- Welcome to the Huberman Lab Podcast, where we discuss science and science-based tools for everyday life. I'm Andrew Huberman, and I'm a professor of neurobiology and ophthalmology at Stanford School of Medicine. Today, my guest is Jocko Willink. Jocko Willink is a retired Navy SEAL, an author of numerous important books on leadership and team dynamics, and the host of the Jocko Podcast.

During his 20-year career with the US Navy, Jocko served with SEAL Team 3 as Commander of Task Unit Bruiser in Ramadi, Iraq, and elsewhere in the Middle East, as well as deployments in Asia and Europe. After retiring from the Navy, Jocko used his experience and knowledge gleaned from his time in the SEAL teams as a way to develop tools that anybody can use to develop their leadership skills, both for leading themselves and for leading others.

That took the form of several important books, the first of which was published in 2015 and is entitled "Extreme Ownership, How US Navy SEALs Lead and Win." He has also authored several books for kids about leadership, personal development, and how to navigate various aspects of life. I've read both "Extreme Ownership" and "The Way of the Warrior Kid," and I found them to be immensely useful in terms of actionable information and understanding of oneself and different kinds of relationships, both in and out of the workplace.

Typically, guests on the Huberman Lab Podcast are scientists and/or clinicians. It was some time ago that I was a guest on the Jocko Podcast, and during the course of our conversation on his podcast, we quickly realized that many of the science-based tools that my laboratory has focused on and that I've used over the years and shared on the Huberman Lab Podcast had direct overlap and parallel with many of the tools that Jocko and other members of the SEAL teams had arrived at independently, that is, without knowledge of the underlying science.

And in fact, he had many more tools that he had incorporated during his years in the SEAL teams, as well as in business leadership, in family, and elsewhere in life, that I quickly realized it would be an enormously valuable conversation to have him on this podcast in order to share those tools with the general public.

During today's episode, we discussed numerous tools that Jocko has taught and used over the years in a number of different contexts, including tools for generating more physical energy and for generating more focus and cognitive energy, and for navigating sticking points, that is, how to deal with lack of motivation, how to deal with difficult relationships in the workplace and elsewhere, and perhaps most importantly, how to think about and navigate the self.

In fact, we spend quite a bit of time talking about this notion of the self and one's self-identity and how self-identity plays into our ability to engage in actions of specific types consistently over time, where it can hold us back, how to gain better perspective, and how to help others gain better perspective so that we can work better with them and them with us.

We also go deep into the likely scientific mechanisms underlying why the tools that Jocko teaches and uses are so effective. In fact, one thing that you'll immediately notice is that Jocko was writing things down and I was writing things down throughout the conversation, and that just reflects the fact that he's not just an immensely powerful teacher, he's also a practitioner and an avid learner.

He's always seeking knowledge. So we kick back and forth our ideas about what likely does and does not underlie different tools and techniques, focusing, of course, mostly on what works in the practical sense in the world. What I can assure you is that by the end of today's episode, thanks to Jocko's immense generosity and curiosity, you will come away with a large number of tools and much richer understanding of how to navigate and enhance mental health, physical health, and performance in all aspects of life.

Before we begin, I'd like to emphasize that this podcast is separate from my teaching and research roles at Stanford. It is, however, part of my desire and effort to bring zero cost to consumer information about science and science-related tools to the general public. In keeping with that theme, I'd like to thank the sponsors of today's podcast.

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Again, that's livemomentus.com/huberman. And now for my discussion with Jocko Willink. Jocko Willink, welcome. - Thanks for having me, man. - I'm super excited and super happy to have you here. - I'm glad to be here. I know that you and I did five and a half hours on my podcast, so schedule is clear, let's go.

- Let's go. And actually, and people will see the Jocko Go drinks. This is not some sort of promotional by me, but these are the energy drinks I drink. So this could be called the Bring Your Own Go podcast. It is the energy drink I drink. And no, I'm not told to promote that or paid to promote that.

It's just the one that I drink. So there you go. No pun intended. I was just saying to our producer a moment ago that rarely do I sit down and do a podcast with somebody that's skilled in podcasting. Lex Friedman would be the only person that I've had on this podcast, I believe, who's also a podcaster.

Since you're a podcaster and many other things, I confess I'm a little bit intimidated. - Well, it's a weird thing to actually call a skill because it's something that I just kind of started doing. It's something that you just kind of started doing. It's something that Lex just kind of started doing.

And I never practiced it. I didn't sit down before my first podcast and think about how I should deliver things. I just kind of did it. So maybe it's just luck more than skill. - Well, you and I actually go back further than that conversation that we had on your podcast.

I think it might've been 2014, 2015, and you were on the Tim Ferriss podcast. And the time I was living with my girlfriend, we had moved from San Diego to the Bay Area. We were living in this little tiny apartment in a basement in Oakland, trying to save up to buy a place or rent a place that was decent to live in.

And we both knew a lot of team guys. She knew more team guys than I did in San Diego. I dated a few just to be direct, great woman. Those guys were cool to me, mostly. And I remember when I saw the photo on the top card for Tim's podcast, it was your face.

I said, "Do you know this guy from San Diego?" And she goes, "Nope, but if you had to draw a Navy Seal, that's what you'd draw." So I think for a lot of people, you embody their notion of a number of different things. Some of which you talk about, but some of which when you open up a bit and really get specific about work in the military and work in daily life and what it is to be you, but really what it is to be a human being, some important contradictions also emerge, right?

Obviously, discipline is a theme that people associate with you, right? In my view, and I think in the view of a lot of people, you embody discipline. So today I definitely want to talk about routines, but also mindsets, but also things that you do and ways that you approach things that might not contradict, but not be so obvious to people, might be a little bit counterintuitive.

And in addition to that, you have a lot of different aspects to your life in addition to running businesses, you're a family man, you have children and married a long time. And so you have a lot of knowledge from different domains of life. So with your permission, I'd like to dive into all of them over the next 26 hours.

- Let's dive. - Great. I'm fascinated by this idea of sense of self. I feel like all of us can look back to a time early in life when we first had some experience, could be in art class, could be fishing, could be sport, doesn't really matter what the exact experience was, but where we first realized that there are really cool things in the world, like something that turned us on at the level of excitement, or maybe scared us or something like that.

Do you have any recollection of such an event? Maybe not the first one, but you ever remember hearing or seeing something as a young kid, and maybe you could tell us how young and just thinking like, yeah, more of that, please. - A lot of times when people ask questions along this line of like, when was there a moment, right?

When was there a moment that you realized discipline? Or when was there a moment you realized leadership? Or when was there a moment you realized detachment? Kind of like the question here, when was there a moment you realized, for lack of a better way of saying it, I'm a person, right?

I'm a person with my own thoughts and I can make things happen. And for me, all those answers are usually fairly gradual. There's like a little thing that indicates you get a clue and then you move a little bit further down that road, then you get another clue and you move a little bit further down that road and you get another clue.

So that's what I would say for me, life was like, when I was a little kid, I was kind of slowly discovering that I was a person, I was a human. I remember my mom took me shopping. I was probably about 10 years old and I needed to get pants for school.

And my mom took me shopping. And when I went into the store, there was a girl that was, I don't know what they're called in a store, a retail sales girl. She was probably about 16. And I started chatting her up, right? And I kind of recognize it a little bit, but I sort of didn't too.

And I just was chatting to this girl and I was making her laugh. I was having a good time with the whole thing and putting on the pants and spinning around and she was laughing. And I remember when we left the store with the pants and my mom was sort of talking to me about the fact that, what were you trying to do to that girl?

And I was thinking to myself, well, I kind of liked that girl, she was pretty. And I don't know why that popped into my head, but I just remember thinking, hey man, there's a whole world out there and let's go make it happen. - Yeah, it's a great story 'cause I think it really speaks to this thing that you mentioned, which is that when we first start to realize we have a sense of self, it has something to do with cause and effect on the world.

We can have an impact in some way on things outside of us, outside of our home. Lately, I've been reading a lot of psychology and I've been listening to some of your content and I definitely want to talk to you about a study that you covered related to these.

It's a brutal experiment with these kids that either had stutter or didn't have stutter. I want to get into that a little bit later, but what we do and how we treat people and how we receive feedback and give feedback has a big impact. But I think some of that happens just in our own relationship to things in the world.

The old Hungarian psychologists I'm learning had this idea of two kinds of people. They literally thought there were two kinds of people. There are generators and projectors and generators are people that are just from a very young age, they realize they can impact other people, positively, negatively, and they want to create things in the world.

They want to generate stuff. And I go, wow, I can actually build stuff and break stuff and blow stuff up maybe, but also help things. And then there are these projectors that like to just kind of reflect on what they see. And they made the really important point, I think, that it's not that generators are good and projectors are bad.

The world needs both, that they really work in a kind of symbiotic way. But your story captures the essence of what it is to be a generator, which is that by doing certain things, you can have an impact and it feeds back to you and it's likely that they receive something from it as well.

- Yeah, and where this all came to fruition, as I now piece together, as you're talking through this stuff, look, when I joined the military, you join the military and you get a blank slate. So no one cares where you came from. No one cares what you did. You were the captain of the football team, captain of the soccer team.

No one cares. No one cares what your grades were. No one cares what you got on the SATs or the, and no one cares about anything. You're a blank slate. And then with that blank slate, it is, hey, if you do this thing, if you perform this task and you perform it well, you will get recognition.

You will get, you will hopefully get more control over your own destiny, which is the ultimate in compensation for human beings. To have more control over your own destiny is the ultimate compensation. You know, you and I were talking before we hit record, like you can have all the money in the world, but if you don't control what you're doing every day, or at least you don't control most of what you're doing, then it's not worth it.

The reason people try and make money is so they can have more autonomy in their life. And so in the military, it becomes very clear, and it became very clear to me very quickly that if I performed well, I actually got a lot more freedom with what I did.

Even in bootcamp, you know, if you pass an inspection in bootcamp, you don't have to redo your locker or you don't have to make your bed again because you did it right the first time. And so you have an extra 15 minutes. And so for me, really, that's when I started to realize, oh, what I'm doing right now is gonna impact not only what's gonna happen to me in the next hour, but in the next two years, three years, five years.

And I think that's the biggest mess that we have when we're growing up. And I know you had your challenges and tribulations as you were growing up because you didn't realize, oh, what I'm doing right now is gonna affect where I'm gonna be in the future. And it didn't happen until you were out of high school and you went to junior college and you're like, oh, wait a second.

I can actually put my life together in a positive way. When you're 14, you're thinking, hey, what am I gonna do tomorrow? That's basically future operations are what am I gonna do tomorrow? - I was like, where am I gonna get the Slurpee? Which curves am I gonna hit?

Skateboarding and where are we gonna play video games tonight or what girls are we gonna hang out with? That was kind of the mindset at 14. - Yeah, and then at some point you learned and so did I, oh, the actions that I take now are either gonna positively impact my future or they're gonna negatively impact my future.

And the more I focused on doing things that are gonna positively impact my future, the better my life became. And I think that's a very huge lesson to learn that I know I didn't figure out for quite some time. - Yeah, the idea of investments and withdrawals or understanding that early in life in terms of health behaviors and intellectual behaviors.

And your point about the military is a really interesting one. I never thought about the military that way that there's this blank slate when you get in there. And before we started, we were talking a little bit about the kinds of mindsets and people that the military attracts. And I'd love for you to elaborate on that again.

You mentioned something interesting, this notion of garrison, interesting word in its own right. What kind of people do you think the military attracts? And then within the military, do you start to see some kind of predictable bifurcations where certain people go down one track and other people go down another?

I have a few friends from the SEAL teams, as we both know. And I've heard sometimes about the distinction between officers and enlisted guys, this kind of thing. But maybe the question I'm asking is more across the board for all of military and really for people listening, whether or not they are interested in military or not for their own life.

I think there's an interesting lesson in this idea of who is attracted to the military. Is it like people who want to instill order on themselves or is it people who want to instill order on other people or both? - Yeah, there's a really good book. And I ended up doing about four podcasts on this book, which is called "The Psychology of Military Incompetence." And when I first saw that title- - What an amazing title.

- I know, and when I first saw that title, I thought to myself, oh, you know, this is some academic that's going to look at the military and bash it. And, but I did a little research and it turned out that the guy that had written the book, and I can't think of his name right now, he was a guy that had served in World War II, was wounded.

I mean, this guy understood what he was talking about. And it's really an obvious concept once you think about it. And the basic premise is this, the military, when you look at it from the outside, it's this orderly place. It's a place where everything has a place. It's a place where if you have a certain rank on your shoulder, you will command respect and people have to listen to you.

That's what it looks like. So it's an attractive place for people that have an authoritarian mindset, for people that want to just, hey, don't question what I'm saying, just shut up and do what I tell you to do. There's people that love that. There's people that want to live like that.

You've worked for them, I've worked for them. We've experienced those types of people throughout our lives. That authoritarian mindset that just want to bark orders and have people listen to them. And so when they, when those people are 14 years old or 16 years old or 18 years old and they look at the military and they see a uniform and they see people saluting and they see orders being carried out and they think that's where I'm gonna go and I can get the respect that I deserve.

And the military certainly attracts people like that. And those people that have that highly dedicated, disciplined and orderly mindset can do well inside the military, especially in garrison. And I had to, again, we were talking about this earlier, the word garrison, I don't think there's a civilian equivalent to this word, but it basically means the non-combat situation.

So when you're out on the parade field, when you're going through schooling, where there's no combat involved, when you're marching, like those kinds of things, we call that garrison. It's in the rear, it's not in combat. And the people with an authoritarian mindset actually do pretty well in garrison situations, why?

Because things are orderly and you can predict what's going to happen and you do get a certain issue of gear and that gear is gonna be delivered on time and you're gonna shoot this number of rounds down at the range and everything is going to go according to plan, that's what garrison is.

And so those people join the military, they're attracted to that and they end up doing well in peace time. Now, unfortunately for them, combat is a lot different. Nothing goes the way it's supposed to go. The bullets don't get delivered on time. The enemy has a vote on the way things are going to unfold and you end up in combat in being in very chaotic situations.

So the type of person that thrives in combat has a more open mind, has a more flexible mind, is paying more attention to the input that they're receiving. As opposed to someone with authoritarian mindset, they don't listen to anybody else. They make up their own mind, they bark orders.

With someone that has a more open mindset, they're listening, they're taking input, they're evolving their plan. And those type of people excel in a combat situation. Now, unfortunately, and this is sort of the stereotype too, you take that dog of war and you put him back into a garrison environment, he doesn't do well, right?

He's not showing up on time for the inspection. He doesn't have his, he didn't get his hair cut. He doesn't have his weapon clean the way it's supposed to be cleaned 'cause he's got his weapon ready for combat, not ready for inspection. And so you get this, there are these two different types of people.

And of course, with those two different types of people, there's degrees going one direction or the other. But what you hope for is someone that can play the game on the garrison side. And yet when it comes time to go into combat, they can also open their mind, be flexible, be creative.

And that's what you really want is you want someone that is very good at solving problems. And to do that, you need to have a creative open mind to figure out how we're gonna deal with something. So I think that's a stereotype. The stereotype is that everyone in the military is sort of robotic and falling into the hierarchy and we bark orders and people follow orders.

And that's just not true. There is an element of truth to it, but it's not the whole truth. And certainly if you look at history, the people that excel in combat are the people that maybe have a little bit of a rebellious streak, people that are just more creative and more open-minded.

- Some of my friends from the SEAL teams will sometimes throw out stereotypes about the different divisions in the military. Is there any truth to this idea that, you know, Air Force types are one way and Marines are one way and Navy is one way, Army is a certain way, like sort of a general contour of personality, or is that just kind of inside ball joking around?

- It's a little bit of both. I mean, certainly the Marine Corps is steeped in tradition. And if you make a guess at what a Marine, when you meet or if you had to guess what a Marine is gonna be like, you're probably gonna be pretty close. I mean, Marines have a incredible program to indoctrinate their people into the culture of the Marine Corps.

And the Marine Corps has an incredibly strong culture. It's a powerful culture. I love the Marine Corps. I've worked with the Marine Corps a ton and they're outstanding. As a generality, certainly you could make those assumptions about the Marines in general. Now, does that mean that every Marine is the same?

No, absolutely not. Same thing with the Army, same thing with the Air Force, same thing with the Navy. You've got these kinds of stereotypes that exist for a reason. You know, it's interesting too. It's one of my friends named Ben Milligan wrote an incredible book called "By Water Beneath the Walls," which I've given him a huge hassle about because it's the worst title of all time.

But it's certainly the best book written about the SEAL team's history and where the SEAL teams came from. And it's interesting, it's something that I had heard from a SEAL officer that had given a speech years ago to his change of command. And what he said was, "Hey, listen, he was trying to emphasize "why the SEAL teams were good." And one of the things he said was, you know, in the Army, and he was talking historically, he goes, "Hey, in the Army, if you start to lose a battle, "you can just retreat and run away." In the Navy, traditionally, we're fighting on board a ship.

And if that ship, if we can't run away, we're fighting, and if we lose, we die. So SEALs can't quit. It was sort of this, you know, a little over the top expression. But when you take that a little bit further, when you look at the history of the Navy, if you're, you know, if we were in the Navy 150 years ago, you would have to go on deployment.

You would take your ship, and you would sail somewhere, and you wouldn't be able to talk to me anymore. So you would have to understand what it is you were trying to accomplish, and then just go out there and make it happen. That's decentralized command. And that's something that exists in the SEAL teams without question, very decentralized command.

And that's one of the absolute strengths of the SEAL teams is you've got leaders at every level inside the organization that if they don't know exactly, if they're not told what to do, they're gonna go, okay, I haven't been told what to do, but I'm gonna go figure it out.

And that's one of the strengths of the SEAL teams. We also, we have more doctrine now, but when I came in the SEAL teams, there was no doctrine. It was all word of mouth. And so the Army and the Marine Corps, if you have to conduct an ambush, you can pull out a manual, and you can look up how to conduct an ambush, platoon ambush, how to conduct it, and it's all written very clear, and they're great documents.

It's the FM 7 TAC 8, infantry platoon and squad, I think is the Army doctrine. - I can see little neurons in your hippocampus firing and see that it's embedded in there forever. - And it's a great manual. And you can pull that thing out, and you have a place to start from.

In the SEAL teams, we didn't have that at all. So you would hear from your platoon chief, this is how you conduct an ambush. And he had heard it from his platoon chief, who heard it from his platoon chief, who heard it from his platoon chief, and that platoon chief was in Vietnam.

So it's getting passed down, but you can make adjustments to it, and you can alter the plan a little bit, because hey, the terrain is different, or hey, the night vision we now have. So there's changes that we can make, because there's no doctrine. So not having any doctrine in many ways is a strength.

Also, it can be a weakness, because if you've got a new platoon commander that's never done an ambush before, and he has no idea what he's doing, and his platoon chief has been out of the loop for a long time, and he doesn't know what he's doing, there's no way, there's no reference.

So there's strengths and weaknesses, just like any characteristic, right? Everybody's characteristic, you've got strength, and you've got weaknesses, and your weaknesses can be strength, and your strength can be weaknesses. To get back to your original question, are there stereotypes inside of each of the military branches? Sure, but are there outliers in each of the military branches?

There are absolutely, and that's why you can't judge a book by its cover. For people listening to this who are not in the military, maybe have some military lineage in their family or not, but who want to understand a little bit better about how structure and lack of structure can both support being effective in life, in relationships, in daily life, in fitness, in business, in school, I think those are the big domains, in creative endeavors.

I think it would be useful for them to understand a little bit about how you in particular balance discipline and structure with, dare I say, lack of discipline and structure. - Well, you could actually just say the word freedom, right? 'Cause that's what it turns into. - Or maybe even play.

I bring this up in part because I've seen some posts that you put up of you playing the guitar with friends or music, one of them was a tribute to someone who either was killed in combat or had passed away. So these moments of connection between people sometimes are working together, but sometimes are in relaxation and play and these kinds of things.

And I think it was a really important post for people to see that while Jocko Willink kicks back with a guitar, not trying to take over stages, maybe you are, maybe you have a plan, if anyone could do it, you'd probably be the one. But what is the balance for you in terms of structure and lack of structure?

And I'm not gonna ask for your daily routine. We know that you get up early, you train, but I do have some specific questions that I think would be helpful in putting some meat on the notions about you. And again, this isn't to pick into your life, but more to grab, well, it's to pick into your life.

So a question I asked you in the lobby, 'cause it's one that having seen your content for a long time and really benefited from it, I was curious, you get up early at about 4.30, you train every morning, how long do you train for? And is there any global structure to that?

And of course, everyone needs different programs, but is it like weight training one day, cardio training the next day, are you combining them? Is it always an hour? Is it always half an hour? I think people would benefit from getting a little bit more understanding of what that looks like for you with the caveat that everyone has different needs, levels of background, et cetera.

But I'm intensely curious about this and I'm certain I'm not the only one. - So do you wanna talk about weightlifting or rock and roll on the guitar? - I wanna talk about, let's talk about the most structured first part of your day and then let's talk about the least structured part of your day, at least the part that you can share with the world.

- Yeah, waking up early and I'm gonna work out and depending on what's going on that day, if I have an early flight, I might work out for eight minutes, right? I might go in and do 2000 meters on the roller, get a sweat going, hard as I can and then I'm done and 'cause I gotta go catch a flight.

So that could be happening. Maybe I'm supposed to go surfing in the morning, I wake up, the waves are terrible and so now I've got nothing to do. I planned out to be surfing for two or three hours and now I'm not gonna go surfing. So I'm gonna go lift and I'm gonna go play in the gym and do a bunch of stuff.

I'm gonna spend two or three hours in there. I love doing that. So the workout could be anywhere between, what I just say, eight minutes and three hours and it could be anything in between. I fully enjoy the physical aspect of working out. So if I have more time to spend in the gym, I'll spend it.

I remember my dad saying at one point, "If I retired, I wouldn't know what to do." And I was thinking to myself, are you serious right now? If I didn't have anything to do, I'd spend six hours a day in the gym, I'd spend four hours doing jiu-jitsu. Like I could fill my day, I could fill every day with just physical activity, things that I just like doing.

But that's, so wake up early, get a sweat going and do I lift? Yes. Do I do cardio? Yes. Do I run? Yes. Do I sprint? Yes. Do I lift heavy weights? Yes. Do I swing kettlebells? Yes. Do I do anything and I enjoy all of it and I'm not really good at any of it.

