follow. 00:08:51.480 |
Logically do you guys, is this easy to track? 00:08:55.480 |
Six, 12, Assyria's shelved, Judah soon to follow. 00:09:18.720 |
Six, 12, Assyria's shelved, and then what happens? 00:09:24.520 |
Judah soon to follow, 586, the temple's nixed. 00:09:42.680 |
Do you think Jeremiah and lamentations are about the temple? 00:09:56.800 |
Assyria's shelved, and who is soon to follow? 00:10:18.840 |
Six, 12, Assyria's shelved, Judah soon to follow. 00:10:34.120 |
Six, 12, Assyria's shelved, Judah soon to follow. 00:10:49.440 |
Six, 12, Assyria's shelved, Judah soon to follow. 00:11:04.600 |
So six, 12, Assyria's shelved, and Judah is soon to follow. 00:11:10.440 |
Here it says, in the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar, 00:11:17.720 |
king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem and besieged it. 00:11:22.740 |
And that's also how Jeremiah ends in the 50s, okay? 00:11:29.820 |
And when Judah gets shelved also, you end up with 70 years of captivity, okay? 00:11:46.600 |
So the 70 years of a captivity, why did they happen? 00:11:50.800 |
Because every seven years, the people were supposed to let the land rest. 00:12:07.280 |
God's law and word is just for ideal standards and good situations. 00:12:17.700 |
So God says, "You're gonna pay this land back. 00:12:26.860 |
And so the 70 years are actually measured in two ways, and it's on your paper. 00:12:31.940 |
You can either measure it from the first exile in Babylon to the arrival back to the land. 00:12:41.120 |
Or 5, 8, 6 temples next, that destruction, and then the second temple is actually completed. 00:12:48.820 |
What book of the Bible talks about the second temple being completed? 00:13:00.100 |
So 612, Assyrias shelved, Judah soon to follow. 00:13:06.140 |
So when you're thinking Judah soon to follow, think the sea, okay? 00:13:10.440 |
And 70 years of people being taken in three waves back to Babylon. 00:13:16.300 |
Babylon had a habit of taking the best and brightest of every country that they conquered, 00:13:21.760 |
the best looking, the smartest, and they wanted to train them up as Babylonians so that later, 00:13:32.080 |
And amongst those, among them, four of those guys we know about, Daniel, Azariah, Mishael, 00:13:41.880 |
We know them by their Persian name or Babylonian names. 00:13:48.620 |
So Daniel, Mishael, Azariah, Hananiah, those guys are the Jews that were amongst those 00:13:59.800 |
How many of you guys have lived 70 years ago? 00:14:12.280 |
And remember, Jews got married in their teens. 00:14:14.800 |
So possibly even five generations were just during captivity, okay? 00:14:22.520 |
Six, 12, Assyrias shelved, Judah soon to follow, 586, temples nixed, Jeremiah laments and wallows. 00:14:42.680 |
We'll learn next week why this happened, okay? 00:14:46.600 |
But basically the last king of Judah rebelled against Nebuchadnezzar. 00:14:54.880 |
Zedekiah was like a 20, no, no, he was like a 30-year-old king, okay? 00:15:10.120 |
Nebuchadnezzar in a rage destroys the temple. 00:15:13.080 |
And then Zedekiah's children, it says his sons are slaughtered before his eyes. 00:15:18.760 |
So Zedekiah's tied up looking at his sons being slaughtered, and then he gets his eyes 00:15:24.900 |
And that's the last thing Zedekiah sees is all of his chief leaders and his sons being 00:15:42.520 |
So Zedekiah actually has to watch his little children just being crushed and like slain 00:15:48.760 |
and slaughtered in the cruelest of ways, and then that's the last thing he sees. 00:15:55.920 |
So Jeremiah probably was there to witness all this. 00:16:00.600 |
So he's saying the king's whole family just got slaughtered, these beautiful children. 00:16:31.080 |
And it's like a dirty waistband that he purchased that just went rotten. 00:16:40.880 |
The book of Lamentations is about weeping over Judah's losses. 00:16:48.240 |
I'm going to read chapter 1, verse 1 for you, Lamentations 1.1. 00:16:54.120 |
How lovely sits the city that was once full of people. 00:16:59.440 |
She has become like a widow who was once great among the nations. 00:17:06.160 |
She who was a princess among the provinces has become a forced laborer. 00:17:12.920 |
So he's weeping over the fact that Jerusalem is now empty. 00:17:16.800 |
Because guess what happened to all the people? 00:17:17.800 |
They either got killed or they got taken away. 00:17:21.920 |