You know, I'm not really good at any one aspect of physical activity. I'm, there's people that are infinitely better at me in every aspect of, and I'm not just talking about, oh, this guy's a world-class lift. No, there's like a guy named Fred down at the gym that can deadlift more than me.

There was a guy, when I was at SEAL team too, there was a guy who was probably five, seven, and he looked kind of chubby. And he was older than me and he could run faster than me and he could bench more than me. Those guys are out there.

It was just so bothersome. Yeah, they're out there. They got some engine in there related to something. I mean, I do think there are genetic differences in terms of people's resilience and workout, but even just grip strength is highly, highly subjected to like genetic influences, maximum grip strength. But of course there's a huge range in what people can develop.

But I guarantee your grip strength is greater than mine. People ask me this all the time, who would win an arm wrestling between you and Jocko? I'm like, Jocko. Who would win it? Jocko? - You know there's a lot of technique in arm wrestling. - I have to imagine they're putting their body behind it.

They're putting their back in. - It's not just that. Like there is legitimate technique in arm wrestling. - There's hope for me yet. - Yeah, there's no, like if we could bring a female arm wrestler in here that knows how to arm wrestle, because I don't know how to arm wrestle either, and she would be both of us.

Because there's a lot more technique in arm wrestling than you know, than most people recognize. There's all these little games that are going on. There's all this little arm position that you get. So just like everything else, it's technique. There's a lot of technique in arm wrestling. - That's good to know.

I didn't know that about arm wrestling. I think we all start off with some genetic predispositions, both good and bad for different things. And then there's, as far as we know, there's a huge range based through neuroplasticity and muscle adaptation, et cetera, in what we can obtain. So I never want genetic predisposition to serve as a barrier.

No one knows also what the upper limits of any of these things are. And some of the best examples we know from sport and certainly from academia are people who knew they were at a disadvantage and just worked 10 times harder than everybody else because they had an ax to grind with their genetic disadvantage, which is really cool at the face of it.

I'd like to take a quick break and acknowledge one of our sponsors, Athletic Greens. Athletic Greens, now called AG1, is a vitamin mineral probiotic drink that covers all of your foundational nutritional needs. I've been taking Athletic Greens since 2012, so I'm delighted that they're sponsoring the podcast. The reason I started taking Athletic Greens and the reason I still take Athletic Greens once or usually twice a day is that it gets to be the probiotics that I need for gut health.

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Again, that's athleticgreens.com/huberman to get the five free travel packs and the year's supply of vitamin D3K2. So you get the training and do track your training in a detailed way? Are you keeping track of lifts and- - So I write down what I do and I'll write down, I write down what I do every day.

And that way I can go back and say, you know, what was I doing back then? 'Cause I might go through some phase where I'm trying to do more pull-ups or I'm trying to deadlift more and I'm trying, or whatever the thing is, I'll go back into, 'cause I got bored of deadlifting after a while.

Let's face it, if you just want to be a good deadlifter, you're not going to be that fast, right? You're going to be slow on long runs. So you don't want to go too deep into deadlifting. And you also don't want to be so good at long runs that you can't deadlift a good amount of weight.

So I got to go through phases and I'll get into something for a while and I'll get into something else. So I do log down what I'm doing. So I can look back and say, oh, dang, you know, I'm not even close to as strong as I used to be, need to get back to that.

I'm fascinated by the concept of energy. I think it's one of the most interesting aspects in all of biology, all of psychology, and all of life. And when I say energy, I mean the distinction between being back on your heels, flat-footed or forward center of mass, you know? And I get the impression, and I think everyone gets the impression that you're somebody with a lot of energy.

And I wonder whether or not you wake up with a lot of energy and you feel like you have to burn it off with this physical activity and work and other demands in your life, or do you find that you wake up and your energy is kind of neutral and exercise and physical activity gives you energy?

'Cause I think this is one of the key things out there, I think, that acts as a barrier for people doing more with their body because maybe they don't want to tire themselves out or maybe they don't feel like they have enough energy to begin with. It also feeds into this idea that, oh, you know, some people just have a lot of energy.

They're really physical and other people aren't. So let's just say on most days, do you wake up feeling like you want to burn off energy, build energy? What does exercise mean to you? And then maybe we can talk about some of the underlying stuff going on there 'cause I think we both might find it interesting.

- I would say it's both, right? There's no way I could sit here and say, oh yeah, every day that alarm clock goes off and I'm like, oh yeah, let's rock and roll. Certainly that's not the case. It's also certainly not the case that every day I'm like, oh God, not again.

No, I'd say most of the time the alarm clock goes off and I don't think a bunch. Like when my alarm clock goes off, I don't think a bunch. I don't debate with myself. I'm not negotiating. I just, the thing goes off and I'm doing what I'm supposed to do.

Sort of robotic. Now this much I can say, when you go and work out, you're going to feel better. You will get energy from working out. That is a guarantee. If you go work out, you're going to feel better. If you go break a sweat, you're going to feel better.

You're going to get more energy from it. And look, you got to go really, really hard to where now you feel more tired when you're done. And even that, I mean, you got to go psycho. I'll do that occasionally, but I don't do that on a daily basis. You know, at the end of a day, if I wake up, lift, run, surf, and then I do jujitsu in the afternoon, like at the end of that day, I'm tired.

And I feel tired. But normal day, working out just makes you feel better. It definitely gives me energy, I should say, 'cause I guess I'm not everybody. - Yeah, I think it's a very important point because one of the things that we are learning from circadian biology, you know, time of day effects and sunlight and all that stuff that we talk about in our podcast, that you've done intuitively, right?

This is what we kind of arrived to. - Yeah, it was kind of crazy. - Last time we had a conversation is that so many of the things that science is telling us to do and that we emphasize on the podcast, this podcast you've been doing, or are built into military schedules, and one of them is this notion of waking up early and getting physical early in the day.

And I suppose if we were to just throw one blanket rule on the table to encompass the broadest number of themes, it's that once every 24 hours, we each and all get a big increase in this release of the hormone cortisol, which everyone says, "Oh, cortisol, it's terrible. You know, he's going to burn you out, adrenal burnout, all that stuff." But it's a non-negotiable peak.

And you want it to arrive early in the day and viewing sunlight, physical activity, caffeine, and in particular, intense exercise, all amplify that cortisol peak. In fact, I think the numbers I'm seeing is just sunlight viewing gives you a 50% increase in that cortisol. Exercise on top of that, another 50 to 75% increase.

So this huge release in this hormone that everyone thinks is terrible, but actually sets this huge wave in motion for the rest of the day, which gives you more energy, higher levels of immune function, more focus, et cetera. And does indeed, as you mentioned in your example of your daily life, sets a timer so that about 14 to 16 hours later, you're sleepy, which is what you want, 14 to 16 hours later, unless of course you're running vampire shifts in the military or you're on shift work, but most people aren't, of course.

So I think the idea that movement and exercise gives us energy, I think is an important idea. And it's something that I was, frankly, I was hoping your answer would be that, as opposed to that, you know, you wake up every day and you just want to just attack the world because you have so much energy getting out of bed because frankly, I never feel that way.

But I always feel better after I train, always. And of course, there are times when I crash in the early afternoon if I train really, really hard, but usually that's when I over caffeinate to an outrageous degree. And then I don't nourish after, or I over nourish. So this is the other thing that eating the whole rest and digesting the digest word in there is meant to, it's there for a reason, which is that when we eat a really big meal, we actually need to slow down.

So I hate to get into daily schedules at the level of nitpicking and nutrition is about the most controversial topic on the internet. But do you nourish after you train? And if you do, do you do it to the point where you're kind of like, okay, I'm mostly full or I'm full, are you trying to really nourish yourself?

Or do you find that eating slows you down? - I find that eating slows me down. And I would say, again, it's weird how some of this stuff is like, the main reason I got in the habit of waking up early and working out is 'cause if you do it before anyone else is awake, then they can't bother you and you can get stuff done, right?

You go to the SEAL team and you get there before anyone else is there, no one can say, hey, can you help us with this? Hey, no one sent you an email. So you get that time, you get it done and it's yours, right? I remember when you were on my podcast and I don't wear sunglasses when I run in the morning because I sweat and it fills my sunglasses.

It's not because I wanna let the UV light into my eyes, that's not why. - Cortisol boost. - Right, it's not for the cortisol. I didn't know that, it's cool that I know it now, but I just did it because I don't like sweat and my sunglasses can't see, so I just run without 'em and put a hat on.

As far as eating, I don't like to do physically active things with food in my stomach, that's just the way it is. - Yeah, me either. - And so I don't wanna, and what really keeps that in line for me is I'm doing jiu-jitsu in the afternoon and so if I'm eating a big lunch, by the time the afternoon rolls around, I'm kinda, I got food in my gut and I just don't like that feeling.

So no, I don't eat a big meal until I'm kinda done with the physical stuff for the day, which is usually at night, six, seven o'clock at night, which I guess there's some bad things about that. I eat too late. - Well, the data say, if you're, yeah, we could go down a rabbit hole with this and then someone's gonna pull up some little clinical study and then another one that counters that.

I mean, I think the data essentially say that having a regular meal schedule that allows you to sleep well at night, whatever that means for you, and that allows you to be active and focused when you need to be active and focused, that's the ideal schedule. - I, when I'm working with clients, like so I have a leadership consulting company, Echelon Front, when I'm going to work with a client, I'm not eating, 'cause they're gonna be asking me questions, we're gonna be diving into what's happening inside their business, like there's a lot of stuff going on, it's a lot of cognitive work.

So I'm not eating before a podcast, I'm not eating before a podcast. Before I'm recording a podcast, I'm not eating, 'cause I don't wanna have a bunch of food in my stomach, I wanna, you get a certain level of mental clarity when you haven't eaten a bunch of food.

So going out on missions, I never would eat before I go out on a mission. I would eat when I come home. You get home four o'clock in the morning, three o'clock in the morning from doing operation, cool, then I'll eat. 'Cause then I'm gonna do a debrief for 15 minutes, clean weapons, and then eat a big meal, go to sleep, cool.

Yeah, I don't wanna have food in my stomach when I've gotta perform or execute anything. So again, I think that's just kind of a fluke that I ended up living like that, but that's kinda how I live. - It's a fortunate fluke for all of us, because so much of what you embody and what you do, I think, centers around this idea of discipline, of course, but also energy.

It's the intuitive sense I get about why people are so drawn to your messaging and what you do and how you do it. Energy, we know, of course, is caloric energy. I think that's what most people default to. They go, oh, how many calories are energy and how many calories in that?

And you need calories to fuel things. But the energy that you're describing, I think, is the one that, well, it really maps to Eastern traditions more directly, the whole yin and yang thing, yin and yang, I always get that wrong, which is the notion of neural energy. And so there's a particular cluster of chemicals in us, it has a fancy name called the catecholamines, but that's dopamine, epinephrine, which is adrenaline, and norepinephrine.

And then you've got cortisol. And those four hang out together and basically give us enough energy to run our brain and body for 50 days, 50 days. So the idea that you have to eat before you train, sure, for some people that might work better than others, but I think what people don't realize is that anytime we're taking in caloric energy, it takes neural energy in order to digest that and put it into storage.

And so the way you describe your day of, yeah, I also don't eat before I train, I like to hydrate and caffeinate. I have been drinking these before I train. I have to limit myself to two before, 'cause otherwise I'm like picking up, I'm already quaking a little bit at the second one, but I have a pretty high caffeine tolerance.

So I like to train fasted also, and then I find it gives me energy. But then the moment that I eat a meal that's a little too large, all of a sudden I'm out of energy and what's the deal? This calories are energy, right? You're supposed to have energy in order to think and move.

And I think a lot of the world has this backwards, and this isn't a push for intermittent fasting or any particular style of eating, really. I don't care if people are carnivore or vegan, doesn't matter to me, whatever works. I happen to be an omnivore. But I think once people understand the energy to do things is neural, and yet of course it relies on having glycogen and all this stuff around, but neural energy is what it's really about.

Then your schedule and the way you function and the way you describe your schedule really makes a ton of sense. So you described getting up and lifting, running, surfing and jujitsu in the same day. So on a day like that, you're hydrating, correct? - Oh yeah, definitely. - Yeah, 'cause that's vital.

And I know in the teams, in the SEAL teams, there's a lot of discussion about hydration as important, even though you guys I know are supposed to be able to eat sand and survive on sunlight and dirt and drink your own blood. - Not me. - Hydration's taken seriously, right?

- Yeah, and different people need different amount of hydration. And I unfortunately was one of, I always needed to bring a lot of water in the field, which sucked 'cause water's heavy. And I have friends, one of my friends, Tony, BTF Tony, he'd go in the field with like a can of Copenhagen and coffee in his canteen and go like three straight days.

- He's like a desert turtle. - He's a desert rat, man. He could just survive. And I would always have to bring a ton of water. And I sweat a ton when I work out or when I'm doing anything that requires physical output, I sweat a ton. So I have to drink a lot of water for sure.

But not everyone's the same, you know? - Yeah, I think if most people focused more on hydration and movement, they would find they have two, I'm gonna venture a guess here, this is not a scientific study, but two to four times more energy than if they focused on caloric energy and what to eat.

- Yeah, and I think the cool thing about this, you're using the term energy. And what's cool about this is you or I, I create energy, right? I create energy by, like I said, by going and lifting in the morning, by going and doing burp. You go do burpees, you go do a hundred burpees, like you're creating energy.

You're gonna be tired, you're gonna be sweating, but you just created energy. So that stuff is totally true. I'm glad there's neuroscience to back it up. - Yeah, I'm actually thinking about devoting some of my lab to this. You know, one of the best examples, another familiar territory for you is cold water.

You know, nowadays there's a lot about ice baths and cold baths and showers and all that. And I always like to just say, listen, it's all just a reliable source of inducing adrenaline release. And you get out of a cold shower, you have more energy, and that energy couldn't have been caloric energy.

It's adrenaline. And I, you know, again, it's fair to say I'm obsessed by the ideas of identity, which is a little bit how we started off, and I wanna get back to it, and energy. I feel like identity and energy can account for 75% of what it is to, you know, live a good life if you can master those, because then it all seems to fall into bins.

It's like, of course you need sleep, why? Well, to restore your neural energy, right? At some point you just fade out of neural energy if you don't sleep. So sleep then falls into a particular bin with a particular purpose. And then exercise becomes not a way to like burn energy, but as you said, to create energy.

And we actually are starting to understand why this is. If you'll indulge me for a second on some neuroscience, we didn't talk about this last time. We have neural circuits that control deliberate action. We have neural circuits that control deliberate actions that we forget that we're doing, like walking.

And then we have neural circuits which are called central pattern generators. And these are the neural circuits that love to just work on their own, and in the background, just kind of hum in the background and take care of all the stuff like heartbeat breathing and movement that is repetitive.

Like if you're just marching and you don't have to adjust your cadence much, or maybe you're hiking even, and step in this rock, that rock. Once those central pattern generators get going, it's very automatic. And we know that once those central pattern generators get going, there's the release of those catecholamines, those three or four molecules that then feed all the other neural systems.

They're called neuromodulators for a reason 'cause they set the gain higher. So then you go out for a run or a jog or a hike or something, or you pedal or you row, and then your whole system is at a higher RPM. So when you say create energy, neuroscientists are starting to understand what that is, repetitive movement that allows you to forget the motor commands that are required to generate that movement.

You might think about your row stroke or something like that, but you can do it without thinking much. You come off of that and you now are set at a higher RPM to do more deliberate stuff. And none of this, again, involved like eating enough carbohydrates or making sure you had enough ketones or enough protein.

It's like you got plenty of that stuff provided you nourish at some point every 24 hours or so. So I think we know a little bit about the science behind Jocko Willink's schedule now, but I will ask this. Are there certain forms of exercise like weightlifting versus cardio that you find give you an especially big boost in what we're calling energy?

And here, this could be cognitive energy, it could be physical energy, but a readiness for the next thing. - Yeah, first I got to back you up on this. I love backing up your science. So do you ever rock march, like put on a heavyweight and rock? - Sorry to interrupt.

Yeah, Peter Attia got me into this. He got me into doing a long Sunday, instead of a long Sunday run, throwing on a lightweight vest or a rock and going out for like three hours. And the first 20 minutes I find I always want to go faster and get it over with.

But then I've learned that the real pain in it sets in around an hour. And then the beauty sets in around 90 minutes where you're like, I could do this all day, all night, and I never want to stop. - See, that's when you were describing how these chemicals get released and once you're in that automatic mode.

'Cause in the SEAL teams, you're doing maritime operations for a month and then you're going to do some kill house shooting. And so you're not carrying a bunch of weight. And then you go out to the desert and now you're putting on 80 pounds and you're going on like day one and you get out there, you're going on an 80 pound ruck march.

And the first freaking 17 minutes, the first 23 minutes just suck. They just suck. And what was beautiful was by the time I was, you know, 23, 24 years old, I'm like, oh yeah, this is going to suck for 17 minutes. And then it's going to be, I'm going to be a robot and it doesn't matter anymore.

I can just keep going forever. So it sounds like what you're saying is what I experienced my, basically my whole adult life. There's going to be a little break in period mentally where you think this totally sucks and then you just can keep going for a really, really long time.

And it's not that big of a deal. To your question of, is there any form of exercise that gives me that energy boost? I would have to say like the high intensity sort of anaerobic blast, you know, whether it's on the bike or on the rower or, you know, swinging a kettlebell hard, something like that, that last 10, 15 minutes, that's a really good way to, you know, peak my mentality for the day.

- Do you do the cold water thing? I mean, you certainly did a lot of it in buds. I mean, do you force yourself into cold water? - I have a cold bath in my house and I get in every day. - How long are you spending in there?

- Usually around five minutes, five minutes. - Before you train or after you train? - No, after. So this is something I haven't played with yet. And for me, I'm like, I'm like such a, I don't like to make a bunch of effort for something. So for me, going downstairs, getting in the ice tub, and I guess you only need to do it in the, before you work out, you only go a minute, right?

- Do a minute to three. Joe and I have been texting back and forth about this. There's a lab at Stanford, Craig Heller's lab, that works on cold and performance. And the athletes at Stanford, mainly the cross country team and the football players are doing cold before their training because of the huge increase, huge long lasting increase in dopamine and adrenaline that's caused by that.

They're finding it increases performance, mainly by waking people up and getting them, it creates energy basically. And students, you know, everyone thinks they're like, oh, athletes are all super motivated. This is no pick against Stanford athletes in particular. A lot of athletes are excellent at what they do because they're very lazy when they're not training.

This is true, not all athletes, but a lot of athletes are. And so they're really good at resting and recovering so they can train more. But a lot of athletes have a hard time getting into gear to train every day. And the cold is a great stimulus, right? It's like a four shot of espresso kind of stimulus without all the jitters.

- I think maybe going in there for a minute would be cool before a workout. I will say this. So I had like a long workout and it was a Saturday, which means on Saturday I do jiu-jitsu kind of in the morning around 10 o'clock. And I had like a long workout, went for a long run.

It was hot and I just got in the ice bath and I sat in there for like seven minutes, like the deep chill. I got out and then I went right to jiu-jitsu and I felt awful. I felt absolutely awful, like tight cold. And it took me an extra three rounds to get warmed up again.

So that kind of left a bad taste in my mouth for pre-work icing. But I'm gonna try this short 'cause I was talking to another friend of mine. They're like, oh no, only go a minute before. Maybe I'll give that a try. - If it's really cold, 30 seconds to a minute is gonna get you this big release in adrenaline and dopamine.

- Actually one time I did try the chamber that blasts cold air on you. - The cryo. - Yeah, the cryo. And I did that for like a minute or whatever. And that did make me feel pre-workout pretty good. - Yeah, I think that the whole notion of cold for metabolism, people say, well, it's not that big of an increase in metabolism.

Look, as far as I'm concerned, the main function of the cold for most people is going to be the discipline of doing it, the sense of resilience that you can build up over time, just being familiar with having an adrenaline in your system. And then the fact that the dopamine increases are huge and long lasting.

I mean, they're like 2.5 X increases. There's a colleague of mine at Stanford, Anna Lemke, who runs our dual diagnosis addiction clinic. She had a patient getting off cocaine addiction who decided to use cold ice baths as a way to kind of assist himself along the way. You know, he wasn't getting dopamine from cocaine anymore.

So he decided to get it from the ice bath. The difference is cocaine gives you these sharp increases and then decreases that drop you way below baseline. So what do people do if they go seek more cocaine? It's really pernicious that way. Whereas the ice bath and cold showers will give this long arc lasting two to three hours or more.

And that's really something to treasure. You know, the idea that you can basically save on your heating bill, you know, give yourself this huge dopamine increase. And I think everything points to the fact that it's healthy and good. But I mean, obviously it's working for you to do it after your training.

I think all the gym rats who want more hypertrophy, you're trying to get an extra, you know, eighth of an inch on their tricep or whatever. They freak out 'cause they hear that it can inhibit hypertrophy. And then for whatever reason, there's this- - So am I doing it wrong?

- Well, I mean, yeah, clearly you're doing it right now. No, I don't think your hypertrophy is suffering. I actually am of the mind that if you're training really hard, sure, getting in the cold afterwards might blunt some hypertrophy. That is what the data tell us. Andy Galpin's kind of the expert on that literature.

But frankly, I don't know anyone that trains really hard with the weights and then gets into the cold that looks like they're suffering from hypertrophy. I know a lot of people, however, who love to point fingers at and poke at cold exposure. This seems to be a big thing on social media.

People who don't like the cold love to point out the studies showing that the cold screws up everything. And most of them look like they need a few sets in the gym to me. And you know, and I feel comfortable poking at them 'cause I feel like all of these are just tools, right?

And in any case, I'm a big fan of deliberate cold exposure, mostly for the neural effects. Again, I'm obsessing over this concept of energy. And it's something that I can't help but ask is the cognitive side of this and the kind of the effects of winning and losing. So you obviously have a lot of deployments and a lot of wins, whatever in the context that meant, right?

Kill the target, capture the hostage, et cetera. And then, as is the case with war, there have been some cases of losses, right? You've lost people. Maybe there were targets that weren't accomplished, right? This kind of thing. And you've posted about these and these are always, you know, things that are hard to see, but I think it's really important that you post about people that you've lost, right?

Because first of all, these people served, but second of all, that things don't always work out the way that we wanted sometimes to really catastrophic consequences. There's a theory in biology that when we win, we somehow get more energy to win more through the release of, no surprise, dopamine and some related molecules.

And in fact, testosterone in both men and women is another close cousin of the dopamine system. They're actually released from the same general, or the patterns of release are from the same general areas in the brain, believe it or not, and body. But when we win, we feel like we can keep going, right?

You look at the team that wins and it's like, they'll play another game. The Super Bowl winners, imagine they're jumping up and down and they could probably play another Super Bowl. Losing, we know, sure can drop things like testosterone and dopamine for some period of time, but when you were in the teams, what was your observation about how winning and losing would impact people in the short and long term?

In other words, would you observe people that had a quick reset button and could just say, "That was terrible." And then transmute, I guess I'm getting into kind of the Eastern language now, convert that into energy to go do better the next time. Whereas we also see people, military and in the civilian world, that a loss, in particular severe losses, basically set them down the path of like less energy.

It certainly isn't less calories. In fact, most of the time it's the other way. They start consuming more calories and that doesn't get them going. So again, this notion of energy, and now I'm asking wins versus losses. What did you observe? And from the perspective of leadership, and maybe more importantly from the perspective of yourself, how do you work with that?

How do you calibrate wins and losses? How do you transmute losses into energy? Because wins we know convert to energy, but losses oftentimes can sap our energy way, way down. - I think to start with, I think that the selection process to get into the SEAL teams is going to weed out a bunch of people that can't recover very quickly from something bad.

So you probably heard these type of stories before. The kid that was the star of the football team, the star of the basketball team, the captain of this, the captain of that, he's been winning his whole life. He goes to Buds and he quits. Because in Buds, you're not gonna win.

You're certainly not gonna win everything. They're gonna find what you're not good at and they're gonna exploit that and you're gonna lose. This is what happens. So a lot of guys that may lose and it disrupts their motivation, they're probably just gonna quit. And so that's why you get this massive attrition rate with guys that are studs.

I mean, we're talking division one athletes, division one athlete, division one wrestlers, division one football players, division one runners and swimmers. They all come to Buds. They all quit, not all of them quit, but there's plenty of examples of the highest level of collegiate athlete in sports that translate very well to what you're doing in basic SEAL training and they quit.

And sometimes it's because they don't know how to lose. They don't know how to recover from a loss and they're just, so I think already and once you get to a SEAL team, you've got people that are generally speaking gonna be pretty resilient when it comes to dealing with a loss.

Not only that, I mean, you just get used to, you talk about losing people. You're friends with this guy. You meet this guy in SEAL training. Hey, this guy seems like a stud. Oh, he's just gonna quit. And you're gonna lose five, six, seven people, eight people. People quit so fast, you don't even keep track of them.

So you're just gonna lose. You're just gonna get used to it. So there's that. Now, once you're in the teams and what you're talking about is now you start taking much more significant loss. You're not losing a race, you're losing one of your friends. And this is what, from a leadership perspective, you have to pay attention to.

So when you're a leader in any organization, you're basically in charge of a mob. When it comes to what their morale is, they're a mob and they feed off of each other just like a mob rioting in the streets going, oh, we can break this window, let's break all the windows.

And they move this mob mentality. And that happens with morale inside of a team. And you as a leader can't get caught up with the mob. You can't let that happen. You have to detach yourself from the mob mentally so that you don't get caught up in their emotions and their morale because if you get caught up in their emotions and you get caught up in their morale, you can't correct it.

So we go out on a mission. The mission goes great. We get into a gunfight, kill a couple of bad guys. Everyone's okay, high fives, everyone's feeling great. You come back to base, hey, we don't need to debrief, that was perfect. Hey, we don't need to get our gear maintained.

We can just go to bed, we're awesome. That's when the leader has to say, oh, we've got the mob and the mob is becoming slightly arrogant. Hey guys, real quick, that was a good op, but there's some things we could improve on. You gotta bring that mob back and bring them back to center line.

Same thing in the other direction. You go out on an operation, it doesn't go well. You go out on an operation, you take casualties. Now you come back to base, you see guys moping around, you see the spirit starting to break and same thing. If you're part of that mob, you'll be with them.

Your morale will be breaking, your spirit will be breaking. You gotta look at them and say, oh, I see what's happening. Hey guys, listen up. That was tough, didn't go the way we wanted it to go. We need to learn some lessons. Here's some things I can do better.

What can we do better to make sure that that never happens again? What can we do to make sure we have the opportunity to go out and avenge our brother on the battlefield? What can we do to move this thing forward? So as a leader, when it comes to winning and losing, you're generally going to be the person countering what the mob mentality is.

'Cause when the mob starts winning, they wanna keep winning and they might get arrogant. When the mob is losing, they might start to lose more because their attitude goes down the drain. So that's what you have to pay attention to from a leadership perspective. For me personally, I think, I know what I did when I lost guys was focus on, all right, we need to celebrate the life.

We need to mourn the loss and then we need to go to work. We need to get our gear back on. We need to lock and load our weapons. We need to get back out there. I know that that's what we needed to do. So often, the best way to contend with problems, with issues, with adversity is action, is by taking action.

The more you sit and the more you wait and the more time you spend with that adversity, with the upper hand inside your head, the worse it's gonna get. So for me, always taking action, making something happen. It doesn't have to be huge. It doesn't have to be some mammoth triumph that you're gonna go and pursue.

But if you say, hey, listen, this is what happened. Didn't go the way we wanted it to. We're gonna get our gear back on. We're gonna go back out. We're gonna do this other mission. And that's what I think. I think taking action, and it's in your personal life too, something doesn't go the way you wanted it to go.

You didn't get the job you wanted. You didn't get the hire. You didn't get the promotion. You can go home and sit there and dwell on it. That's not getting you any progress. Or you say, okay, you know what? Let me do a quick analysis. Why didn't I get that promotion?

Oh, it's 'cause I didn't get this qualification or I hadn't jumped through this gate. Okay, cool. What do I need? Let me look into how do I get to jump through that gate so next time I will get the promotion and you start taking action. So action for me is a cure for a lot of problems that we have in life.

- I love this because the image that's arising in my mind, I'll share it with you and tell me where it agrees with and maybe violates what you're telling me. But what I was imagining when you were talking about leadership in the mob is a bunch of candles, but not wax candles.

These are oil candles. You're talking about a win. So it could be an op, go out and win. It could be a team. It could be an individual taking an exam and they get an A plus. So it doesn't matter. But they're riding high. I mean, those winds we know crank up those catecholamines and it's as if the intensity that flame starts going up as a consequence, that's natural, but the oil in the candle is continuing to burn down.

Like you need to celebrate winds, but you're burning that oil. And so what we're really talking about here is how to moderate and then reclaim energy. And I was imagining you as the leader who's like, okay guys, great, but listen, you're burning that oil. Right, that oil is what got you the win.

Let's not just clamp it like we can do a few fist bumps and maybe celebrate in some other ways, but then let's take the energy we got and put it to the next thing rather than just go crazy. Drugs of abuse, in particular, drugs that tap into the dopamine system, namely cocaine and amphetamine.

And just 'cause there's no way to avoid this if we're being true to the biology, the energy, the dopamine system was designed for foraging for all sorts of things. Food, so people that overindulge food or seek out food. Sex, people that overindulge in these things. Those things, and again, this sort of leans to Eastern philosophy a bit, but there's Western neuroscience or neuroscience, we should just say, to support it.

You start to deplete these dopamine systems. The baseline starts to drop. And so I'm imagining that the leader, you in this case, is saying like, listen, let's tone it down, use the energy that we've gained and put it to good use rather than just burn it up, enjoying it.

And then of course, after a loss when those, I sort of think of the candles going dimmer, but the oil reserve is still there. It's like, how do you start to tap back into the oil reserve? Well, you have to actually ramp the candle up again. You can't just sit there waiting for the intensity of the flame to come back.

You actually have to do something in order for that to happen. So maybe this isn't the best analogy 'cause it lacks sort of like exactly what is the person turning the intensity up and down on these candles, but that's what comes to mind. And in Eastern traditions, there's this idea of chi, of energy.

Energy to fight, energy to seek mates, energy to seek food, energy for sex, energy for all of it is the same energy. And I actually believe that the energy that they're referring to are these catecholamines. I really do. Now there are other energy systems too, relating to child rearing, pair bonding, oxytocin, all the kind of like fuzzy, warm stuff that's super important.

I mean, we wouldn't exist as a species the way we do if we didn't honor that energy system also. And that energy system that we normally think of as love, as opposed to forward center of mass, synergizes with this system, right? When you're working with and training with and people that you love, this could be your brothers, your sisters, whatever, your family, there is, I think there's an amplifying effect on this whole thing, right?

If it's just for more dopamine, just for more money, just for more wins, just for more trophies. I'll never forget this. As an aside, when I was a kid, I had this weird experience where Tony Hawk's dad rescued me from a skateboard contest in Linda Vista, the Linda Vista Boys Club.

Everyone else left. I was left there alone. I was 14 because of my home life at that time, et cetera. And he was like, "Where are you going?" And I'm like, "I'm gonna take the bus to Lancaster. I know this guy." And he was like, "No, no, you're coming to our house." I was like, "Okay." So he took me to Tony's house and I went into Tony's room that he had grown up in.

Tony lived in Fallbrook at that time. And the room wasn't filled with trophies. The room was trophies. And I remember just thinking like, "Holy cow." And when I think about that and I think about what a healthy person Tony turned out to be, 'cause I happened to be blessed to know him a little bit, it's amazing 'cause a lot of people that had those trophies, whatever domain of life, they converted all that into ways to just burn the oil down in their candle.

He's a guy who's still going in his 50s, right? So, hey man, that's a little aside story, but I think this notion of energy to me is so important because as you said, when we move toward action and we complete something, the oil in that candle starts to get replenished and the flame burns hotter.

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If you'd like to try Inside Tracker, you can visit insidetracker.com/huberman and get 20% off any of Inside Tracker's plans. That's insidetracker.com/huberman to get 20% off. - What you're talking about, and I'm very interested in this now, and I don't know if this has already been measured or not, but what essentially we're talking about is the confidence level, right?

So if I go out and win, I feel good about it. And let's say I'm doing a jiu-jitsu tournament and the first match I go out there and I submit the guy in 30, take him down, submit him in 30 seconds, I'm feeling good. I'm feeling like confident, right?

So what does that mean? My dopamine is up 'cause I got that victory. My testosterone is up 'cause I got that victory. My confidence is up 'cause I got that victory. Same thing, other direction. If I go out first match and I lose to somebody, my dopamine goes down, that chemical thing goes down, my confidence goes down.

And what I have to do is I have to learn how to maintain a level of confidence because if I get over, if I win that first match, win the second match, I'm gonna kill this next guy and I go out and I'm sloppy and I don't care. That's when I get caught.

If I get total, if I lack confidence, I go out there and there's nothing I'm able to do to beat this guy that's gonna be horrible. Of course, I'm gonna get smashed. So it's a similar thing that we're talking about. I just wonder how much if you start measuring, 'cause they say, hey, if you win, your testosterone goes up, right?

And then if you win more, your testosterone goes up high, your dopamine goes up high, your confidence is going up. But you can get to a point where your confidence is too high and now you're getting sloppy and now you don't care. And you mentioned cocaine. You see like videos of people that are all coked up and they, hey, I can do this.

They think they can do everything. - All possibility. - They're overconfident, right? They're over, they think they can kick your ass, I'll fight. That's like too much dopamine, too much ego, too much confidence. The other side of the spectrum is someone that's on some kind of downer drug and they don't feel like they can do anything.

They're lethargic, their confidence is low and they're just depressed. So there's an interesting tie in between dopamine, ego, confidence and probably testosterone that you get from winning and from losing. And once again, as a leader, from a leadership perspective, you can't get wrapped up in that. You can't get wrapped up in that.

You have to detach from it. You have to be able to take a step back. And then if you're good, even as a competitor, you'll say, oh yeah, that last match was easy, but I need to prepare for the next match. I can't bring overconfidence. Look, I don't want a lack of confidence.

It's a balance, right? It's that flame on the oil burning lamp that you're talking about. You want that steady flame. You don't want too much getting to burn out of control. You don't want too little, the flame will go out. - Yeah, earlier we talked about this notion that some of these older Hungarian psychologists had, which this notion of generators versus projectors.

And their idea was that people sort of divide into these different categories and the world needs both. It's not that one is better than the other, but the world absolutely needs both. And there is this idea now, based on some neuroscience and some other psychology that I've been kind of laving into, which is that generators know how to tap into the system and they love this system.

I think back to your story about being taken to shop for pants and it turns out to be a trip to shop for a number of different experiences for you, right? A really telling experience, having an action effect on the world and something coming back to you that still sits with you inside.

In fact, there's a dopamine circuit there still related to this young woman or then young woman at that time. Some people are generators and I think that they are more attuned to this dopamine system. And so as we're having this conversation, I'm guessing that about the estimate is that somewhere between 50 and 65% of people are going, yeah, I get it.

More workouts is going to give me more energy. I need to do more of that. I need to, when I'm back on my heels, I need to think about the things I can complete, et cetera. And then the other 45% or so, 35% might be saying, I don't really get it.

Now the idea is that the projectors can tap into these same circuits. Everyone has these catecholamine circuits, dopamine, et cetera but that they tend to be more of observers in the world and they like being partnered with and symbiotic with these people. Now this starts to take on kind of like stereotypical masculine feminine things but this exists on both sides, it really does.

There might be some biases, right? By biological sex, there may not be, right? We could argue that. It's probably an argument that'll get us into more trouble than to answers and it doesn't really matter. The point is that some people are perfectly happy to be in the company of people winning because they feel good to see other people winning.

They like to be a support staff. That's what makes them feel good. Other people would rather stick hot forks in their eyes than not be the person engaged in the activity. Maybe not every activity but the activity. So we're talking about the generators and the projectors. I think that in the context of moderating these systems, it's so key.

I mean, it's key to have a long arc in a career path, military science or otherwise. I think it's key in every domain of life and I think for me, one thing that I've learned both the hard way and I've also benefit from the positive experience of, I think in relationships, this could be romantic relationships but also friendships and in family, because there are generators and projectors almost always in those kind of symbiotic relationship, romantic couple or a family that some kids are more generators, some are more projectors just by something, who knows?

Maybe it's hardwired, maybe not. As the leader of your family, I'm gonna assume one of the two leaders but as a leader in your family, I'm not gonna make any assumptions here, as the leader of your family and also as a father in particular, how do you apply these same sorts of ideas when your kid is kind of down because it's hard to be a 14 year old or because it was a bad day or when they're up, right?

I think the up states are as interesting as the down states, like yes, like got the degree, got the win. How much do you let them celebrate before you're like, hey listen, you just got yourself another couple milliliters of oil in your candle, what are you gonna do with that?

You gonna burn it or are you gonna save it for the next thing so you can climb the staircase? - Well, clearly it's a very similar thing to what I just talked about. If your kid is doing well and wins the wrestling tournament and is like, yeah, I won the wrestling tournament and what do they wanna do?

They wanna eat a triple cheese pizza, right? I mean, they wanna go crazy and you as a leader and as a parent and as a friend need to say, hey man, I mean, you did good, that was awesome, you had a great day but let's start thinking a little bit about next week too, how about we just have a few slices of pizza, right, as a reward.

So this is the same in any situation that you could be in interacting with other human beings. You want to be the person that kind of modulates the confidence and the ego or the way you put it, the dopamine and the celebratory activities. So no matter who you are and this goes with yourself as well you do something, you have a success and you say, oh, that's great but all glory is fleeting and I need to get back to work.

And look, and do people go too far with that sometimes? Yes, absolutely, sometimes people they don't stop and celebrate at all and those are the kind of people I think they get burned out eventually because they never say, hey, that was awesome, we had a big win, cool, high five.

They don't even say that. So I think as a leader, as a friend, as a parent, as a spouse, you wanna be able to modulate that, help modulate that, don't shut it down. Your kid walks off the wrestling mat for a high five and you say, you could have won by more.

No, I'm not talking about that. Or your kid walks off the mat after losing, you say, you got what you deserve. No, you've gotta be the counter, the counterweight to the emotions that other people have. And I think that when you're doing a good job as a leader, as a friend, as a spouse or whatever, you're doing a good job as a counterweight.

I think that's a good way to look at it. You wanna provide some balance for people to make sure that they don't get out of control. And you notice when people have a downfall, it's normally because they've surrounded themselves with people that there's no counter to, there's no counterbalance.

If you were my best friend and I went out drinking last night and had a great time and partied all night and met a girl and you're like, heck yeah, let's do it again tonight. Eventually, where are we gonna be? We're gonna be in the gutter somewhere. But if you say, hey, dude, that was awesome, but hey, remember, we got school on Monday, right?

And you kinda pull me back. We gotta find balance in life and ourselves. And then we gotta, as much as we can, provide balance for other people because people are emotional and they get caught up in what they're doing and you wanna keep people balanced. - I think one of the reasons people are really drawn to your message, and I put myself in that category.

I remember 2014 was a very different picture for me. It doesn't really matter what the contour was, but things were working, but they weren't working the way I wanted them to. And I remember arriving at your content first through the Tim Ferriss podcast, then eventually the Jocko Willing podcast, Joe Rogan podcast.

Those were the big two ones that kinda introduced me to you and your content. And it was really a case of, at the time, I didn't have a lot of friends that were doing similar things to me or that matched my daily routines in a way that I could kinda synergize with in this way.

I think one reason why you are so helpful to people is that not everybody has these friends. You can have the friend that's like, "Let's go out and tie one on again." A lot of people don't even have that friend. Or they have a friend, but they're not really close with that person.

There's some ideas nowadays about like, 80% of males don't have a close friend that they could call. I don't know. I mean, I'm guessing girls and women feel the same too, that a lot of stuff is superficial. And there's a lot of communication, but not a lot of connection, right?

And so I think that you and a few other people in the, let's call it social media, public facing space, serve as archetypes of like, the friend that's gonna tell you when you're up, great, but let's clamp it after a while. Or that when you're down, let's get going, and here's how you get going.

And so I do wanna highlight that because I think it's really important. But one reason why people are drawn to your message and the message of some other people who are out there trying to do similar things, but you in particular, because yes, you have this military background, very intense military background, wartime background, but also you bring it into the daily routines that certainly apply to everybody.

You know, most everybody can access non-heated water, right? One would hope. There's another dimension to this that I want to just bring up and get your reflections on as it relates to military, work, school, relationship, family, et cetera, which is this somewhat counterintuitive idea, but then once you hear it, it makes perfect sense, which is that even though the catecholamines are responsible for drive and that that's what we're really about when we're forward center of mass and we have to control the level, the intensity of the candle and the level of the oil, and I don't know what those actually map to exactly.

We could probably figure it out if we really parsed it, but that's the idea here, the analogy. In a kind of surprising way, we know that for sure one way to restore levels of motivation, drive, enthusiasm, and to some degree confidence that things could be different is through deep rest, things like sleep, right?

When things are really, really hard, when kids are just like, they were like falling apart, you know, it's like you put them to sleep, they wake up and they're like delightful. They're like running around their pajamas when they're little and a teenager wakes up after a good night's sleep.

They might be a little like surly, but we're back, adults are like this. The world is falling apart. You go to sleep, wake up, okay, I might be able to manage this kind of mindset. So sleep, and then the other one is we know that play, the sort of the kind of physical activity or mental activity where it might be a little competitive, but the stakes are low.

And it's really more about connection with the activity or connection with somebody else. Like we're gonna play a game of whatever. You know, I won't play chess with Lex 'cause he'll kick my ass. I won't do jiu-jitsu with either of you 'cause you'll beat me up. Both of you, kindly, but you'll do it.

But you know, like if we were to play a game, it's just us, yeah, we might be a little competitive, but the stakes are low, right? We know that play and social connection and sleep are basically the reservoir or the location that you go to refill the oil and the candle every single time.

And so for you, where do those things play into your routine? You know, you mentioned you can go hard all day and then in the evening, is it dinner with family, typically if you're at home? And what does that look like? I know we're kind of parsing into, I don't wanna carve into your personal life too deeply.

Obviously there are boundaries there, but what does that look like? Is it everyone at the table phones away and you're talking about the day? Or is it, you know, yeah, share with us a little bit of what that looks like. 'Cause I think it is an important contour to what you're about and what we're talking about that most people just don't have a window into.

- Yeah, so first of all, I mean, just the refilling the tank with games. I mean, that's what jiu-jitsu is, right? You're gonna go and you're gonna have social connection with people. You're gonna talk to people that you know. You're gonna joke about whatever. Then you're gonna roll. You're gonna have a good time rolling.

You're gonna get a little sweat on. You're gonna feel good. Then you're gonna high five. Like there's huge, that's there. And your brain is kind of off, you know, when you're training jiu-jitsu at a certain level, you're not gonna be thinking anymore. Same thing with surfing. You go surfing and you catch a wave.

I mean, you're not thinking about, oh, I need to put my balance over here. No, it's happening and you're having a good time. So I would say that restoration for me comes from those two things for sure. And then, yeah, I mean, my wife and my kids, when I get home, my kids are older now.

And they're out of the house, except for one. And when I was in the Navy, when they were young, I wasn't around at all. You know, there wasn't any, like we would rarely have dinner together 'cause I was gone, coming home late. You're working all the time. You can never get all your work done.

I'm training jiu-jitsu. Like it was, we rarely ate dinner as a family when I was in the teams. And now when I'm home and we can eat together, for sure. You know, my daughter that's still at home, she's gonna, you know, we sit out there and eat dinner and talk about just normal things that people talk about.

Like, you know, how to conduct a night ambush or, no, I'm just kidding. Let's talk about normal, normal, you know, daily things and what's going on. And, you know, my daughter that's, she's 13 right now. And she talks to me about all kinds of stuff, you know? And it's awesome.

Yeah, I'm definitely enjoying that aspect of being around more than I was when I was in the teams. And I just, we didn't have dinner. We didn't happen. So I would take my kids to jiu-jitsu. I taught jiu-jitsu classes when I could when I was in the teams. Would do like workouts with them in the morning if I had time, on the weekends for sure.

Stuff like that with my kids. That's kind of what I did. But now, yeah, we, my wife is awesome. And she is a great cook now because when we first got married, it was questionable. I just was harassing her about this the other day. Like she, she got, she's an unbelievable cook now.