So it's kind of like the hustle and bustle of Manhattan. 00:17:30.400 |
And all you've got left over are animals and homeless people. 00:17:45.400 |
The Lord's loving kindness indeed never ceases. 00:18:05.080 |
So he's actually sitting there in front of this ruined city lamenting, but he's also 00:18:10.720 |
So the next time you sing like this, steadfast love of the Lord never ceases. 00:18:19.220 |
You sing that, you've got to remember the context. 00:18:22.800 |
This is at the worst moment in their history. 00:19:02.920 |
So what is it now that the people of Judah finally got to understand? 00:19:19.040 |
What did they have taken away because of the hundreds of years of idolatry? 00:19:34.560 |
They lost their power, their armies, their weapons. 00:19:39.720 |
They weren't even allowed to carry weapons by the time you get to the New Testament. 00:20:03.240 |
They don't have a country anymore except for a brief period where in the Maccabean revolution 00:20:19.800 |
But they are celebrating that time of freedom where they finally got their land back. 00:20:25.080 |
So between Malachi and Matthew they got their land back and they lost it again. 00:20:30.840 |
And they don't get their land back until 1945. 00:20:34.200 |
So for almost 2,000 years, over 2,000 years, Israel has no country. 00:20:49.520 |
Because people don't disappear for 2,000 years and then a country is formed again. 00:20:54.840 |
This is important because we are going to look at Ezekiel today. 00:21:03.120 |
You know most of the church before World War II, everybody was a Presbyterian. 00:21:15.080 |
But after Israel showed up on the scene, I'm putting it very simply, but when Israel showed 00:21:19.640 |
up on the scene, everybody's theology got all jacked up. 00:21:26.020 |
Is God fulfilling all of these Old Testament prophecies to Israel again? 00:21:30.460 |
Because for 2,000 years, everything was spiritualized. 00:21:37.360 |
So they lost their freedom, they lost their land, they lost their masses of armies. 00:21:46.200 |
David, they lost all that and they lost their wealth. 00:21:49.960 |
And now they're having to pay what little money they have to like Caesar. 00:21:57.760 |
So imagine the United States of America 200 years from now, every single one of our descendants 00:22:44.040 |
A, B, C, D. Medo, Persians, return and Greeks. 00:22:48.480 |
A, B, C, D. Medo, Persians, return and Greeks. 00:22:50.980 |
You could probably do the timeline now if I gave you time, right? 00:23:28.200 |
Now, the B, C, D all happens at once, so I'm going to use it conveniently. 00:23:29.200 |
Hey, don't take a picture of this, because I might get sued, right? 00:23:31.200 |
Most of you, if you guys are Asian, you might know this. 00:24:53.200 |
What does that stand for, Temple, Sadie, Proverbs, teacher. 00:24:56.660 |
So, it's an acronym, and another way to say acronym is HEADS. 00:25:03.240 |
Remember, we JAMN, but with BCD, what should you remember? 00:25:08.960 |
The HEADS of these four books, and + Jeremiah Lamentations. 00:25:15.240 |
First book, Habakkuk, second one, Ezekiel, Daniel, and Zephaniah, and they're not necessarily 00:25:27.840 |
Okay, so when I'm, the we JAMN is pretty much in order. 00:25:31.520 |
These HEADS are similar in time, not necessarily similar in order. 00:25:36.080 |
So, HEADS, Habakkuk, Ezekiel, Daniel, Zephaniah, but there's a bunch of H books and Z books, 00:25:48.520 |
There's also Zachariah, there's Haggai, there's Hosea. 00:25:51.160 |
So how do you remember which H this is, and which Z this is? 00:26:10.660 |
If you can't handle the heat, and you start eating this stuff, what happens to your body? 00:26:17.200 |
And then usually that restaurant is enclosed, so you start getting sweaty, okay? 00:27:01.020 |
So for the BCD period, there are actually 6 books that you need to remember. 00:27:08.940 |
Jeremiah lamentations, and then these heads, okay? 00:27:34.060 |
Then we're going to cover some of these books, and then after some of these books, we'll 00:27:48.860 |
So Ezekiel, if you just look at him, he's a skeleton with an easy towel. 00:27:56.420 |
And this is the dry bones will come to life is the thing that is focused on here, okay? 00:28:07.620 |
In Ezekiel chapter 37, God says, "Prophesy, son of man, come to life, dead dry bones." 00:28:16.460 |
So these bones that had been buried for a long time, and dry bones are bones that are 00:28:33.060 |