And it's awesome. And when we first met, by her own admission, she will tell you she was not, she's from England, right? And so they're just not cooking what we're liking. - No, the food over there, at least when I was growing up and the few times I made it over there, the food was pretty dreadful.

I mean, there were some exceptions to that, but, and they drank a lot over there. So I've been to some scientific meetings over there where they would start with like sherry in the afternoon and then beer after work. And it was outrageous. I mean, the amount of alcohol intake was just absurd.

Sorry, Brits. And again, I'm not trying to, I did an episode on alcohol. A lot of people were angry about that episode because it basically said, once you get past two drinks a week, you're starting to head into territory that can deplete your health. So you gotta do a lot of other things to offset it, but they drink a lot.

- Yeah, the Brits drink a lot. I have spent time over there with my father-in-law, my brother-in-law, and we definitely drank a lot. So I'm glad I don't live there and had to drink with them. I'm glad I don't have to drink with them all the time. I'd probably be dead.

- You were straight edge growing up, right? - Yeah, I mean, when I was a kid and then when I joined the Navy, I started drinking. That's like part of the culture that I bought into. And you don't like, I wanted to be a good seal and I'm looking around at the guys that were considered good seals.

- Oh. - So we're drinking. Okay, that's what we're doing. And that's what I did. I think my looking back now, I didn't really, I didn't think of it as a big deal at the time. I wasn't like, well, first of all, even when I was growing up and I didn't drink and didn't smoke, didn't do drugs, I wasn't like a guy putting an X on my hand, although my friends and I, we all didn't drink, didn't smoke.

So we definitely, look, I was listening to my input when I was a kid, I mean, I get it. But I wasn't a guy running around telling everyone I was straight edge, you know? But I was on that path for sure. And then when I got in the seal teams, it's like, okay, this is a different culture.

I'm not used to it. I didn't really even understand what drinking was. I mean, I'd never, I never had been drunk. So got in the seal teams, I was like, okay, well, you know, once I turned 21, okay, this is, hey, these guys, we're gonna have fun. And I kind of just, okay, that's what we're doing.

And then I drank a ton while I was in the seal teams. And then as I, man, I retired from the seal teams and went out, we basically went to every bar that we would normally go to as seals. I think we closed out the night at the pack shores in OB.

And went home that morning, I woke up the next morning, worked out, and then I just kind of stopped drinking because, and now I just definitely, I mean, now I just don't really drink anymore. So that's that. - Yeah, when I had my lab in San Diego for five years, that's where my lab started.

I definitely saw a lot of team guys in bars. You guys would come in and take over bars. These were literal takeovers. You basically, I wouldn't leave 'cause I wouldn't like give them the satisfaction or me the dissatisfaction, but it was a little frustrating. You know, you're in there, you're having a decent time, and then just this enormous pack of team guys comes in and sort of like, all right, maybe it's time to close out the night, you know?

Sometimes I was friends with enough of them that, you know, but if you're not really a part of it, you're not really a part of it. And I always knew that and understood that. One thing that I think really comes through now especially, but throughout our discussion and all the things I've seen of you, and it gets me back to this thing that came up at the beginning I'd really like to return to, is that you seem to have a very strong sense of context and self.

I'll just say it, I'm not a psychologist. I'm not here to play one, but you know, what you just described was that, okay, in one context, you know, it made sense to be straight edge. I mean, you mentioned Minor Threat, great band, straight edge band, but when it came time to, you know, you run around with your friends then and it made sense to be, you know, without alcohol or drugs or anything at that stage.

And then you get into another context. It's like, okay, I can do this. I can drink and still perform well and do all the things I need to do. And then when that closes out, I'm going to do something else. And some people are like that because they're kind of a chameleon, right?

They're switching themselves depending on the context and they're kind of getting accents when they're in one location or another, but that's not you at all. I can tell with certainty that's not you at all, that there seems to be a very strong sense of self so that when we have a sense of self that's firm, we can go into different contexts.

We can even change our behavior, but we don't lose who we are, which means we can always return to it. The image in my mind is like, I've done a little bit of scuba diving, not a lot, but during some of the more advanced training for us, sorry, this wasn't SEAL training, of course, was, you know, following a line in the dark, like a night dive, and you're following a line.

And, you know, sometimes you're navigating with tools, but sometimes you're following a line underwater. And this idea that like, you can let go of that line, but you remember where it is, you can return to it. And that's kind of how I imagine the sense of self because in different contexts, most healthy people modify themselves a little bit.

We act differently at a wedding or a funeral than we do in class or out, you know, with our friends. Of course, it's an important part of being a human, a functional human. So it seems to me that from a pretty early stage, you had a pretty good sense of self.

Now, I don't know if you sit in your room and meditate on like, who is Jocko Willink and like touch that, that central cord of self, I'm guessing you don't. But as I say this, I have to ask, was there something in your upbringing, your parents, or was it just kind of how you always imagined yourself as like, yeah, this is who I am.

Like, no matter what happens around me, like I kind of know who I am. Even if I'm engaging in some of the behaviors that I might not do in another concept, I know who I am. 'Cause I actually think that many people do not have a very firm sense of self or their sense of self is so rigid that they can only operate in this like narrow trench of one domain of life and they end up very, very isolated.

So I'd love for you to kind of share with us what your recollections are kind of like the first time you realized kind of like, yeah, like I'm good in a bunch of different places. I'm safe or I'm whatever. 'Cause I think this also relates to confidence. - You know, I'm glad you are giving me the benefit of the doubt on going in the teams and being like, oh, hey man, it looks like guys are drinking and I haven't really drank before.

And it seems like these guys are having a good time. Let's go have a good time with these guys. And that's kind of what I did, right? As far as, and you know, I look at it now and unfortunately for me, you know, I look at alcohol now as just, I've seen it destroy so many people that I've now kind of look at it and go, man, I don't think people should drink.

And look, I get it. I'm kind of an example. Like I used to drink and go out and have a good time and it wasn't that big of a deal. It didn't negatively impact me in some dramatic way. But I have so many friends that it is horrible for.

It is all but ruined their lives. And you know, it's totally legal, which is kind of bizarre. So I think that figuring that out when I look back and the culture in the SEAL teams was very, there was very alcohol centric. And part of that is because, you know, that you got like, it's just like a fraternity is alcohol centric or a football team is out.

'Cause you've got a bunch of young dudes that are gonna drink and have a good time. So it just sort of a young dude kind of thing. And unfortunately it ends up ruining a lot of people's lives and they make bad decisions and they do stupid things and it's just not good.

And I think the culture is moving away from that a little bit in the SEAL teams. You know, my alcohol brief used to say, you know, I used to tell my guys, if you go out, you get a DUI, you get put in jail for a fight, you get hurt because you're doing something drunk, you just did Al-Qaeda's job for them.

You just did Al-Qaeda's, they wanna take you off the battlefield and you just took yourself off the battlefield. You can't go on deployment now. And that would always hit guys. And I think that that's, you know, the SEAL teams kind of leaning in that direction more, realizing the negativity of alcohol.

I wish I would have realized that earlier. I wish I would have been a better leader and recognize that at an earlier stage and recognize that just because I was kind of getting away with it, meaning it didn't really, I didn't wake up in the morning going, man, I can't wait to get drunk.

I never really had that feeling. I wish I would have realized that there's other guys that do and you know, there's people that can operate and be functional and it doesn't really impact their lives, but there's a lot of people that don't. And I don't think it's worth the dice roll to start drinking.

I just don't think it's worth the dice roll. What do you get out of it? So I think that overall, that's why, if when I think about alcohol, I just think about all the lives that it's ruined and I don't like it. And I wish I would have done a better job of saying, you know what, this is probably not good and we shouldn't do this.

And unfortunately I didn't. And I try and convey that message as much as I can now. And it did bring me back to my roots because when I was a kid, it was like, alcohol is weak. And you look at these guys, they don't know what they're doing. They're acting like idiots.

I'm not going to be like that. And so, you know, as I got older, once I got all the SEAL teams, I kind of went back to that. As far as kind of where I became me, I just actually have to kind of give a lot of credit to the music that I grew up listening to and the attitude that we had back then.

Listening to hardcore music, being able to stand up against what other people were saying, which is what you're doing when you're in that scene and the whole DIY nature of it. Hey, we can just do this ourselves. We can just make this happen for ourselves. We don't need anybody else.

We can do this. And that hardcore attitude and sticking by your friends and standing up and getting in fights and like, that's what you're going to do. That's kind of my attitude. And I got interviewed for a documentary that they're making about Harley Flanagan and the Cro-Mags. And you know, when I was a kid, and actually through my whole life, like that was, that music is the soundtrack to my life.

And so I always would have that music running in my head. But to your question, I had something in me that when I heard that music for the first time, I was like, okay, here it is. You know, here it is. This is, you know, I hear the Beatles.

I hear the Grateful Dead. I hear the Rolling Stones. I hear the whoever. And you go, okay, that's fine. But when I heard hardcore music for the first time, when I heard the Cro-Mags, when I heard Agnostic Front, when I heard the Bad Brains, I thought it was, that was just like, it was part of me already.

And then it was the attitude. And again, you can listen to my podcast with Harley Flanagan. The way I viewed Harley Flanagan, the way I viewed the Cro-Mags was not the way they actually were. I mean, you know, Harley was doing drugs. I mean, horrible drugs. He was on heroin, everything else.

But his image was like straight edge, kind of spiritual. They had all that stuff going on. And I thought, okay, well, that's what they have. I didn't know. I'm like a kid living in the woods in Connecticut. I'm just kind of hearing what I'm hearing. He listened to the lyrics, listened to the lyrics of Minor Threat, listened to the lyrics.

And you go, okay, this stuff, I agree with this stuff. And I just think that that kind of set a datum in my head of being okay with being outside, being okay with saying no, being okay with being a rebel, being okay with not going along with what everyone else is doing.

And that became very important when I was in the military and I looked at what leadership might be telling me to do and might think to myself, hey, that doesn't seem like a good idea. And having the wherewithal to say, hey boss, I'm not sure this is a good idea.

Not to be a jerk about it, but just to say, there might be a better way to get this done. What do you think of this? Or, hey boss, can I ask you a question about that? So I think if I had to trace it back, having black flagged my war side two on my record player for like a year and a half straight, that's gonna leave a mark, man.

And I think it left a mark on me. - I love what you just said. And when I say love, I really mean it because as we both know, we share a common love for certain music in particular, Minor Threat and some stuff from the punk rock scene. In particular for me, the Northeast punk rock scene, the Bruisers, Al Barr from the Bruisers.

Now people know him as the lead singer for the Dropkick Murphys, but before that was the Bruisers. We run the risk of going deep down a rabbit hole of music that most people may or may not be familiar with. Although most people have heard of the Dropkicks, but yeah, I'm right there with you.

I mean, I remember the first time hearing Stiff Little Fingers or Rancid and even Bouncing Souls for New Jersey, not even Bouncing Souls, sorry, sorry Brian and Greg. No, the Bouncing Souls and going, yes, that. That's me, that's it. But as you said, it was already kind of in you.

It's like a recognition. And I bring this up and I wanna highlight it not because we share this, although I do find that to be an amazing kinship that we felt right away and was like, we could probably riff for 25 hours just on that. But it brings me back to this idea that certainly is not my idea.

Actually, the first time I heard about it was from Robert Greene who wrote the book Mastery and some important writings, various, what was it? I think it was the, I forget how many laws of power, but those books, Robert Greene. Mastery is actually a book that I highly recommend people read because it talks about mentorship and finding mentors and the fact that we're supposed to break up and move on from mentors and that mentors aren't always people that we know or that know us, et cetera, amazing book really.

But he was the first person I ever heard describe this idea that if we think back long enough, there's some seed moment, maybe it was shopping for the pants, it sounds like it was, but also music where you see something and it's like, yes, that's me and I'm that.

And then that becomes a sort of soundtrack or visual image or something for your life that you carry forward with you. The neuroscientist in me wants to say that that is the first time that we really tap into this dopamine system in a way that is unique to us because every child responds to food with a little bit of dopamine when we're hungry, responds to warmth when we're cold, responds to a warm, dry diaper after we just wet ourselves, which we all did.

I don't know, maybe Jocko, you changed your own diapers. (laughing) But I'm guessing that someone changed your diaper at one point, not an image path we need to go down. But the idea is that we all have these universal sources of kind of having our needs met, going from discomfort to comfort and back again, which is basically childhood.

But at some point, something comes along that we really feel like is unique to us. And it may be the thing that everyone else likes. Maybe it's top 40 or whatever it is. Maybe it's the shoe that everyone's wearing and that seems good. But I do think that there are certain people who are kind of 10 or 20 or maybe even 180 degrees off from what everyone else likes.

And they're like, that thing is what's really cool. And it's a felt thing. And so along the lines of felt things, as opposed to things that everyone values, what are your sources of motivation? And I'm going to guess that some of them are internal. We could point to head or we could point to heart, doesn't really matter.

But when you think of sources of motivation, do you have a palette of them that you can dip into? Do you even feel the need to dip into them? Or is it really just all about action steps throughout your day? Or if I can even venture into the somewhat harder stories that I've heard you talk about, do you sometimes think back and listen, I'm going to do this because there are a bunch of guys that are dead now that can't.

And so I'm going to do it because I can. What are the paints on your motivation palette, if you will? - Well, you probably heard me say that motivation isn't something that I am going to count on because it's just an emotion that's going to come and go. And it's just like feeling happy.

You feel happy right now, maybe you won't feel happy in 15 minutes. You feel sad now, maybe you won't feel sad in 15 minutes. You feel motivated right now, you might not feel motivated in 15 minutes. Therefore, I can't rely on it. So I'm not going to put any money on just being motivated because it doesn't really matter to me.

So the daily actions that I take aren't from motivation, they're just from discipline. Like I said earlier, I'm not going to get up and go through some big debate about, well, really, do I really feel like doing this? No, I don't feel like doing this, but it doesn't matter.

So I'm just going to go do it. Now, if we start to look at sort of a broader movement through life and continuing to try and move forward and move on, you know, my buddy Seth died and he was the Delta platoon commander in tasking a bruiser. And he died in 2017 and it was in a parachute accident.

And it was, I mean, it's definitely unexpected. And also he'd already been through multiple deployments, was with us, with me in the Battle of Ramadi. He then went back into Sadr City and led a ton of very dangerous operations. And then he did other deployments and was kind of done with his deployments, kind of done.

And now he's just talking about when he's going to retire and he's a couple of years away from retirement. And, you know, I'm talking about, hey, we're going to work together again. And it all seems like we're on a pretty good path to just move forward. And then he ends up dying in a parachute accident.

And he's a guy that, you know, was really just kind of, you're not going to be able to replace any, any, you can't, there's a uniqueness to him that is, you're not going to find. And, you know, I've got some stuff that he wrote. He was an incredible writer.

And I'll like try and write something like him. I can't, we can't do it 'cause he had a bigger vocabulary and a more articulate way of writing. And so I can't write anything as well as he wrote it. He was incredible at guitar. He played guitar, played ukulele, like sick, like an incredible at playing guitar.

And he's a total knuckle dragger, like a total meathead knuckle dragger. You know, his nickname was Unfrozen Caveman because he just, he just, you know, looked like a big caveman. And yet he spoke French and, you know, could recite French poetry and was really good at learning languages. And he was an artist.

And he had, do you know what synesthesia is? Do you know what that is? - Emerging of the senses. So people that can see colors and. So he didn't know what it was. - Oh, sorry, I see colors. I hope most people can see colors. Sorry, that can hear colors and can associate particular colors with sound with like particular keys on the piano.

It's pretty rare. Some people think they have it, but true synesthesics are pretty rare, but they don't have to fight for this trait. It just kind of emerges for them. - He didn't know it. But one day he was talking to me and he was embarrassed to tell me.

He's like, you know, what's weird is when I think of numbers, I have colors in my head. And I go, what do you mean? And he says, hollow was zero. And I remember seven is yellow. I don't remember any of them, but he just rattled off like one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine.

You know, he says, you know, hollow, white, clear, all of, you know, just rattled off these colors. So he had this, he had that synesthesia and it gave him some kind of weird ability to memorize numbers. So, you know, he'd be in a bar and talk to some girl and he'd say, what's your number?

And he would just, he would know it for two years. He would just know it. And that also made him incredibly good at playing guitar because now like the scale and the fret board of a guitar is this, it's a mathematical thing that he has all in this weird, this weird coloration scenario going on.

So there's, so he's this guy and, you know, and very, a very emotional guy, a very emotional guy who would, you know, I was talking earlier about being a balance for someone. I had to balance this dude out on a daily basis sometimes. You know, he'd be so mad about something.

You know, one day he'd be, I hate the teams. I hate all these guys. And I'd say, yeah, I get it, man. And the next day, I'm never getting out of the teams. You know, he would oscillate that bad. And I would tell him, hey, bro, you're oscillating again.

And just would do anything. And he loved his guys and would do anything for his guys. And so when he died, you know, we're at his, it's not his funeral. It's before the funeral. It's like the open casket thing, the wake thing. And myself, his brother, Alex, Leif Babin, who I wrote "Extreme Ownership" with, and JP Dinnell, who's one of my brothers, who works with us at Echelon Front now, is with us in Ramadi and was very close to Seth.

And we're, like, everyone kind of cleared out for us. And we go in there, and I think JP gave him, JP had one of those memorial bracelets with guys' names on it that had died, and JP gave that to him. And I think Leif gave him some surf wax 'cause also Seth was a surfer.

And I gave Seth his black belt 'cause he started training jiu-jitsu with me. And he had his purple belt. He'd gotten his purple belt. I gave him his black belt. And everyone was just quiet. And, you know, JP was telling this story the other day. And I just said, "We will not fail him." Meaning that him, Mark, Mikey, Chris, Seth, and countless other guys, they're not here.

They don't have the opportunity to do the things we do. They don't have the opportunity to get up in the morning. So, that's what it is, man. I won't fail those guys. - Thanks for sharing that. Yeah, I think anyone listening to this feels what I feel right now, which is it's very clear that the depth of emotion for people that we care about and lose has everything to do with our love for them.

There's just no question about it, right? That grief and love are so intimately tied. They are a direct reflection of one another. And I, you know, I hesitate to kind of stay on hard themes, but I think it's really important. For a couple of reasons. Last time we spoke, it was in your office and your podcast.

And after we wrapped up, we started talking about some people we know and some things that had happened in your community and kind of spooled into some discussions about things that happened in nearby communities and civilian culture. And, you know, one of the things that's so perplexing, I think, to people, including me, but maybe with time less so, and this actually came up last night in a discussion at home 'cause of some recent events, not close to me, but just that, you know, some people go through things where there's loss, they go through life and there's hardship.

I think most people experience some hardship, certainly some more than others. And every once in a while and far too often, and even in the SEAL team community, and even in the various communities within the SEAL team community where one would never expect it, all right? These are highly trained, tight community, hard guys, right?

That's the language we sometimes hear. But as you pointed out, these are people often that have tremendous emotional depth. I am so glad that you brought that up 'cause I think we sometimes think of emotion as weakness, but there was a time not long ago, 40, 50 years ago, where emotions like jealousy and intensity, think the character Sonny and the Godfather, like he would get so pissed, he would fight his own fist, right?

That was a pretty emotional response where intensity and emotion were kind of interchangeable words, right, at some level. I'm going to be direct. There have been a lot of guys coming out of the SEAL teams I've been surprised to hear that kill themselves. And yesterday there was a major suicide.

I didn't know this guy. And presumably we actually followed each other on social media, but I admittedly was not close to him, didn't know him, didn't know him at all. In fact, his name was Twitch or something. And maybe this guy was a public facing figure. But listen, happens all too often.

And it even happens in former operators. And suicide's something that fascinates me and intrigues me and scares the hell out of me. Because for the life of me, I cannot map it to any specific thing in the brain or body that we're aware of. And yet I've had several friends commit suicide, had my undergrad advisor committed suicide.

The point is not them or their story. The point is what in the world dictates whether or not somebody who has a community, who's doing well and then less well, decides to off themselves to end their own life versus decide I'm going to keep going. I mean, this is, I'm raising this as a question.

I wish I had an answer. I used to have ideas like, oh, it's time perception. You know, where these people are feeling so miserable that they feel it's going to go on forever. But then you start reading the literature on suicide. And I've started to go into this. For those of you that can stomach it, and I don't know that I want to recommend this movie, but I'm just going to say it exists.

The movie, "The Bridge," where they fixed the camera on the Golden Gate Bridge for a year, it turns out one person a day on average tries to jump off. We talked to a guy who survived it. By the way, he jumped off. The moment he went off there, he thought, I wish I hadn't done that.

He survived. This kid with bipolar disorder, especially males, 20 to 30 times higher incidents of suicide. Massive increase. The point is that there's something that happens in the brain where somehow people also will get the idea, and you hear this, that this is like something they're excited to do.

Or that they're going to right the world somehow by doing this. Or that somehow it's like a gift to themselves. Again, I'm not encouraging anybody to do this. I want to be very clear. But these are the things that you hear. And sadly, your community has lost a number of people through suicide.

And yet there are a lot of guys that thrive. And so more as a template for trying to understand mental health and depression and suicide, what are your thoughts on why some people seem to thrive and some people just go all the way down? - Clearly, that's a very complex question.

And there's probably a lot of different answers. And I certainly am not one to be able to answer that question, however. Probably where my thought has gone on this lately, because I've known some guys that have killed themselves and I've been totally shocked. But I've just been completely and totally shocked that guys that I knew killed themselves.

Guys that you would think, oh, this guy would never do this in a million years. And that's the feeling I've had a lot about a lot of the guys that I know that have killed themselves. I had a woman on my podcast named Sarah Wilkinson, and she's an awesome woman.

And she was married to a seal. His name was Chad. I didn't know him. He killed himself. And to hear her describe the story, the shocking thing about the story is that the guy that she knew and the guy that she married was not the same guy that killed himself.

Something happened to him that made him a different person. And look, they're getting all this information now about CTE and the brain trauma that you go through, and people are exposed to that. And I think if you've ever seen George Foreman, he seems totally normal and good to go, right?

And Muhammad Ali, not so much. And I've known fighters, and you can look at any number of boxers that have had a career, and some of them are fine, and some of them have some real significant, what is it, pugilistic, there's a pugilistic syndrome, right? They've been punched too much and they have problems.

So different people, you can expose different people to blast impact, and it's gonna have a different impact over time. And I think that, again, to hear Sarah explain that story and what she saw from her husband and how different he was when they got married compared to where they ended up, it's totally different.

A totally different person. I had another friend of mine on who named Marcus Capone, and his wife came on with him, and she said the same thing. Like the guy that she married was not the same guy that was ready to kill himself, and he didn't, thankfully. It was a different person.

And it's not, look, if Fred is married to some woman and Fred and Jessica grow apart over time and he ends up with some other girl, it's still the same guy, right? It's still the same guy that is now, look, they grew apart, they're getting divorced, we get it.

But the way that both of them described their husbands as being different people, that's what stuck with me. More than anything else. So I, you know, again, I'm throwing this out there only because it's what I've observed through the people that I know, and seeing and hearing those stories of people being totally different.

And I've known a few people. One of my friends, Dave, killed himself. I never would have guessed in a million years that Dave would have killed himself. It just, it doesn't compute. It doesn't compute. And so my suspicion is there has to be something going on mechanically or chemically with the brain that causes them to get into a mode where they're depressed and they don't see a way out, and that that's the way they feel now.

And again, what's interesting about this is we already talked about the fact that the selection, the selection process weeds out guys that are gonna take a loss and not be able to get up again. No, you've got SEALs. SEALs can take a loss and get back up again. That's what you learn how to do in bed.

Or that's what you, you don't learn how to do it. You have it. And if you make it through that training, you have that ability to take a loss. All right, cool, shake it off, get back up, keep going. They're gonna do that to you. So now you've got guys that are taking a loss and they don't see a way out anymore.

In fact, to such a point that they're gonna take their own lives. It's, my suspicion is at some point they're gonna figure out that this exposure to the adrenaline, the explosions all the time. I mean, you go out to a range, just in peace time. You go out to a range and you shoot a Carl Gustoff and you're a range safety officer.

So you go out there with every guy that's shooting a Carl Gustoff. It's a big giant like bazooka looking weapon. And every time you shoot it, it kind of rattles your cage a little bit. Well, if you're a range safety officer and you're out there and you're gonna watch everyone in the platoon shoot three of those, it's gonna have an impact.

Then you go overseas and you're a breacher or you're part of a breach team. I mean, at a time where one of my guys, we're doing an assault on a compound. I'm on the ladder. Like most buildings in Iraq have a wall around them. So the way we would conduct these raids, put the ladder up, the assault, the breach team would climb over the ladder and I would go right behind the breach team and I would stand on the ladder.

So I'm looking at the building, observing, making sure there's no one waking up, make sure there's no threats. And then as I'm watching this guy in particular, he puts the breach on the door, explosive breach. So he's gonna blow the door up. He's got his little team with him.

He puts the breach on the door. He starts to back away and there's like an obstacle there. It was like a freaking table or a lawn chair or something. And he couldn't get around it. And I'm sitting there, it's dark. I mean, it's the middle of the night, it's two o'clock in the morning.

And I'm like, I wonder what he's gonna do. I see him kind of stuck for a second. And I just see him lay down and I'm like, oh, he's just gonna take this thing. And sure enough, three or four feet away from this breach point, he lays down and just clacks off this explosive charge.

And I jump over the wall and as I'm going in, I'm trying to get the rest of the platoon to go and commence this assault. I look at him, he looked like he just got hit in the head with a baseball bat. And guess what he did the next night?

Another breach on another target. And guess what he did the next night? Another breach on another target. So you get guys that have that exposure, which is, I mean, every SEAL is eating a breach. I mean, you're eating flashbangs, you're eating breaches, you're shooting 50 cows. Like you're eating some traumatic brain injury.

But then you must have some people that have some sort of genetic propensity to have this negative thing happen. And I can only guess, man, that this has something to do with it. Because otherwise, we wouldn't be hearing so many of these stories. And of course, we're just talking about the SEAL teams.

We're not talking about the military writ large, which is in the same exact boat. I'm also nervous about the social contagion of suicide within the veteran community. I'm nervous about that. It's one of the things that makes me apprehensive about talking about it. But obviously I've talked about, I've had people on my podcast to discuss these things.

But I am worried about that social contagion of, man, Fred did it. He got all this attention and he doesn't have to deal with anything anymore. I'm going to do it too. There's got to be some level of that going on as well. So it's a horrible situation. - Yeah, the social contagion part is one that hits home from a different dimension.

The high school I went to, which is, name isn't important, like Gunn High School, G-U-N-N. Gunn High School is famous for being one of the better public high schools, not that I attended as much as I should have. I could tell you more about the curbs in the parking lot than I could tell you about the classes I took.

And that's just not encouraging people to not attend high school. Please do. It took a lot of really hard work to climb back up to where I should have been when I graduated. But it has an infamous reputation, or I should say a reputation as an infamous school because it's one of the highest suicide rates in any of the schools in the country because there's train tracks that run through town and there was a kind of a contagion of kids throwing themselves on the train tracks.

This was happening a lot. This was written up in various newspapers, et cetera. Fortunately, it seems to have died down. Again, I'm also hesitant to like talk about this because no one wants to spark this, but there does seem to be something about lack of ability to see into a future, obviously, or the future that people are seeing into is so dark that somehow they lose touch with the idea that emotions come and go.

You said it about emotion, about motivation. Emotions come and go. But somehow people lose touch with that. And then I will venture a guess, and here I'm hoping someone's going to figure this out at some point so we can have a more concrete conversation about the mechanisms and what to do about it.

But I think there's also something about identity, about loss of a place to put one's energy, something useful in the world. If you're a, what you're talking about here are guys that are generators, right? They are not projectors. They're generators. They live to have effective action on the world for good and then end up killing themselves.

In youth, it's a little more complicated to put a finger on 'cause what's going on there. We assume depression. But then in learning more about suicide, there's also this kind of like excitement for certain people about solving something that seemed unsolvable any other way. And again, I'm certainly not encouraging this.

I'm strongly discouraging people from taking their own life, obviously. But there's something about time and the loss of perception about time. And one thing that we know for sure, here we can really hang our hat on something, is that if you do the forensics on somebody that was suicidal, attempted, or took their life, in the preceding days and weeks, their sleep-wake schedule was completely whacked.

They exit the normal routine of most people. They isolate through inversions of time. And I do wonder sometimes whether or not the vampire shifts, as they're sometimes called, the nighttime deployments and the back and forth. I mean, that's a lot for a system to take. Shift workers kill themselves far more than non-shift workers.

So I do think there's something there. And again, I'm not saying everyone needs to be in bed by nine and up by four, and although that would be a great schedule for most people. But I do think that there are some universal laws of what makes the human body and brain healthy.

And if you violate those laws long enough, with CTE or with disruption in your schedules, you run the risk, especially if there's a predisposition there, and then other factors start to layer in. Again, and I have to apologize 'cause I don't have any real answers or more biology or psychology to firmly throw at this, except the warning for people who are bipolar and know somebody with bipolar.

They are 20 to 30 times more likely to kill themselves. And males in particular are more likely to use methods that will kill them the first time as opposed to survive. There's a big sex difference there. - Yeah, you throw alcohol in there too, you know? And Marcus has run an organization now where they're taking vets down to do the psychedelic, what they call it, a journey.

- This is Veterans Solutions. Yeah, they're a great organization. And I should mention, very bipartisan organization. I attended one event on Coronado and there were people from the far left, the far right, politicians and everything in between talking about how critical this is. So this is not a political issue.

This is a mental health issue. - Yeah, and even when I reflected on Marcus talking to me, he was talking about how he's kind of in this downward spiral. Part of the downward spiral, he's drinking every day. And I'm thinking to myself, man. I didn't think of it during the show.

I kind of was thinking about it afterwards. I was thinking, man, if you're drinking all the time, you're on a downward spiral. That's one thing you should just stop. Let's stop that immediately. So I just wanted to throw that out there. I think when that's another sign from the outside looking in, if someone's self-medicating with alcohol, it's not a good place, not a good place.

They're not in a good place and they could probably use some help. - I appreciate you saying it. Again, we did this episode on alcohol. I went into it totally open-minded. I've never been a big drinker. I've had it, I can drink or not drink. Was never really into drugs at all.

You know, dabbled a little bit when I was younger. I regret it, frankly. Brain is plastic early on. I didn't need that. Never did hard drugs, never touched cocaine, amphetamine or anything like that. So, and if I had, I would say, right? I think I'm comfortable enough in my position in life that if I had, I'd certainly say.

But I think that it's pretty clear that alcohol is bad for us. It's certainly past a certain, you know, to drink. We limit people, especially with the propensity for alcoholism or who are dealing with other issues. That's especially the case for not drinking, right? And I guess, you know, we got into some hard territory here, but I think if this conversation cues up an awareness to anybody, which I hope it would, either people that are in that space of wondering if they should continue or not, or that know somebody who might be, I do think that the takeaway is very clear, which is that, you know, there are ways to avoid these traps and to avoid making these traps worse.

And I think regular sleep-wake schedules, understanding that, and I wrote this down, that, you know, you in particular have said several times that rather than looking for sources of things outside you, like a job or a relationship, which are all great, but as sources of energy or motivation or inspiration to use action as a positive action as a source of energy, I think is just a, if I could like put that up on a billboard in Times Square, I would, right?

And I put your name next to it, which is that action is a, positive action is a source of energy that then you can recycle into more things. I think going back to the fundamentals, right? - Yeah, and positive action is when you have to contend with something, when there's something that you're afraid of, right?

Step into it, move towards it, that's how you're gonna solve that problem. You don't solve problems by running away from them. You solve them by moving towards them and figuring out what's going on. And I mean, alcohol is obviously a clear way to avoid the problem, at least for the next four hours.

And you wake up and that problem's still there and that's not good. But you know, when you've got some kind of a problem, and listen, then we could go down the whole path of talking about the indirect approach, which is a theory of combat, which I completely believe in, but it also applies to, you know, interacting with other people.

If you have a problem with some other person, to think to myself, well, I got a problem with Andrew, I'm gonna go confront him on it. And that might not be the best solution. In fact, it's probably not the best solution for me to go confront you with the problem, 'cause now we're gonna have a confrontation.

It might be better for me to take an indirect approach and not confront you, but instead engage in a conversation with you about something that's maybe adjacent to the problem that I have. And then eventually that builds our relationship to a point where you start to recognize, oh, I bet Jocko feels something about this thing.

And we can move towards a solution instead of me trying to punch you in the face with some truth that I believe versus the truth that you believe. And now we're engaged in combat and that's bad. There's gonna be casualties. I'd rather take an indirect approach and build a relationship where we can solve problems in a more positive way.

- I love that. And I love it because it really speaks to the power of thinking carefully and being patient and a little bit slower at times. I also heard you say something earlier that's still flagging in my mind, which is, you know, not thinking too much. I think it seems to be a time where thinking too much is very dangerous.

And again, we can keep the discussion that we were having about mental health or we could even just call it what is mental illness. I think everyone would agree suicide is some reflection of an unhealthy state. We can keep that in the backdrop as we talk about this, but this isn't necessarily only about that.

You seem to have an ability to engage in things without thinking too much. And yet also to sit back and be pretty observant. And you've talked about third person-ing of the self. I'd love to talk a little bit more about this, even though it's a topic you've delved into before.

And in particular, the topic of meditation. I've been reading more about meditation. I've meditated for different stretches in my life, different amounts of time. And there are two basic forms of meditation that I only recently learned about. One is a focused attention meditation. You're sitting, closing your eyes, focusing on your breath, body, body surface, or even a visual target in your environment and just focus.

And we know that that enhances one's ability to focus. If you do it too late in the day, it also enhance your ability to not fall asleep. A lot of people don't realize the meditation too late in the day, if it's a focused meditation, you're just ramping up the activity in the prefrontal cortex.

It's a great tool for getting better at focusing. But then there's also this type of meditation called open observer meditation, where you purposefully don't include a target in your mind or in your vision or in your hearing. And you just sit there, eyes closed or eyes open, and you go into a place of whatever comes up, but you don't hover there too long.

The goal is to not hover on any one thing, which sounds like deliberate attention deficit disorder, but it's actually a pretty cool method, it turns out, for restoring our ability to engage in focus, but also for one particular thing that you mentioned earlier, which is creativity and creative problem solving, which of course requires accessing, let's just say more colors on the palette than your vision might be on realizing, oh, there's also all these other colors over here in the periphery that I'm missing 'cause I'm hyper focused.

Do you meditate? If you do meditate, is it more of an open monitoring or a focused meditation? And if you don't do a kind of standard meditation, are there times throughout your day and your routine and your week where, as I'm describing this, it maps to something that kind of feels like open monitoring or focused meditation?

- Yeah, so no, I don't meditate. I haven't ever, I don't think I've ever actually meditated for one second in my life, and I... - And I refuse to. - No, no, it's not that at all. I know Sam Harris sent me his app and we were gonna do a podcast and I said, I'll do it for two weeks and we'll do a podcast and I'll be more enlightened and everything, and I didn't even give Sam Harris two weeks, you know?

So I still owe Sam Harris two weeks on his app of meditation so we can see how it impacts me. But no, I've never done it before. I've never tried to do it. And that being said, if the goal is to take a step back and detach from what's going on, I do that all day, every day.

So that is something that I've talked about. It's something that I tried to teach. I tried to teach the young SEAL leaders not to get caught up in what's happening right in front of them, but to take a step back, detach from the situation, detach from their emotions, see more of what's happening.

You're talking about seeing more colors of the palette. Well, on the battlefield, I want people to be able to see more angles, more maneuvers, more opportunities, more of what the enemy might do, more perspective. That's what I always tried to achieve. And so I'm sorry, I apologize. I can't give you any good discussion on meditation 'cause I haven't tried it.

- No apology necessary. But I will ask, when you go surfing and you're sitting in the water waiting for a wave, are you focused on one particular location on the horizon or are you kind of in kind of a open monitoring, just enjoying, just bouncing up and down in the water?

Like where is your attention during activities like that? - Yeah, so surfing, oftentimes surfing, you're a monkey mind and you're just not thinking about anything. Same thing with jiu-jitsu. Also with surfing, you know, if you're waiting for a wave, your mind is just going. I mean, it's in another universe sometimes as you're sitting there waiting 'cause you're just looking out at the horizon.

And your mind, I mean, my mind, I'm thinking about all kinds of, I have to come home sometimes and like write notes because I thought of this, I thought of an idea, I thought of a perspective. That happens to me at jiu-jitsu, that happens to me talking to people where someone's talking about something, I'm like, oh, I gotta get an idea right now.

I'm gonna go write that down. Have to go and write it down. I have notes in my phone, you know, like pages and pages and pages of notes in my phone of ideas that I had and I write them down. - Do you voice memo things? - No, I type them.

- Yeah. - I only need to type like seven words on, and then I have the whole ideas in my head. So. - Yeah, I put a lot into the notes in my phone as well. And it probably looks like gibberish to a lot of people, but I go back through them when I'm on the plane, especially problems I was challenged with 10 years ago or something.

And I look like, oh my God, I'm just dealing with the same thing, different situation, same me, right? There's that, we had a amazing psychiatrist on the show, but I'd love to hear a conversation between the two of you. His name is Paul Conte. He was trained at Stanford and Harvard.

He's an amazing guy. Actually talks openly about the tragedy that his brother killed himself, which was what drove him into psychiatry. And he's an interesting guy because he's obviously highly educated, incredibly smart. He wrote a book on trauma, but he has incredible knowledge about a number of other areas of psychology, including narcissism, sociopathy.

He's worked in a lot of really interesting domains with interesting people that everyone listening on his podcasts would recognize. Of course, he's not going to reveal who those people are, but, and, you know, he talks about the fact that, you know, you can look at different people, right? He was actually the one that shared with me this notion of generators and projectors and directed me towards that literature.

But when he came on the podcast, he, you know, he talked a little bit about that stuff, but he talked mostly about trauma. But then, you know, we were talking about ways in which people engage in the world and different archetypes and how you start looking at stories throughout history and you start seeing the same themes over and over, right?

Westerns, you know, this idea of a guy rides into town and does some repair work, like defeats the sinister person or things that are imposing all the time, then rides to the next town. It's always like, it ends with, it's going to keep continuing and then, but then when we got into this discussion of relationship, he talks about, you know, he said this on the podcast of a patient who, you know, said, you know, I've been in 10 abusive relationships.

And he'd say to that patient, no, you've been in one relationship 10 times, right? Which is essentially, it's all about your issue, right? That's not you, I'm not, I purposely didn't point at you for those listening. And I think that those features of ourselves that we bring from condition to condition can be negative or they can be positive.

One thing that's interesting, and here I'm not trying to solve or understand the SEAL team community per se, but I think they represent an important archetype because they are selected for this ability to take hard conditions and failures and turn them into wins. That's one of the selection criteria seems to be.

They're finding who has that capability. I see a lot of, and happen to know a few people from the SEAL teams who get out and do really well. You know, the great businesses, you're a shining example of this and you have a family and you know, you've got German Shepherd too.

Yeah, we'll talk about animals in a little bit. You got a dog and it's like you surf and you train. And like, I'm sure you have your dark places, dark moments and challenges like anybody else, but things look to me like they're going pretty well. And then I also know people from the SEAL teams.

Okay, they don't go down the path of suicide, fortunately, but it's sort of like, they don't do as well as I would have thought. And I'm certainly not picking on this community. I also see this from people who were professional athletes. I know kids that were phenomenal in high school.

I mean, these were like early admission to all the Ivy League schools, 'cause that was what happened in the town that I grew up in. And I look at them now and I'm like, wow, like gosh, somehow it's not working out. And I think it's important for people to hear that, that you know, yes, winning creates the propensity for more winning, but then why do you think it is that in a community where people are trained to solve problems, adapt and make things work, some people flourish outside the military and some flourish less and some we already talked about really, you know, go down the dark traps.

What do you think is the quality that allows people to be really adaptable, in particular, 'cause most of us live in a landscape where we have to deal with people who are not us, like people that are not good at what we're good at. And sometimes that's an asset, sometimes it's not.

You seem to be particularly good at like understanding the human animal and working with that. So again, this is a broad question. We're going very broadband here and we'll get narrower again in a little bit, but I'd love your thoughts on like, why is it, how is it, what determines whether or not somebody thrives in novel environments?

- I have to start off by just by saying I wrote a note as you were talking, I just put seal and then I put the not equals sign, you know, like, 'cause you can't say that a seal equals anything. - Excellent point. - It's, I mean, there's guys, there's guys that have been in the SEAL teams that are murderers, like there's- - Like real life murderers.

- Like murderers, like rapists and murderers that went through SEAL training, rapists, murderers, and they're in prison for the rest of their lives. Like that's a thing. There's people that have been in the SEAL teams that, you know, got kicked out of the SEAL teams for drugs and I mean, you name it and we've got that and we've got guys that are just lazy and we've got guys that it just- - And physicians, you could say this about physicians, there've been sociopathic, you know, serial killer physicians and then there are ones that are in third world countries right now that would not accept a billion dollars to stop serving people at the level of the basic medicine that they deserve.

- So there's the, yeah, there's the SEALs that get out and just volunteer to go help in the worst places in the world, so you've got a full spectrum of people. So to say a SEAL equals success in any domain, the only domain you can say that they're successful is they made it through basic SEAL training 'cause guys make it through basic SEAL training and they're not good SEALs, right?

That happens, you know? So you get guys that make it through basic SEAL training and they make it through SEAL qualification training and they make it to a SEAL team and they get kicked out of the SEAL teams 'cause they're not good SEALs. They weren't meant to do that job.

That happens. So all they've proven by making it through basic SEAL training is they can kind of suck it up for a while and there's also guys that make it through basic SEAL training 'cause they learned how to maneuver through the system. They learned what to do and what the minimum requirements were and how they could skate through this.

There's guys like that. It's not a huge number but they're absolutely there. - We see them in science. You know, people that go to a lab, figure out who the director of the lab is at the level of psychology and this is actually one of the more dangerous aspects of science.

It actually negatively impacts all of society. I'll just say it. And any scientists will know what I'm talking about. They find the big famous labs. They figure out who that leader of the lab is and they get that person the data they want. They might not make the data up but they will certainly discard the data that don't fit, right, which is one way of making data up by exclusion, right?

It's not literally like painting pictures of cells that aren't there or something but that happens a lot and those people often go far. They rarely go all the way because pretty soon their reputation expands to the point where people go like, yeah, no one can repeat that result like that.

But these people sit in very high positions, not at Stanford, right? I will say, I don't know any of my colleagues at Stanford that meet those criteria but you see them and you see what they're doing and they're basically solving a social engineering thing. They just happen to be doing it in science.

Now, why anyone would do that in science, I don't know because you don't get rich in science, you certainly don't get famous but for whatever reason they figured it out that that's where they're going to do it and I'm sure you see it in law firms, I'm sure you see it in every single domain of life.

- Now, you pointed out that there's some people that make it to the Ivy League schools and they graduate from an Ivy League school and then they don't do well. And to me, that's very similar to someone that might make it to the SEAL teams, do well in the SEAL teams and then they get out and they don't do well.

It's probably 'cause what I talked about earlier when I went to Navy bootcamp, here's what you got to do. If you do it well, you'll be rewarded. Well, if you're in high school and your dad, your mom and dad say, hey, if you do good in high school, you're going to get into this Ivy League school and you get into that Ivy League school and here's what you need to do in high school.

You need to get good grades. You need to be part of the glee club. You need to, whatever the things are that you got to do, you got to speak a different language. You got to go volunteer in Guatemala in the summertime. You got to do these things and then you'll get into the good college.

Once you get in the good college, you got to get this degree. Once you get that degree. So they've had a path laid out for them of boxes to check and they go and check the boxes and when they get done, no one has put any more boxes out in front of them so they don't know what to do.

And that can certainly happen from someone in the SEAL teams or someone in the military that what they've been, hey, this is your mission. This is what you got to do. Here's what you need to do to do it well. Check the box, check the box, check the box, check the box and it's time to retire and there's no one putting a box in front of them to check.

And so unless someone, some guys get out of the SEAL teams and they go into a big corporate structure and they kick ass because there's someone in the corporate world saying, hey, here's what you got to do next year and they do great. And that's super good for them and they actually really like it.