So whoever's watching the video is going to be like, "What's going on?" 00:28:43.460 |
So he asks, "Can these dry bones come to life?" 00:28:49.860 |
When I was in college, I went to Berkeley and we had a little pier at the Berkeley Marina, 00:28:56.340 |
and then we went fishing, my friend and I, we went fishing. 00:28:59.460 |
And I ended up pulling up a five-foot shark, okay? 00:29:07.740 |
I almost died after I ate it because it was toxic. 00:29:13.540 |
He took the head home and then he left it actually in a bag in the garage of the apartment 00:29:24.580 |
And then he went down there having forgotten about this shark head because what he wanted 00:29:29.820 |
So he had just left it there because we spent all night fishing and then he... 00:29:34.380 |
Like a week later, he actually went to the shark head and it was nasty. 00:29:39.260 |
So eventually, because he wanted the teeth, he cleaned it off and then he boiled it to 00:29:52.180 |
Now that shark skeleton now, even more so, it's even deader now, right? 00:30:01.620 |
This was back in 1998, but now it's been 20 plus years. 00:30:06.260 |
If we try to reconstruct this shark with these jaw bones, would that work? 00:30:15.100 |
But in the book of Ezekiel, God is saying, "I am going to raise up these dry bones. 00:30:20.300 |
They're gonna be a powerful army and they are going to be instruments in my hands." 00:30:27.580 |
But the nation of Israel itself is described in the book of Ezekiel. 00:30:35.780 |
Israel coming back in 1945 should never have happened. 00:30:39.340 |
That's an impossible thing, that they would become a country again. 00:30:43.460 |
So Ezekiel is about dry bones coming back to life. 00:30:48.280 |
And that's why Ezekiel is hard to understand because there's so many different prophecies 00:30:51.300 |
going on about immediate context and the end times. 00:30:55.380 |
So Ezekiel is about dry bones coming to life. 00:31:14.780 |
So if you go to the New Testament, are the Jews idol-phobic or idol lovers? 00:31:24.420 |
In the Old Testament, they're like always getting in trouble because they're dancing 00:31:43.260 |
If you look at the picture, this Daniel in the lion's den, it's one easy way to remember. 00:31:49.140 |
And this whole book really is about dreams and visions. 00:31:58.020 |
Ezekiel was about dry bones coming back to life, which is a description of what he's 00:32:02.900 |
going to do in the New Testament to all Christians because he's going to give us, take away our 00:32:15.700 |
But in context of the nation of the people of God, they're going to come back to life. 00:32:27.860 |
So this picture is different from the one that I put it on the paper for you, and I 00:32:37.220 |
So Daniel 2.1, in the second year of his reign, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams. 00:32:42.000 |
His mind was troubled, and he could not sleep. 00:32:46.460 |
So and he dreams a bit of this statue that has a head of gold. 00:32:51.060 |
He has a chest and arms of silver, belly and thighs of bronze, legs of iron, feet of iron 00:32:58.620 |
and clay, and a little rock comes and destroys this statue. 00:33:08.160 |
On your paper, it'll say that the head of gold is Babylon. 00:33:15.820 |
The Medo-Persian alliance that comes and knocks out Babylon. 00:33:28.300 |
Did you guys know Rome was actually known for their iron? 00:33:42.700 |
Some people think that has to do with the Roman church in the early period. 00:33:50.640 |
But either way, the feet of iron and clay is debated. 00:33:55.840 |
But this little rock that comes and knocks everything down is the kingdom of God. 00:34:07.220 |
Daniel has a vision, you guys still looking at it? 00:34:13.700 |
It should be very similar to what's on that picture. 00:34:28.400 |
If you just Google this, you'll find these images. 00:34:45.200 |
So in the first year of Belshazzar, king of Babylon, this is many, many years later. 00:34:50.540 |
This is after King Nebuchadnezzar goes crazy. 00:34:53.660 |
But Belshazzar, his great grandson, Daniel had a dream. 00:35:01.380 |
And visions passed through his mind as he was lying on his bed. 00:35:05.420 |
And he wrote down the substance of his dreams. 00:35:34.680 |
Where one side is more dominant and stronger than the other. 00:35:40.140 |
The Medo-Persian alliance, you end up actually hearing more about Persia than Mede. 00:35:46.540 |
Because before we learned the king-king split here, Medo-Persia, what is that? 00:35:54.980 |