I was talking to a guy the other day, he's like a full on in a corporation, he's doing a great job, he likes what he's doing. It's awesome. So, but I think you get some guys that they don't really have the open minds to see where opportunities are and they, you know, one thing that's nice about the SEAL teams is there's a lot of, you get a lot of freedom of maneuver, right?

You can really do a lot of stuff that you kind of want to do. And so when they look at the corporate world, they don't see that and they think, I'm not going to do that, but then they're not quite sure how to take the next step. So I think that's why you might see some guys that aren't super successful because they don't really know what to do and they don't really have a mind that's open to look for opportunities.

And also you got some guys that success for them is they're going to hang out with their family and they're going to, you know, get in good shape and they're going to run some triathlons or competing, whatever they're going to do, they're going to go do it and that's what they're looking to do, you know, which is also awesome.

Go take time, go enjoy your family, man. You gave enough to your country, go hang out with your kids. That's success as far as I'm concerned too. - I agree there. I know far too many people who are successful in their professional lives, but who have very diminished personal lives and it is not a pretty picture.

You know, you mentioned the parent kind of driving the kid, do this, do that. In that scenario, I sense tones of fear. It's all about not being a failure. It's not actually about love of your craft or what you enjoy. Pretty early in my science career, I learned that there are certain people who are just ambitious.

They just like to win. And I used to joke around, it's not polite, but I used to go, you know what? We should all just tell that person that like the new cool thing is like trying to understand the biology of like, and I would say like feces or something.

And they'd probably work on it. And they'd be like, yeah, it's like the greatest thing. 'Cause they actually don't care what they're working on. For them, it's just the hunt. And I learned that actually people like that can serve an important role because like, well, there's actually a whole microbiome.

There are actually labs that do work on feces. So forgive me, my colleagues that work on microbiomes, but in all seriousness, you know, people who are just ambitious can be very effective because you put a problem in front of them. It's like a dog that will just retrieve. It's like to just go, as opposed to love of retrieving for retrieving sake.

It's like you give it that same dog, the analogy here would be give that same dog a high jump and they're like into high jumping, right? Or whatever it is or diving underwater. But I think of people more like animals and more like different dog species. Like we, as your case was with music, particular music and communities, or the example of shopping for the pants and that experience of like the first time you tap into something that really feels kind of unique to you.

You're like, there's something here. To be able to find work that includes that, but also is hard and also allows you to evolve over time. I mean, I think that's the real gift that I think most people are seeking. And of course, there's no shortcut to that except perhaps one, which is to be able to sense the difference between ambition and there's no better word for it, let's just call it what it is, which is love.

Like I love this. And the reason I think that love is so powerful and here I'm sounding like Lex Friedman, but I don't mean inter-relational love. I mean like sort of the being able to sense what that feels like is that I do believe that it allows us to tap into an enormous number of things that fear alone and ambition alone and just being a hard driving person alone will not allow us to tap into.

Things like adaptiveness, creativity. And I think there's a really obvious reason for it, which is that the one thing we know about our species is that we want to make more of ourselves and to take good care of our young. Whether or not everyone has kids or not is irrelevant.

The point is that every species not only wants to do that, but need to do that. And the feeling of love is really what allows us to be adaptable. I don't think there's anything that trains up adaptability as much as being around kids. You just have to be adaptable, right?

'Cause one moment they're up, then they're down, then they're disappointed. So, you know, and you shared a really important story about loss of somebody that clearly you loved. And that clearly loved the community he worked in. It wasn't just that you guys loved him, it's that he loved you guys.

And I think that being able to tap into these feelings of love for things, for people and for experiences, I think is so critical. And, you know, I don't meditate much these days, but I have heard of this like love and kindness meditation. And I would sound so soft to me.

I was thinking like, gosh, what am I supposed to do? Then float, like levitate at the end and like wear a, you know, a moo moo or whatever it's called. I don't know what's the thing. But my friend who I'm fortunate to call a friend, not trying to name drop here, but I'm very fortunate to call Rick Rubin, the music producer, a friend.

And he was the one who started turning me on to different forms of meditation. The ones I mentioned before in this idea that there are forms of meditation, which put us in touch with what he calls the source. Now this is really getting a little mystical, but I think this all maps back to the same thing, which is that there are sources of dopamine and the other neurotransmitters in us that give us kind of a superpower to adapt to anything.

And I think it's at least includes love because that's the most adaptable emotion by definition because of what's required for evolution. So the question therefore is in yourself and in your observation of people that you've worked with, did you ever sense that just being hard driving was kind of, it was great, but it was limiting?

Like, did you ever sense that like, by liking the people you work with, you could perform much better? Even if they perhaps were not as hard to kind of borrow the common parlance around this, they weren't as hard as everybody else that because you like each other so, so much that you can kind of do anything?

- Well, if you have a team of 10 people and you all have a great relationship and you get along well, and you're going against my team and we all hate each other and who's going to win? - The team that loves each other is going to win, I would hope.

- It's not even close. As a matter of fact, if you work for me and you don't like me, what kind of performance are you going to give me? - It's going to be tough. - What if you love me and I've looked out for you and I've done everything for you and I've taken care of you, what kind of performance are you going to give me?

- I'm like a dog, I'd die for you. - So yeah, and you know, earlier you asked about the human animal and human nature and this is part of leadership. I got asked this question the other day by, I was working with a company and the guy says, how do I identify, what are the characteristics of someone that can execute and how do I identify those characteristics in a person so that I can get those people?

And I said, well, first of all, the characteristics are the characteristics that everybody's obviously someone that's driven, someone that can communicate well, someone that's going to make things happen. Those are pretty simple to know, we know what they are. How do you identify them? It's pretty simple as well.

I give you a task, I give Andrew a task. It's a pretty simple task. If you get it done, cool. Give you a little bit more complex task. Do you get it done? Yes. I give the same task to Fred, he doesn't get it done. He comes back with a bunch of questions.

He slow rolls, he's got all kinds of excuses and problems. I give you an even more complex task. You come back, you get it done. And then I'm going to realize, okay, Andrew's the guy that makes things happen. He's a guy that can actually execute. And a little bit what you said, I mean, there's certain breeds of dogs, but even that is, they're not as different as human beings are, right?

And there are some, so now there are some guys, I've got Andrew who will make things happen. Here's the problem with Andrew. When I say, hey Andrew, here's this nebulous idea that I have, can you turn this into a reality? And you're like, where do I start? I'm not sure where you want me to go.

Meanwhile, I gave it to the guy that didn't make anything happen with specific tasks that I gave him. And he comes back and says, you know, I say, hey, I got this nebulous idea. Can you see what you, he goes, oh yeah. And all of a sudden he takes it and he says, hey, I figured out a way to make this happen.

So you might have someone that's very good at executing, but they're not very creative. I might have somebody that's very creative, but they're not very good at executing. So what do I do? I build a team where I've got Andrew and Fred and they work together. And Fred comes up with good ideas and we bring them to Andrew and Andrew goes and executes them.

So that's what we're doing from a leadership perspective is we're letting people's nature execute and we're putting people into roles where their nature is beneficial. I'm not gonna take someone that's shy and introverted and put them out in the lead sales role. I'm not gonna take somebody that's boisterous and extroverted and put them into a cubicle where they're gonna be looking at spreadsheets all day.

Clearly I'm not gonna do that. So what we have to do as leaders is we have to find the right people for the right role and we place them into those roles. Now, does it mean that I abandon all hope that the guy that's an introvert will ever develop more communication skills?

No, I'm still gonna work with him. And over time, we'll get him a little bit moving in the right direction, but I'm not gonna take somebody that's a total introvert and turn them into a lead sales guy. That's not going to happen any more than I'm gonna change a tiger stripes.

So that's what we have to do is we have to help people, as leaders, we have to help people find the role and find the thing that they're good at. Now, does that mean if I have someone that loves their job, they're gonna do better at it? Absolutely. Does it mean that if I have somebody that's driven just by achievement, that they're gonna be good at their job?

No, in fact, well, they can be. There's gonna be certain roles I can put them in, right? If I've got a sales number I need to hit and Andrew's super into achievement. He wants to be the golden child and wants to have his picture on the, you know, magazine that we put out about our industry.

Cool, I can throw this task at you and you're gonna go and get it. The problem is if there's something that's gonna take more perseverance and the reward isn't that high or it's a long-term goal, you're probably not the right guy for the job. So liking your job is absolutely critical and if you love your job, you're gonna be able to most likely excel at it.

Now, you could be an unfortunate person that loves your job and is not good at it. That happens occasionally, right? - Yeah, but it seems pretty rare. - It reminds me of your skateboarding career. - Yeah. - You love skateboarding, but you just weren't that good at it. - I wasn't that good at it.

- Unfortunately. - But you know what I loved more than skateboarding? I loved the community I was in. I loved the community I was in and I probably would have gone to the industry side or worked on a company side and not been on the actual skateboard side or just skateboard for fun.

So there's a guy in the skateboard community, his name is Jim Thiebaud and he's kind of the not so hidden secret in that community. He's an amazing guy and he's sort of early on left professional skateboarding to run a company, Real Deluxe, a bunch of other companies. He's an amazing guy and he told me, we'd become friends recently and he said, he realized he wasn't gonna be one of the big guys, but he knew he wanted to be in this community so he found his place.

And I think everyone in skateboarding looks to Jim as like the guy who cares. He's, you know, he cares, he truly cares about the sport and about the people. And so he learned to kind of just wrap his arms and his heart around the whole thing and it just works.

And so I do think everyone has a certain place in a community or in a team. I think that as you're describing this, I have to imagine that people are listening and thinking like, wow, this team thing is awesome. Like, it's just amazing. I wish I had that, right?

I'm fortunate to have that in my podcast. I've had that in my lab, certainly in my podcast team. I always say, these guys go, I go. Like it's not just the people that press buttons and run equipment, take photos, like they go, I go. Like they go, it's over and I'm fine with that.

I actually love that because it's, yes, it's about the podcast and about the information and getting it out there, but it's as much about the team and working together just like it was with skateboarding. So hopefully I'm better at podcasting than I was at the skateboarding. I'm kind of getting broke off as the skateboarders say and skateboarding too often.

But I want to ask, like in your family life, do you look at that as a team? Like, do you think like this is my team and they're different and how can we synergize? - Yeah, and you've got to look at every team like that. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the team and who's going to be good at what and how do you put people in positions where they're going to be able to excel?

I mean, what's his name, Tebow? - Jim Tebow. - Jim Tebow. Imagine if he had a mentor that was only saying, listen, you got to be a pro skater. This is your only opportunity. There's nothing else. And he didn't have the ability to take a step back and say, you know what, man?

Like, I'm not going to be good enough, but I really love this industry. So luckily for him, he figured that out. And you know, you talked about the superpower of being like loving your job. The one thing I claim to be a superpower is the ability to take a step back and detach, which I guess is going back to your meditation thing.

But being able to take a step back and look at your life and say, man, I've been skateboarding longer than that guy and he's better than me. And I've been skateboarding longer than that other guy and he's better than me. I'm probably not going to be, this is probably not the right job for me.

What could I do where I could use my skillset? And obviously he had some entrepreneurial spirit and was able to figure that out. So being able to be a part of a team, and it goes to what I was saying earlier about the mob, being able to be part of a team, part of the mob, part of the gang, but still have the ability to take a step back, detach from that and assess what is the best way for this team to move forward.

I mean, you could have this brilliant idea that from now on, you're going to make all of your podcasts about the molecular structure of whatever. And you know, the rest of the team probably need to pull you aside and say, hey man, like I know you really care about that and that's awesome, but everyone really wants to hear about this other stuff.

So let's tie it in together. Let's expand this specific thing you want to talk about. So being able to take a step back, detach, and see the bigger picture, to me is the true superpower of life, of life. And it's a lot harder than it sounds. And you know, this goes back to when you start talking about people that are having, going through struggles in life, right?

And I've described this before as, you know, if I'm looking at you and you're in a bad state, right? You're depressed, you're sad, you're moping around, you're not getting anything done. And I'm looking at you from the outside and I'm thinking for me, I see this storm cloud around your head, right?

I see the storm cloud around your head and you're in there. And all you see, no matter what direction you look is storm. All you see is darkness. I'm outside and I'm looking and I'm like, "Hey man, this guy's got a great education, he's healthy. He's got a good team around him.

Like he's got all these things going for him." But you in that state, you literally cannot see anything but the darkness of the storm. And that's what's so scary about when people enter that mode is you can look, I can look at it from the outside and be like, "Andrew, you just got to move like four feet forward and you're going to be through this thing." And yet you might hear me say that and you go, "No, Jaco, I'm looking ahead.

There's nothing but darkness." So helping people move forward, take action and be able to get that perspective, detach and get outside themselves, get outside their own heads. Tim Ferriss said, "Get out of your head, get into your body. That's one way to do it, take action, go do things." But it's very scary and I'm sure you've had this experience where you're talking to someone that you know and they're bogged down in whatever problem it is, whatever stress they're under and you're looking at them going, "Hey man, it's going to be okay." Like you can clearly see that whatever is bothering them and dragging them, now you can clearly see, a lot of times it's a relationship, right?

The girl, the guy, they got dumped and you go, "Hey man, that person was a disaster anyways. You're better off without them." And they cannot compute that. They are stuck there or maybe it's the school that they didn't get into or the job that they didn't get and they get so wrapped up in that, they can't get out of that storm.

And it's such a helpless feeling to sit there and tell someone, "Hey, you just move a little bit towards me and you're going to get out of this storm." And it's so much easier said than done. And that's why trying to engage with people and trying to give people that super power of detachment where they can take a step back and say, "You know what, you're right, man.

That girl, she wasn't who I really thought she was. I should move on." Yes, but easier said than done. And that's one of the biggest challenges, I think that we have as friends and in parents and teammates is helping people learn to detach, learn to see the bigger picture, learn to see that the problem that you have, that your whole world is actually not that big of a deal.

You know what I wrote, I've written a bunch of kids' books and one of the things that triggered me to write kids' books is realizing that, you know, one day my daughter came home, it's my oldest daughter and she came home from school and she's like, she says, "I'm stupid." What do you mean you're stupid?

I'm stupid, I'm dumb, why do you think that? You know what, whatever grade it is when you're supposed to know your times tables. I don't know my times tables. I said, "Oh, well, how much have you studied?" She kind of gave me the confused look. What do you mean studied?

I said, "Have you studied yet? Have you made flashcards to learn them?" And she didn't, she hadn't. She thought she should just know them. From, you know, the teacher went over what they are and now she should know them like some other kids in the class did. And so I'm sitting there going, "Oh yeah, cool.

We'll just, you know, we'll make some flashcards." And she made flashcards and she learned her times tables in 45 minutes and we were good. But what struck me was, to me, I was like, "Oh, no big deal." To her, it was her whole life. And then I got to see that with my other kids.

You know, somebody said something to them in the recess yard and I'm like, "Oh, screw that kid. They don't know what the, don't worry about them." But when you're, that's their whole world. And that unfortunately doesn't only apply to kids. It applies to adults as well. And they get this problem in their world that seems so insurmountable and so massive because that little ecosystem that they're stuck in is their world.

And they run into this problem in that and it's disruptive in that world and they don't know how to get out of it. You know, I did a podcast talking about these ecosystems that people get into, right? And there's all these ecosystems. You're in an ecosystem. We're both in a shared ecosystem of podcasting.

And we could be like, "Oh my gosh, you know, Lex just came out with a new podcast and it's been the biggest success. And what can I do to catch up with Lex?" And all of a sudden I could get really bothered. You could get really bothered. We could be bothered by that and think, "Man, I'm a failure." Meanwhile, there's people that don't listen to podcasts.

There's people that don't even know what a podcast is. And yet it's our whole world, if we let it be. You're in the academic world. Hey, you go, you're a professor at Stanford, which is a big deal in that world. I know people that don't give a rat's ass.

They couldn't, they don't know where Stanford is. - I get that all the time. - They don't know where Stanford is. It's no big deal. In the SEAL teams, same thing. Somebody has a problem in the SEAL teams and they think this is the whole world and I blew it.

And now what are they gonna do? When you're facing a significant problem in life, a relationship, a problem with a job, you gotta remember that you're in one ecosystem. And if you step outside of that ecosystem, no one really cares. And you could go move into a totally different ecosystem and find happiness there.

But at least utilize that to get out of that storm cloud that you're in and you're gonna find that there's plenty of light out there in the world. Move towards that and it's gonna be a much better situation. - In the spirit of authenticity, everything you're saying hits directly home for me.

I don't know what people's perceptions of me are. I actually try not to spend too much time thinking about that and just really try and stay in touch with the source. And I really do believe in this notion that our love of things is what can generate energy. And I try and use action to generate energy, but also I happen to also love exercise.

So that's an easy one there for me, but I try and stay in that mode. But to be quite honest, I've spent much of my adult life and probably too much of my teenage life in twenties, you're not quite an adult, right, in your twenties, at least I certainly wasn't, in challenging relationships.

That admittedly were challenging because of my role in them also, of course, right? And each and every time I remember thinking moving on from this is like this insurmountable thing. In part because I'm a caretaker and I cared and it wasn't just about me and a selfishness, it was about wanting to right all the wrongs of that person's past.

I found myself trying to be a time machine for people. I found myself trying to fix their family lives. I found myself doing all of that and also ignoring all the things I needed to focus on in terms of bettering myself and making sure I was showing up correct and on and on.

And there are data in the world in the form of these people that know me very, very well that I think would say that and a whole lot more, right? The point isn't those specific relationships, but each and every time, someone would come along and say, listen, if this isn't good for you, it's not good for them, or this is a bad situation, or this isn't serving either of you well.

But I was like myopic, this big in the, not even so distraught view of the world, like sand speck of the world and trying to solve, 'cause that's my nature. Like I'm going to solve this, I'm going to solve it, I'm going to solve it. And sometimes things were solved for some period of time and sometimes they weren't.

And I think one thing that just as a confessional, like I will say, I could really learn the art of detachment. I could really learn to focus on that more, if that's the proper language word. I think I'm pretty good at adapting. I think I'm pretty good at finding good people.

I'm certainly love my team and that all feels like natural synergy, although it's hard work in lab and in the podcast. But I think the tendency that I have as a problem solver is to assume that every problem can be solved and therefore staying on this problem until it is solved is the answer.

And maybe the art of detachment and getting some perspective would help, because if I look back, I certainly don't regret the experiences that I've had, but I wasted far too much time. And frankly, I probably wasted far too much of other people's time trying to solve problems that could not be solved.

And I think without going into this in any more detail, and of course, you can send me a bill at the end, by the way, I think this is- - Confessions are free, man. - Yeah, so I think that being a problem solver is great. Being forward center of mass is great.

I think learning the systems of the brain and body and understanding psychology and learning about oneself, the oracle had it right, know thyself, in ways that you can maneuver functionally in your life and career and relationship, et cetera, great. But I think there's also a downside to being overly fixated.

It was like my bulldog, Costello, used to be chewing on something, chewing on something. Next thing I know, he's chewing on his foot. And you're like, hey, and you'd have to rip him off his own foot and he'd be like, ah, ah, ah, 'cause that chew reflex was just so strong that sometimes it would turn on himself.

That's kind of how it feels. - Yeah, I wrote a book called "Leadership Strategy and Tactics," and one of the things that I wrote about in that book is understanding what's important and what's not. And this is very similar to what you're talking about. Looking at a problem and taking a step back and going, well, A, is this important or not?

And B, is this solvable or is it not? And C, what's the ROI on getting it solved and what's the effort it's gonna take to get this problem solved and how much is it really gonna impact my world and my life if I focus on it? So knowing and understanding when something's important or not is a very good skill.

And again, it's a skill that's directly related to attachment, detachment, because when you're in that relationship, this is another thing I've been telling people lately, the solution to your problem is not gonna be found in the problem. It's not gonna be found in there. You have to get out of the problem so that you can look at it, make an assessment, and you can assess how to solve the problem or whether you need to solve the problem or not.

I mean, there's a lot of things in my life right now where I shrug my shoulders and go, okay, okay. Someone's saying this, okay. Roger that, like carry on, no factor, move on. And then occasionally you go, okay, this is something I need to contend with. This is something I need to deal with.

This is something I need to shape or adjust or move or solve, to use your word. The reason I laugh when I say that is because problems, you have to get in there, but if you take a step back, you can usually say, oh, a little adjustment here, a little adjustment there.

And that thing's gonna sort itself out. So detachment is a super power, man. - Certainly is. And it's certainly one that I need to focus on more. I'm grateful for bringing that up. This is the biologist in me, but you know, what is your process for engaging detachment or for disengaging?

Is it an active process where you go, you know, I'm gonna detach from this. I'm gonna put myself in a situation that is pulling on me. There's this gravitational force and I'm gonna create some imagery in my mind of walking away from it. Do I physically walk away from it?

Do I outsource it to somebody else? What are some tools for detachment? - Yeah, this is one of those situations where you and I had a discussion about the science and the practical application aligned. So my original experience with detachment was, and this is one of those moments where, you know, I said a lot of times things are just small moments over time and you make a little adjustment.

This is one of those moments in my life. And I wrote about leadership strategy and tactics where I recognized like in a moment what detachment was and how helpful it was. I'm on an oil rig doing a training mission. My whole platoon is in a skirmish line looking at a large area of the oil rig that we're supposed to be clearing.

Again, this is not combat, this is in the 90s, there's nothing going on, we're just doing training. And I'm standing in this skirmish line. And by the way, I'm the youngest and most junior guy in my platoon. And I'm standing there looking down the site of my weapon and I'm waiting for someone to make a call and tell us what to do.

And I wait for five seconds and I wait for 10 seconds and I wait for 20 seconds and no one's saying anything. And we're waiting for a leader in my platoon to make a call to tell us what to do, tell me what to do. And finally after like 30 seconds, which seems like an eternity, I can't take it anymore.

And so I take a step like a foot, one foot step, 12 inches, I take a step off the skirmish line. I look to my left, I look to my right and what I see is every other guy in my platoon is staring down their weapon. Staring down the site of their weapon which means their field of view is tiny.

It's like a 20 degree field of view. You're looking down the scope of your weapon or the site of your weapon and that's how big their field of view is. I'm looking, I'm thinking, oh, there's my platoon commander, he's looking down the scope, the site of his weapon. There's my platoon chief, he's looking down the side of his weapon.

There's my leading petty officer, he's looking down the side of his weapon. There's my assistant platoon commander, he's looking down the, so everyone in the platoon is looking down the side of their weapon which means they all have a very narrow field of vision. Well, when I take a step back and look to my left and look to my right, guess what kind of field of vision I got?

I got a massive one. I can see the whole scene and I can see exactly what it is we need to do. And at that moment, look, as a new guy, you need to keep your mouth shut. You don't say anything. And I'm thinking, well, but no one else is saying anything.

So I muster up all the courage I can and I open my mouth and I say, hold left, clear right, which is a basic tactical call. Nope, nope, nope. This is not a patent level genius maneuver. It's just a normal call to make in a situation that we were in.

I say, hold left, clear right. And I'm expecting to get kind of slapped, told, shut up, new guy. But instead, everyone just repeats the call, hold left, clear right, hold left, clear right. And we execute the maneuver and we finish the clearance of this oil rig and we get done.

We get to the top of the oil rig, which means we cleared the whole thing. We're on the helo deck at the top and we go into a debrief. And now I'm expecting, okay, now I'm gonna get told, hey, what were you doing? You need to keep your mouth shut.

And instead, the platoon chief goes, hey, Johnco, good call on the cellar deck down there. And I was kind of like, yeah, that's right. But then I thought to myself, hold on a second. Why, if I'm the youngest, most junior guy in this platoon, why was I able to see what we needed to do and make that call?

Why did that just happen? And then I realized it was 'cause I took a step back, to use your term, I broadened my field of view, which allowed me to think more clearly, 'cause instead of being hyper-focused and narrowly focused, I broadened my range of vision. I took a breath before I made my call, right?

I had to take a nice breath to speak clearly. And I realized that taking a step back and detaching, I got to see infinitely more than even the most experienced guys in my platoon. And I started doing it all the time. And I started doing it in land warfare.

I started doing it in urban combat. I started doing it in all these tactical training scenarios. These are just training, this is the 90s. Started doing these training scenarios, and it always allowed me to see what we needed to do. And then I started doing it like when I was having conversations with people and having a conversation with my platoon chief, and I can see that he's starting to turn a little red in the face, and we're about to argue about something.

I said, oh, wait a second. I'm taking a step back, look and go, he's getting mad right now, and he's the platoon chief. You better just deescalate this thing real quick. And I'd say, hey, you know what, chief, that sounds good. Let me go take a, let me go relook at the plan or whatever.

And so I started to do this kinda with my normal life, was to not get wrapped up in my own emotions, not get wrapped up in the gunfight that was happening right in front of my face, not to get wrapped up in the details of what was going on, but instead take a step back, detach, look around, and then you can make a much, much better decision.

And it's not, it's exponential. If you're looking down the sights of your weapon and you take a step back and you look around, it's exponential how much more you can see. Now, listen, if you are the only person in a gunfight, it's gonna be harder for you to do that 'cause you gotta be focused on whatever you're shooting at.

But when you have 16 guys or 20 guys, they're all looking in the same direction, it's very easy to be the guy that goes, I'm gonna take a step back, look around, make a call. So when you talk about the mechanics, when I teach this to people now, the mechanics of it, take a step back.

Literally, you and I are at a meeting, there's a bunch of people, this starts to get heated argument, I will literally push my chair back away from the table, change my perspective, open, widen my field of view. The other thing, like in the SEAL teams, you don't wanna sound panicked on the radio for a couple reasons.

Number one, because when you panic on the radio, it's gonna cause other people to panic. Number two, if you panic on the radio and you sound panicked, everyone's gonna make fun of you. So when you get back from the mission, everything's gonna go, you sounded like a baby out there.

So what would I do before I would key up my radio? Take a breath. And so here I'm manually slowing down my breath, I'm broadening my field of view. So if you're in a meeting or you're at the supermarket parking lot and someone starts to yell at you, take a step back, take a breath, broaden your field of view, detach from those emotions that you're having and make some space.

And that's how I go through the mechanics of detachment. Now I can tell you right now, I mean, when you do this all the time, which I kind of do this all the time, I don't really have to like step back, but when you're starting to be able to try and do this, absolutely, make them, and I'll tell you, here's another like weird little nuance thing.

Lift your chin up and put your hands down. Now this isn't, not in a combat situation, not in a fight, but here's the thing. When I get defensive, what am I gonna do? I'm gonna raise my hands up and put my chin down. That's like a fighting mode. So if you and I are having a discussion and I'm starting to get heated and I'm starting to like, oh, he's not listening to me, instead of me putting my chin down and putting my hands like up to where I can put them in your face a little bit, no, I'm actually gonna take a step back.

I'm gonna say, put my chin up. It changes my perspective a little bit more, changes my visual perspective, just changing the angle of my head. Take a step back, put my hands down. I'm not being in a defensive mood. I actually wanna hear what you have to say. And if I start listening to what you have to say and not talking, it's very hard to be detached when you're talking.

It's another key component. You wanna detach, shut your mouth. So I'm in meetings, you know, in a bunch of different companies. I'm running, I have a bunch of, I own a bunch of different companies. I'm in a meeting in my companies. I'm not the one that's doing all the talking.

In fact, I'm doing mostly listening. When I'm in task unit bruiser, my task unit, I'm not sitting there giving the entire brief. No, I'm letting the platoon chief and the platoon commanders give those briefs. And that way I'm detached. I'm listening to what they have to say. I'm more capable of seeing what holes there are in their plans by not moving my mouth, not talking, I'm listening.

So those are some of the methodologies that I use and that I advise people to use in order to effectively start down the pathway of being able to detach in various scenarios. - I love it. Again, I'm saying I love it because I do love it. And thank you.

I think it's a wonderful technique. We've talked before on your podcast and some of my listeners, maybe not all to this podcast, will be familiar with the fact that when we narrowly focus our gaze on one target, a number of things happen. Our visual world becomes constricted, of course, but also that we start slicing time more finely and the dopamine system tends to start doing a kind of anticipation and trying to guide and direct things in that narrow tunnel of view.

Whereas when we literally take on panoramic visions and not necessarily moving our head around, although one could, but broadening our field of view or looking at a horizon, especially if we're walking, but getting that kind of, not kind of getting a broader field of view, we slice time differently.

Things don't feel as imposing on us. This is the physiological substrate underlying what you're describing. And I think it goes a step further because in that open, larger aperture of visual understanding, there's an open larger window of cognitive understanding and new options start to surface. Right, I mean, I think this is, I've long been fascinated by the fact that this actually, I'll tell this real quick story.

In 2015, I was, I went over to Spain to do some mountaineering with Wim Hof. Okay, this wasn't because I wanted a podcast. I didn't have any social media. I just went over there 'cause I'd heard this guy, Wim, contacted him, somehow arranged a trip for myself and I went over there and we did some crazy, dangerous mountaineering that I had no business doing.

Almost ripped my left leg off in a stunt that was organized by others there that I never should have done. In any case, one day, I look and Wim is like crouched on the ground next to like a curb in this parking lot before a hike. He's down there on the ground with a little stick.

And I was like, "What are you doing?" And he's like, "Look." And there were ants climbing up this thing. And he's like, "They're mountaineering this curb." And I thought, this guy's different, right? But then I realized we were about to do the same thing up this big face. And I thought, wow, like he's able to think at these different scales and see similarities.

I thought, that's pretty cool. I would have never stopped to look there and I still remember it, right? And was it profound? No. Was it interesting? Yeah, in the sense that things are happening at all scales all the time. And we think we know the scale to pay attention to and we think that that's the one that matters most.

And I think it's fair to say that in a gunfight, like there is a scale that matters most, but new options, new perspectives actually come from that broader field of view, which is what you're describing. And later that day, it's interesting because this group going up, some of them were really challenged in the climb.

And we went back to this example of how the ants would stack on top of one another. And he used an analogy from that to help people through this climb. And there was a beautiful pool at the top, et cetera, et cetera. Anyway, I think that these examples are in fact meaningful, especially the ones that you gave, because they don't just relate to military.

I mean, you can imagine around the dinner table, I've had this, you know, kids are there and partners there. And sometimes it's really nice to sit back and just kind of hear it all and bask in it all. But oftentimes like new information will surface. Like you said, you know, like all I'm hearing is worries out of this person or they're not even really here.

They're all talking about what we're going to do next, next time, next time, next time. And kind of like you re-anchor people to like, hey, like maybe let's focus on what we're doing here. Or sometimes people are hyper-focused on what's happening there and they need to think about something in the future.

I love this. I need to practice detachment in a number of different domains in my life. One thing that I'm realizing after hearing you describe the process that I really need to do is I need to start taking some time away from my work, maybe even a little bit of time parallel to relationship to sort of get better perspective on it.

Because I think the problem solving nature in us really makes us myopic, really makes us nearsighted. - Yeah, that's, you see this a lot. I mean, I get to see this a lot. We do events with companies, businesses, and we go offsite somewhere where they're detached. They're just, they're de facto detached from their day-to-day business.

You pull someone out of their business for two days and all of a sudden they start seeing the solutions. They never see them. It's a lot harder for them to see them when they're in the firefight. You get them out of the firefight. It's hard for them to see it when they're in that acquisition that they're doing.

How are we gonna merge these two cultures? This is gonna be impossible. Boom, pull them out. All right, let's talk about the two cultures. And let's talk about what possible outcomes there are. And all of a sudden when you get them to take a step back, the solutions will appear.

And it is true in a gunfight. Now listen, if it's a one-on-one gunfight, even then the ability to take a step back and look around or use your peripheral vision, you have to be able to do this. It's gonna increase, it's exponential how much it, that's why it's like a superpower.

It's like cheating. It's like cheating. You know, I was speaking of Seth Stone. Seth Stone took over, he became a task unit commander, a troop commander when we got back from Ramadi. And so now he's the guy in charge and now I was running the training. And a couple months into his training, he broke his neck, broke his vertebrae in his neck.

His spinal cord was okay. So he was, you know, the guy with the big neck brace on and he couldn't do any arduous training. And his SEAL task unit, which is two platoons, was going through their land warfare training. And he couldn't do it. He couldn't carry a rucksack, couldn't carry a machine gun, so he couldn't do it.

So I said, hey, I'm coming out. Let's go out and you can observe your guys and see how they're doing. And so there we are, we're out in the desert. His troop is going through field training exercise or full mission profile. So it's like a big fake operation. There's a fake target, there's fake bad guys.

We're using these laser, these high-speed laser guns to shoot. And we're kind of standing on this little berm. And at a certain point in the operation, his whole task unit, like 40 guys, gets pinned down in this little ravine. And so we're kind of standing in the ravine with these guys and no one's making any decisions.

And the enemy with these laser guns are starting to maneuver and starting to, they're killing guys 'cause these laser guns, you can die. And Seth, like, he hits me on the arm. He's like, can I tell him what to do? And I was like, no, let him figure it out.

So another 30 seconds pass, another guy gets killed with laser. He hits me again, bro, let me say something to him. And I was like, no, let him figure it out. Another minute goes by, two more guys are now dead, just laser dead, but they're dead. And he hits me again and he's like, bro, let me tell him.

And I go, all right, go ahead and tell him. And so he just crouches down next to one of the guys and bangs him on the shoulder, go, peel right. And which is, again, it's just a fundamental basic call. And the guy shouts it out, peel right, and they start peeling right.

And another minute later, they're all out of the kill zone and everything's okay. And then Seth looks at me and he goes, man, this is so easy way up here. And I said, bro, look at where we are. We're in the ravine with the guys. We're, now we're on a knee and the guys are laying down, but it's not this, we weren't on some elevated position.

And I said, hey, it's not that we're in an elevated position. It's just that we're detached and looking around. And he goes, oh my God. And I said, hey, you remember when you and I went through this training? And he goes, yeah. And I go, this is what it was like for me all the time.

I was constantly just looking around. So that's why it seems like a magic power, right? It's like a superpower 'cause Seth's down there with his gun and he's shooting. I'm like, hey bro, move your guys over to that, go to that ridge line right there, set security, boom. And how did Jaco see that?

Jaco must be a tactical genius. No, I'm not a tactical genius. I'm just taking a step back and looking around. And like you just said, it applies to everything that we do if you're having a conversation with your significant other and you start to see that they're getting frustrated about something.

Now look, if you're in the conversation 100%, you're going to get frustrated too. You're going to get frustrated, they're frustrated. Next thing you know, you've got an emotional argument going on. Whereas if you can take a mental step back and say, wait a minute, why are they frustrated right now?

Oh, because I'm trying to solve their problem when really what they're looking to do is vent. OK, got it. Let them vent. OK, cool. Oh, that sounds horrible. What do you think you're going to do? Instead of saying, well, if that's the problem, here's what you should do. Because people are always looking for that.

So yeah, this thing, this ability is-- and it's something that can absolutely be trained. And that's what's cool about it, can absolutely be trained. It's not a natural gift. Some people will be better at it than others. But it's something that you can train. And I used to see guys develop it.

And I see people develop it now in the business world where they'll report back to me. You know, oh, we had a meeting with the union today. And the union started escalating what they wanted to do. And I just detached. And we ended up de-escalating. And now we've got a solution.

So this is an absolute skill set that can be learned. And that's what makes it especially nice. Because there's some people-- look, if you're very articulate, born very-- some people are born more articulate than other people. Some people are born with an ability to simplify things more than others.

And you can train. You can become more articulate. You can learn to simplify things more. And some people are going to be naturally good at detaching. But everyone can get better at it. And that's a beautiful thing. It is a beautiful thing. And I'm highly incentivized to do this.

I mean, there are areas of my life that are going really well that I also want to apply it there. I think that I've tended to rely on people close to me as a way to access this detachment. I will be very direct in saying that I am not the leader of my podcast.

There is a leader. It is not me. I'm part of the team. But it is not me. And I often rely on his input. And sometimes that input is solicited. And sometimes it's not. One place, for instance, where you see people getting really myopic is on social media. And I've experienced this.

I'd love to say that I'm always non-reactive. And I think, in general, I take the stance that I have filters. So I have filters. I know why I'm there. I'm interested in being a teacher and a giver and informing people about the beauty and utility of biology. That's why I say it's not a mission statement.

It's a fact. That's what I care about. Anything that doesn't fit through that filter, I don't really have any business doing. But occasionally, I like to make a joke or something. But occasionally, something comes through. And I find myself, wait a second. And you get sucked into that tunnel.

And sometimes it's observing other people in tunnels. And when you're not in the tunnel, it's so obvious what's happening. You're watching, in some cases, people just dragging their lives, in some cases, sinking their entire careers. I mean, the former chair of psychiatry at Columbia University in New York made an absolutely foolish, truly insensitive, totally inappropriate tweet.

That's my opinion. And I think it was the opinion of all the people that fired him from his job. This person who was at the apex of his career lost his job for saying something terrible. And in retrospect, was like, said something like, I don't know what I was thinking, you know?

And so this guy's a psychiatrist. So he lives in the study and the treatment of the mind, which just goes to show that everyone, I think, is susceptible to being pulled into these tunnels. And fortunately, everyone is susceptible to learning to teach themselves how to ratchet themselves out of it.

So I love this idea of a teachable skill. I'm certainly going to practice it in one-on-one and in group situations and in a variety of situations. I think that the tunnel has a gravitational pull. There's an allure to that tunnel. And I always just go right back to the neurochemistry.

I think that there's something about solving a problem inside of a tunnel, like an animal on a chase. But at some point, that animal could get picked off by a run over by a truck because it didn't have enough situational awareness. I'm definitely going to practice this through opening the gaze and broadening gaze.

And I think I also do for a couple of days off from things to just walk and think about work. On these retreats, do people work on work? Or are they just there to do other things? And that's where the ideas surface. We'll do a little bit of both.

So we'll do some stuff that is focused on work, but then we'll pull out and do things that are completely unrelated to work for that very reason. Whether we do something physical, whether we do some kind of a mental exercise, but we do things that are completely unrelated to their work and take those breaks in order for them to free their mind.

You know what bothers you about social media? When you say there's some things that kind of make you mad? I mean, not me, but could be. No, of course, of course. Like I'm a human, you know, little things, little things. It's not the things that are obvious. It's actually not direct critique of me.

It's when people exploit misunderstandings to try and create a greater misunderstanding that doesn't exist. That's what gets me. Because to a scientist, that's like the most irritating thing. I don't know what the analogy would be in the SEAL teams, but it's like someone like hijacking something that like, they didn't mean that, but then they kind of, they distort the argument.

The word gaslighting gets thrown around a lot now. A lot of people actually think that anytime someone states a boundary, like, no, I don't believe that's that, that that's gaslighting. Trust me, the psychiatrists who are all professionally trained tell me that is not gaslighting. Gaslighting is a very particular thing where you're trying to alter someone's reality in a very active, almost like sociopathic way.

So I just want, that's a little editorializing right there. What bothers me is when people hijack, you know, sometimes someone in an argument is in a sophisticated with their language to somebody else. So someone will hijack that lack of sophistication and try and flip them on their back. That sort of thing really gets under my skin because I feel that creates unnecessary divide.

There are a few other things, but you know, I always joke in my lab and I'll say, you know, I have 3000 pet peeves, but I also have like 3000 flaws to match each one of those pet peeves, so. - Yeah, whenever I'm, and this is not just social media, but it's just life, you know, when somebody says something about me or to me that I don't like.

What I realized years ago is like, the reason I don't like it is 'cause there's some truth in what they're saying. And the best thing to do is to say either to yourself, if you're by yourself or to them, is to say, yeah, yeah, yeah, you're right, I am kind of a knucklehead sometimes.

Or yeah, you're right, I sometimes do jump to conclusions. Or yeah, yeah, you're right, I was completely wrong about that. And that is just so much more liberating and healthy than saying, you don't know what you're talking about. Or no, I don't, just going into that defensive mode and trying to close your mind instead of opening your mind up to listen to what somebody else has to say and say, yeah, that's a good point, you're spot on with that one.

Next question, next comment, let's go. - One thing I appreciate about you on social media is the limited number of words in each of your responses. It's a great thing and forcing you to be efficient and concise actually is a huge advantage. It also forces you to be precise, at least about category, right?

I think there's something to be said for that. - Well, there's a good example. So I was on social, on Twitter the other day since Twitter's getting a lot of traction right now, there's a lot of mayhem going on in Twitter. - The other gunfight. - And somebody asked me, somebody said, hey, I'm going to bootcamp soon, what advice do you have for me?

And I wrote back, enjoy, boom. And like you said, I mean, it's Twitter, I'm responding to a bunch of people. And then somebody else chimed in and said, might as well not even answer Jocko, that's not helping this guy at all. And look at your face, for those of you that are watching, your face just got a little bit mad, right?

You got a little bit defensive for me. - Yeah, well, I think that's my nature. I don't like seeing other people sort of attacked. I think that's just my nature. - I had a split second of who the hell is this guy? And then I said, you know what, he's right.

And then I tweeted again, back then I said, sorry, man, you're right. What I should have said was, hey, read the book Leadership Strategy and Tactics. It's a good book for someone that is going to be in an environment that's going to be challenging and we're going to be faced with leadership challenges and enjoy bootcamp because if your mindset is, this is sucks and this is terrible, it's going to be terrible and it's going to suck.

And if you go with a mindset of, hey, this is a cool experience and I should enjoy it, you're going to have a much better time. That's my full answer, I'm sorry, I didn't give you. And it's perfectly fine. Like that guy was right to critique me. And he was right in saying that.

And there was a bunch of, what's funny is a bunch of other people came to my defense and said, this guy, that's really great. And so, but my point is instead of me getting defensive and crazy and letting it drive me crazy, opened my mind a little bit, listen to what they have to say, accept that there's got to be some level of truth in it.

And there was, I gave a guy a very, very terse response and I could have expanded on it more. And I did, no big deal, good times. - A few minutes ago, I was thinking to myself, I wonder where your mind is at like in the few moments before you fall asleep.

Like, are you able to make yourself go mind blank pretty easily? It's something I've been practicing more because I tend to, again, ruminate. I like to drill into problems, obviously. Yesterday I did a solo episode, which when we do those, they're usually anywhere from five to 20 hours of prep.

And then the recordings, I won't say how long they take, but I love going into the tunnel, right? The tunnel is like the, that's where the juice is for me. And finding the structure and I have the benefit of an amazing producer who helps me sort through it. And when I kind of like came out of this thing and then went home, couldn't eat.

So I was just like, I don't want dinner. And then I was explaining a call I had with a colleague the other day. And, you know, my partner, she, my girlfriend, she was just like, you know, like, okay, like I'm going to sleep. And I was like up and like thinking of texting and like thinking of writing notes out.

And I thought, oh man, like I'm like Costello, like chewing on the stick and like chewing into my paw. I need, I need sleep. I need to go to sleep. So I think I have a bit of a harder time disengaging clearly and this is why I never touched cocaine or amphetamine because I think that some of us have a love of the dopamine circuitry that I always sensed if I were to have tried drugs like that, that they might've been the, the thing that would like hit my neural circuits just right.

You know, some people talk about alcohol that way. I've read books by alcoholics, like the book "Dry" and a few other, Rich Roll talks about this, that he drank alcohol for the first time in college. And it was like this elixir that filled his body that made him feel right for the first time.

Like that is not how I feel after a couple of drinks. I feel a little relaxed, but I can do without it. But this drilling into something is really, that's my, I guess maybe that's my, I don't think it's the superpower, but I have some, some strength there, but I think it's also the thing that cut, that can cut on the other side.

- Yeah, when you started off this conversation early, you talked about, you know, getting up in the morning and do you just get up and you have these, and I was about to go down the path of like, it's at nighttime when I'm trying to go to sleep and I have some random thought about something that that can be a hard, I have a visual thing that's going on.

It seems like I'm on a rollercoaster and I'm going in like a new idea comes and I'm just like on this awesome ride and it's not gonna stop and I can't, I don't know how to stop that. - Oh no, I mean, I think it goes with people who are very driven and like to master different crafts.

I have a colleague, his name is Carl Deisseroth, he's a bioengineer, he has five children and he's a psychiatrist. He's like an incredible, like one of these people that does a ton, very likely will win the Nobel Prize. I mean, he's an amazing scientist, amazing guy, and he does this practice that he does, which is not a meditation, which is he sits for an hour late at night after his kids have gone to sleep and he forces himself, forces himself to think in complete sentences with punctuation about some problem.