But the Medes were there to help the Persian empire knock out Babylon. 00:36:12.340 |
So in your Bibles, a lot of times, if there's a little title section, it'll usually just 00:36:22.580 |
Nod your heads if you guys have noticed that before. 00:36:26.220 |
And then a third vision that Daniel sees is Daniel chapter 7, verses 13 to 14. 00:36:34.280 |
And on your paper, I actually wrote the verses out. 00:36:37.540 |
It's basically he sees a vision of heaven, and the son of man, who is what Jesus always 00:36:43.440 |
calls himself in the New Testament, son of God, son of man, this is second Adam, he comes 00:36:50.820 |
and he sees this son of man getting all the authority from God the Father. 00:37:00.580 |
So those are the three main contextual visions that you have in the book of Daniel. 00:37:07.460 |
But then chapters 6 through 12 in the book of Daniel are crazy, because it's all about 00:37:34.580 |
Dry bones coming back to life, an impossible feat. 00:37:44.140 |
And the three visions are the statue, beasts, son of man. 00:37:53.020 |
So what we've done, 5-12, 5-5-12, 5-12, 5-5-12. 00:38:04.940 |
So you have the Pentateuch, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, 00:38:11.700 |
Ruth, 1st and 2nd, Samuel, 1st Kings, 2nd Kings, 1st and 2nd Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, 00:38:21.020 |
And then last week we covered the poems, Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Solomon. 00:38:26.860 |
And there are four major prophets, but we stick Lamentations in there to make it five. 00:38:33.140 |
Isaiah, Jeremiah, and today Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, but we'll get there, 00:38:41.940 |
So, so far what we covered today, 6-12, Assyria is shelved, Judah soon to follow, 5-8-6, temples 00:38:55.740 |
nixed, Jeremiah laments and wallows, and what are the six prophecies that are about BCD? 00:39:04.580 |
Not just four, but includes Jeremiah Lamentations. 00:39:07.100 |
Jeremiah Lamentations, Habakkuk, Ezekiel, Daniel, and Zephaniah. 00:39:19.340 |
And what did Jeremiah lament in Lamentations? 00:39:29.940 |
And they lost fame, paying attention to some people. 00:39:40.500 |
No, freedom, land, arms, wealth, everything that is at all valuable or priceless, they 00:39:50.980 |
But Ezekiel says, the impossible is gonna happen, you're gonna gain it all back, right? 00:39:56.780 |
Just as much as it's impossible for dry bones to come back to life, Israel's gonna stand 00:40:01.340 |
again, according to one theological perspective, okay? 00:40:08.340 |
Our church believes that God still has a plan for the nation of Israel, okay? 00:40:13.220 |
So the debates a lot of times are out of texts from Ezekiel, Daniel, Zechariah, and Revelation, 00:40:19.900 |
So those are things that, just to be aware of. 00:40:21.860 |
Ezekiel, the valley of dry bones, they're gonna rise up again. 00:40:31.100 |
Dreams and visions about the context in their immediate future context, as well as the kingdom 00:40:40.500 |
Those three visions are Nebuchadnezzar's first vision is about the golden...or the statue, 00:40:56.640 |
And you actually see all of those in the Old and New Testament together, do we not? 00:41:03.160 |
You see the statue, Daniel sees a vision of the four beasts, and then the Son of Man, 00:41:12.020 |
who is also that little rock that comes and crumbles everything. 00:41:15.140 |
So next time you read the book of Daniel, and you're like, "Dude, chapters 1-3 are awesome 00:41:18.820 |
'cause these are stories I'm familiar with," and then later when he's an old man, he gets 00:41:24.720 |
But what is all this other stuff of these visions and things? 00:41:35.860 |
So one more time, 6-12, Assyria is shelved, Judah soon to follow, 5-8-6, temples nixed, 00:42:08.020 |
War, Elijah, Elisha, Assyria, Jonah, Amos, Hosea, Micah, Isaiah, Nahum, Jonah, Nahum 00:42:22.660 |
A. BCD, Babylon, captivity, destruction of the temple. 00:42:30.460 |
70, because they didn't let the land rest for 490 years. 00:42:38.180 |
Now you remember, Jeremiah lamentations, Habakkuk, Ezekiel, Daniel, Zephaniah. 00:42:48.540 |
6-12, Assyria is shelved, Judah soon to follow, 5-8-6, temples nixed, Jeremiah laments and 00:43:03.820 |
Let's take a little time to just do a little review with each other. 00:43:14.580 |
Find a partner, review, and then we'll take a break till about 11.25.