I tried doing that for about five minutes and I fell off. But it's something that he's cultivated in himself, which helps him in his career, right? I don't think this, there's certainly not something I recommend. If I did that at one or two in the morning, I think that would be bad for my sleep because falling asleep actually requires drifting into these kind of liminal states.

It's one of the reasons why I'm a big proponent of things like non-sleep deep rest or these yoga nidra practices, which are basically body scans where you're trying to learn to detach from the sensory world. And they're very effective at, certainly for me they've been very effective at teaching me to kind of turn off thinking, which is an interesting notion in its own right.

But I like the idea of detachment by stepping back and getting perspective. My father is much better at that. He's a very calm guy in the world of confrontation. I always knew it when I was a kid 'cause he would blink, which meant like something was gonna happen, like I was gonna get it.

And now, but I've always noticed he can control his responses and his behavior. Others of us in the family, the side from New Jersey, we're more like go to loggerheads. So I don't know. This raises a question. And I think it's one that I and several other people I talked to in anticipation of this podcast were asking.

I think one reason why people are drawn to people who have been in the SEAL teams and you in particular are that I think everybody, not just males, but females too, I think everybody wants to know their calibration point on their level of toughness. I think people wonder. You know, I think when people talk about Buds and all that, I think a lot of people wonder, would I make it through, right?

I've certainly wondered it. I haven't spent hours on it. I went my path. I'm happy for the path I went. But I think people wonder, like, do I have this thing that supposedly Buds selects for? And if I don't, how tough am I or not tough am I? I think that we all can look at other people physically.

And I'm not somebody that does a lot of this. I know some people are really obsessed by this. Like, oh, that person has like an eight pack with like veins on there. Like, I don't understand that. That's not me. But I understand some people do that even to the point of pathology.

But I think most people wonder like, how resilient am I? And they can look to experiences that they've survived and say, I made it through or I'm resilient or not. But is there a way that like we can, certainly that we can train it by doing hard things, cold showers, this kind of thing, or like small examples of those.

But do you think it's even an important question to ask? And if it is, you know, how does one go about thinking? Like where, like how resilient am I? Should we put ourselves into situations of discomfort just to test that? Because I will say, I think a lot of people look to SEAL teams and team guys in particular as kind of a calibration point of like, okay, they know how to do hard things.

They were selected for the ability to carry logs and get into cold water over and over and roll in the sand and go without sleep for a week or so. But that's probably not what they were doing when they were on deployment. It's clearly a pressure test for something else.

- Yeah, it's a strange, strange thing, the basic underwater demolition SEAL training. And quite frankly, going and getting wet and cold and being miserable is actually nothing compared to like being on deployment. And a good example that I use to compare this to is when I was on deployment in 2006 in Ramadi, there was, as you were driving off base to go to the city, to go into the city and conduct operations, as you drove out of the compound, on your right was this area that was called the vehicle graveyard.

And the vehicle graveyard was exactly what it sounds like. It was probably 75 or 100 vehicles that were blown up, destroyed, burned in various twisted conditions that had been dragged back through the city and put into this vehicle graveyard. And as you drove by that vehicle graveyard, you know without question that every one of those twisted vehicles represented one, two, three, four, five American casualties, wounded, horribly wounded, killed and there you are in a vehicle about to roll out into that city where what you're looking at can easily be you in the next three minutes.

And you're gonna do that today. You're gonna do that tomorrow. You can do that the next day and the day after that and the day after that. That compared to, and by the way, this isn't just SEALs that are doing that. This is Marines, this is the army guys that are over there.

This is what everyone is doing and they do it. They do it. I talk about Mark Lee, he was one of my guys, first SEAL killed in Iraq and he was the lead turret gunner in the lead Humvee. And like in Vietnam, if you were the point man in Vietnam, if you're on an infantry patrol, you were the point man in Vietnam, you were at risk.

Booby traps, ambush, so they rotated you out. Like you didn't have to stay up there all the time. You do an hour up at the last point, man, they get someone else up there. And that guy, the lead turret gunner in a Humvee column of four or five or six vehicles, you hit an IED, that's the vehicle that's gonna hit it, right?

If you go into an ambush, that's the guy that's gonna get hit. It's the guy that's standing up in a 50 caliber turret that's the guy that's gonna die. And Mark was, you know, he was a new guy, so he's in that lead turret, 50 cal and he never asked to get rotated out.

And I remember, he's a very, like to say very, he was extremely charismatic, funny, gregarious comedian. And, you know, we got all kinds of stories about Mark, but one of them, you know, we were in Vegas and we're all gambling. And like, I come down from my hotel room and like, I see Mark across the, he's playing blackjack, you know, he sees me, he goes, "Hey, sir, when are the new Cadillacs coming out?" Like, he's just lighting up everybody, just having a fantastic time.

But I remember one night, you know, he's getting ready to roll out. And if I wasn't going out with the platoons, I'd like go out, you know, like see the guys off, give them a hand salute as they're leaving. And I'm like, "How are you doing, Mark, you good to go?" And he's like, "Feeling lucky, sir." You know, like that was his attitude.

And he's a guy that's gonna drive by that vehicle graveyard, drive right out on that city. And he's gonna do it the next day and the day after that and the day after that. So, and like I said, that's what the army guys are doing. That's what the Marine Corps guys are doing.

They're doing it. And so as much as the mythology around basic SEAL training goes, to me, that's that experience in combat and what guys do is infinitely harder and infinitely more important. Now, all that being said, basic SEAL training is a very strange laboratory for human beings. It is a very strange laboratory for human beings.

And it's a, it's kind of crazy the way it works. It's very, it's obviously extremely difficult, but there's no, like you, I wouldn't put money. You could put odds on somebody making it through. You know, like, hey, that guy seems like it's gonna be good to go, but I wouldn't put a bunch of money on it, right?

And I wouldn't take like 100%. I would never take 100% bet on anybody. 'Cause there's no one that's 100% gonna make it through that training. And there's just random, you know, some people say, it's well, it's 'cause of your wife. There's people that make it through SEAL training 'cause their ex-girlfriend said they couldn't make it.

There's some other guy that makes it through because they promised God that they would make it. There's some other guy that made it through because, you know, their dad said they could have it. There's like every one of these examples you can come up with. And it's good enough for some random dude to make it through.

And it doesn't matter what your pedigree is, doesn't matter where you're from. There's guys from Iowa, there's guys from Florida, there's guys from wherever that make it. And there's guys from Iowa, and there's guys from Florida, and there's guys from wherever that don't make it. Guys from farms, guys from silver spoon in their mouth, and you just can't predict it.

And I mean, it has to have something to do with the fact that how bad you actually wanna do it. That's, it's a strange thing. And I wouldn't, you know, I wouldn't try and, you know, if I was in the world, if I didn't do that training, I wouldn't be trying to figure out if I could make it or not 'cause you don't know, you don't know.

It's a very strange thing. And it's so mythical almost right now, right? It's mythical that how hard it is. And this is not too many people make it through, man. - 15%. - Yeah. - Yeah. - Yeah, from all the folks that I've talked to who are there, gone through, been instructors there, some we both know, seem that that 15% number is unlikely to change as long as they keep the process the same.

It just seems like about 15% of people seem to have something in them that can perhaps grow during that training, but that it is being identified and selected for rather than somehow being built up across at least that phase of the early phases of training. And then at some point they build on that capacity.

And this gets to this really somewhat controversial issue, frankly, like are people wired differently? And listen, I started off in neural development and I'll tell you that there are some universal properties of neural development in all surviving humans like that you're going to breathe without having to think about it.

Your heart's going to beat without having to think about it. But beyond that, there's a lot of variation in natural levels of dopamine and serotonin. There's nature, plays a powerful role and nurture. And what's interesting though, is we can't always predict from parents what nature is going to do.

Recently, we had someone on the podcast. I'm excited for you to listen to it. Perhaps you will, if I send it to you, is a guy who talks about inheritable acquired traits. You don't expect that because you work out that your grandkids will be more muscular and have better endurance.

But there's actually some evidence that that may be the case. And you go, well, how could that be? We've got two kinds of cells in your body. It turns out you have what are called somatic cells, which are all of them. Then you have the germ cells, which are your sperm and your wife's eggs.

Well, why wouldn't the DNA of the sperm cells and the egg cells be modifiable by experience if all the other cells are? And it turns out there's some evidence that maybe it's not the DNA, but that the RNA are. Think about that. That means that whether, and we've known this, that people that have been in a famine several generations later, their implications for blood sugar regulation in their great grandkids.

So the idea that experience and acquired traits can change us actually has some validity. And this gets into really complicated things. So people go, oh, this is like the giraffe that had to crane its neck and then gave birth to longer necked giraffes. And it's like, well, not exactly, but also not entirely untrue either.

So I love the idea that there are inherited traits and that nature and nurture play a role, but that hard work may actually transmit across generations. - Yeah, in SEAL training, you have kids that come through that they call legacies, which means that they have a dad, I think a dad, brother, whatever, and they do have a better chance of making it, but it's not a guaranteed chance at all.

And my personal opinion is like, I think a legacy kid would have a better chance of making it just due to the Thanksgiving dinner that you're gonna have to go through for the rest of your life with your family. - If you don't. - Yeah, if you're even invited, which you might be on your own.

But yeah, so maybe there's something to that as well. But I think that's just more the pressure that someone must feel like, hey, there's no way I'm gonna be allowed back in my home if I don't make it through this training. So I'm gonna have to just go ahead and suck it up.

But not everyone makes it. And it's a bummer when that does occur. - Well, for people who are not thinking about going through SEAL training or who miss the opportunity or who are not interested in that for whatever reason, do you think there's value to doing things each day that suck a little bit?

Or from time to time doing something that puts one into a state of deliberate discomfort? - 100%, yeah. I mean, 100%. I mean, even in order to improve yourself, you gotta impose some discipline on yourself, right? If you wanna get stronger, you've gotta do things that require strength. If you wanna be tougher, you gotta do things that require you to be tougher.

I think that's pretty straightforward. - Does that mean doing things that are not pleasurable? So for instance, you and I have done some long podcasts. And a few weeks ago, I did a series. We were doing a series with Andy Galpin, all about exercise and exercise science. And we did six podcasts in that week, the most I've ever done, which made doing four or five the next week not so bad.

But I loved every second of it. And I love every second of podcasting. And so it didn't suck, but it built up a greater capacity. I guess I'm asking specifically about things that really feel like a splinter. Is there any value to that? Because I have to say, there are some people I know, some of them are former team, are team guys.

I guess you don't say former team guys. They were out, they're out of the teams now, but they're team guys forever, who seem to not be rattled by little things. Those guys in particular, they don't seem to be rattled by little things. And then I know people that, you know, they get the wrong size coffee at a coffee shop and they dissolve into a puddle of tears, right?

So there does seem to be something to this whole like mental resilience thing and flexibility thing. And I try and do something that's uncomfortable to me about once a week, something I really don't like. It doesn't matter what that is, but I try and do something that's kind of like unpleasant.

Or do something in a way that's unpleasant. I guess the example would be getting into the cold water the first thing in the morning and making that decision from under the blankets is a rough one for me. But then it gets easier. And then you wonder, is it still serving the purpose that it's building me up?

So should people seek truly like bad experiences provided that they're done in a safe way? - Yeah, yeah. I think that you're gonna, just like you would develop your legs by doing squats and you would develop your back by doing pull-ups. I think you would develop your resiliency by doing repetitions of things that require you to be tougher.

- That actually sucks. Okay, good. And the reason I ask this is because I think a lot of people think, well, I work out every day, but then you probe them a little bit and they're like, but I love exercise. And then, well, then that doesn't quite qualify as something that makes you tougher, right?

Or they think, oh, the last reps of a set are really tough. But if you love hitting failure on a set, 'cause that's kind of what I seek in the gym, I love that aspect of the training. That's actually where I know I'm getting better. It no longer serves as resilience training.

It more just serves as training. In any case, I think that the point is clear and I appreciate your answer. I have to ask about something. This is gonna seem like a total divergence, but it's not, which is animals. Because first of all, they're a love of mine in terms of understanding the animal kingdom and placing humans into the animal kingdom.

Second of all, I know you're a hunter. And also I know you own dogs. And the question I have is, do you ever look at people or did you ever work in teams of guys when you were on active duty? Kind of see that the differences, you know, you mentioned before, this person's really good at problem solving.

This person's a little bit more creative. Do you ever wonder whether or not people kind of embody different kind of animal archetypes? 'Cause I do. - Well, that thing where people say that dogs or owners look like their dogs, dogs look like their owners. I think that's, I've seen all kinds of examples.

You can go on the internet and find a bunch of examples of dogs that look like their owners and owners that look like their dogs. So I think that's true. And I think, you know, my dog's awesome. - Tell me about your dog, which kind of dog is it?

- My dog is a German Shepherd. His name is Odin and he's an awesome dog. You know, like, and he's got a personality, but he's got an interesting personality. So like, he doesn't like to like cuddle, right? Like my kids will be like, oh, he doesn't like to cuddle.

No, even, you know, when we go to bed at night, he goes to, you know, four feet away from the foot of my bed. Even if I was like, hey, jump up here. I've told him, jump up in here. You know, we want to pet you. He'll jump up in there and he just like, kind of goes in that low crouch position and then sort of waits until I say free dog.

And then he goes back down and he goes four feet away from the foot of the bed and sits there. 'Cause he's, that's his personality is to protect and set security and do his job. And that's what he's like. And so, you know, you've got other dogs that are, you know, they're not gonna, they're at a totally different mindset.

So yeah, dogs have definite personalities. - And look, I also have, it's not all genetic. So two of my friends got dogs that were brothers. What are they called? Dogo Argentinos, do you know what that is? - Oh, the Dogos. Yeah, those are hard to get in the US.

They're not, they might not even be legal in the United States. So don't tell me who these people are. Not that I care, but I'm not gonna report them. - I won't tell you who they are, but these two guys, and those two guys had different personalities. One guy is a very happy-go-lucky, likes to smoke pot, likes to hang out, very, just a chill kind of playful guy.

The other guy's not, he's the opposite in every category. So, and they both got these dogs. And you fast forward, fast forward like a year, the dog that was owned by the playful guy, his dog was just a big puppy licking at, you know, just wagging the tail. The other dog, you had to keep it in a cage or it would murder everything in sight.

And these dogs were brothers from the same litter and they were completely opposite. And so I think it has a lot more to do with, with nurture than it does to do with nature. But that being said, you know, when you look at, when you look at mouths, I mean, mouths have a personality that is very distinct compared to a German Shepherd.

Now, look, there's outlying mouths, there's outlying German Shepherds, there's outlying, you know, you name, whatever kind of golden retriever or whatever dog is known for being more playful. Like you get around a mouth, mouths are mouths. And they're that way. Have you been around mouths before? - Oh, yeah, a few of them.

My neighbor has one. And that thing is not terribly friendly, but it's a security dog, so I don't expect it to be. - Yeah, I know that they use them for work in the teams. And I've heard that you have to keep a close eye on your relationship with them 'cause if you get lax about it, they'll bite you.

Is that true? - The first time I saw one, we were doing like a drill with using dogs for the first time. And then one of the team guide dog handlers came out. And so we hit this target building and, you know, they kind of pre-briefed us like, "Hey, you get this target building and this guy's going to be a runner or squirter." And so we pull up in the Humvees, assault team jumps out.

I'm kind of staying external. I kind of want to see what's going to happen. So the squirter goes running off and the dog handler, like, whatever, tracks his dog on this guy and then releases. It gives him whatever commands, you know, whatever the commands are. That thing is like totally primed.

Like unlike anything you've ever seen in your life, it is just primed, it's tracking that guy. He hits that release on that leash and that thing takes off at a thousand miles an hour. It jumps like, I'm not kidding, 15 feet, maybe 10 feet in the air away and just chomps onto this dude.

The dude goes down. It was freaking awesome. - I've seen some videos of those Malinois. I guess I didn't, forgive me, 'cause before I didn't know what you're referring to, but Mal's, Belgian Malinois, those dogs like running up trees, jumping over little rivers. Yeah, it's crazy, incredibly powerful animals.

Yeah, well, the idea that they mimic their owners has me a little concerned 'cause my last dog, I had to put him down, was my Bulldog Costell. He's a Bulldog Mastiff. I got him because I went to pick out a puppy, basically, and there were eight of these Bulldogs and all of them were running around and then there's one in the background just eating out of all of their bowls.

And I was like, I want that one, you know? Big Bulldog, biggest one in the litter, laziest creature, not just dog, but laziest creature that ever existed. But if he needed to activate, he would. He was just very efficient with his energy. And I don't think I have a Bulldog personality and that's why I got him, to kind of balance me out.

Never retrieved, never did anything, stole and destroyed every toy at every dog park in San Diego who's kind of famous there. I had to bring $5 bills to pay people for all the balls and things he would destroy. So anyway, my apologies to all the dog owners, not really, I miss them.

Did you train your dog or did someone else announce? - I did. - And was he trained to be a security dog or a kind of family dog or kind of a mixture? - Yep, yep. I mean, the true working dogs, unless you have the time and effort to put into them or you buy them that way, you don't, like you don't want one of those dogs that I was just describing in your house.

They're not for a house. Unless there's like, there's that level, my dog's not that level, he's awesome. - Did you apply some of the same principles that you use in leadership of humans with your dog? - Yep, there are a lot of similar principles, but there's also, you know, there's some differences.

There's like, they're pack animals, right? And they respond to, you know, the pack leader. It is funny, you know, my dog obeys me as if it's the command of God. And my wife, he's kind of like, maybe I'll do what you say. So they pick up on that kind of stuff.

- Dogs are very intuitive. I love this idea that I was told early on that they can feel your emotions. I think they actually can sense how we feel, not just by the intonation of our voice, but I hope someday someone will figure out in a non-invasive way, 'cause I don't like the idea of people doing experiments on dogs in an invasive way, kind of like what they're picking up on.

Like for instance, we know that sharks are paying attention to the amount of activity in the lateral line of fish. Fish have these stretches of neurons that they call the lateral line that allows them to school and know the distance to different things and be able to steer around coral.

They feel proximity. It'd be kind of like if you're turning your corner, you go, and they can even recognize specific lateral line signatures. So it'd be like you and Mark Lee walking together through the dark, but maybe people sift around, but you're like, you don't have to look at them, that's Mark.

You kind of learn him intuitively, like a fish can do that. Sharks can sense whether or not the lateral line is, I would say, vibrating but firing at a particular frequency to know, oh, that fish is like a little bit slower than the rest. I mean, hunting animals, just they develop these incredible senses.

And I think humans have some of these kind of senses in a more rudimentary way. We're just not forced to use them unless, of course, you become a hunter of animals or a hunter of humans, and you tap into these neural circuits that are very primitive and hardwired in everybody, but of course they're honed in warriors.

Where I could spiral off into animal biology in ways that truly would take us 26 hours. I don't want to do that. I'm almost hesitant to ask this question, but I'm going to do it anyway. Many times online, you are asked whether or not you will run for office.

And I want to say that I think it's a true compliment. I don't think people are asking just to kind of entertain themselves. I think that this country certainly, and a lot of the world is desperate for certain kinds of leaders and people to have experience in high risk, high consequence, chaotic situations, and have shown prowess at leadership in multiple domains.

And you are certainly one of those individuals. And so they ask for that reason among others. And I've heard you give your answer. You can repeat it again here, but as a more broad theme that I think people are interested in, do you think it's an important criteria or it would be great to see people in positions of leadership who've had wartime experience?

And do you think that some of the shifts that we've seen in terms of patterns of leadership over the last, let's just make it real broad so that this isn't a relate to any particular person or stretch of history, but over the last, let's just say 25 years, reflect the fact that we haven't seen a lot of that, at least at the top tiers of leadership.

- Yeah, I think it'd be excellent if people, if the president had military experience, for sure. I think that then they understand with the way the military works better. They understand that each civilians that control the military, 'cause a lot of times people that are civilians don't understand that the civilians control the military.

And I think that you do get to appreciate what war actually is and what the costs are. I think that, you know, I've seen in the same vein of people asking me to run for political office, I've heard, you know, seen comments saying, oh, that's what we need, a warmonger in office.

And I've responded to a few of those. I think if there's any group of people that don't want war, it's people that have seen it, people that understand what the sacrifices are. And I think that being in the military, people understand that better. So yeah, I think it'd be a great qualification.

I don't think it's mandatory. I mean, clearly it's not. We've had a bunch of presidents that haven't ever served anything. Really, we've had a bunch of presidents that have never served anything but themselves. So yeah, hopefully we'll get some more people that have some experience in the military, some combat experience would be especially nice, and that would be good in my opinion.

- Well, I'm certainly not one to tell people what to do, and I'm certainly not gonna tell you what to do, but should you ever choose to run, I would certainly be very enthusiastic about that. And I will just say that with that stated, I hope people do hear what you just said.

I share that sentiment. People who have led others besides themselves, I think is the key statement there. - Yeah, and look, I have friends that are politicians, and I really appreciate what they're doing, and it looks miserable to me. I don't like what I, good for them. I'm happy that they're in there trying to make a difference.

And I guess this is me being selfish of me saying, look, I don't think I could stomach that. And I also think that right now I'm trying to help out, like for instance, we have, obviously, you've got the leadership consulting at Echelon Front. We're trying to help businesses grow.

I've got Origin USA. We're bringing manufacturing back to America. We've got 100 and 400 and 450 employees right now that are here in America working and growing that business. Obviously, the supplements, so everything that I'm doing here right now is to try and move the needle with America bringing manufacturing back, helping the economy as much as I can right now.

So that's kind of what I'm doing right now. And my standard answer, which you alluded to, is if things got bad enough, then I would do what I had to do. But I don't think people appreciate my level of bad. I'm talking real bad. So it's not there yet, and hopefully it never will get there.

I'd rather surf and hang out with my friends and hang out with my family than do that. And hopefully America can find some level of balance. I think that's the problem that we're having right now. And a lot of these things that you talked about, specifically the thing you talk about with social media is not very good for political balance.

It's actually horrible for political balance, and a lot of it has to do with just the way that those conversations are had. A lot of it has to do with ego as well, because I don't ever want to admit that I'm wrong about anything. And if I can find something that I think you might be wrong about, it's so satisfying to my ego to just call you out on that thing and attack you.

And I think that's what a lot of people are doing right now. Now, that being said, also, I also usually say this as well. I travel around the country all the time. I work with companies of all sizes, work with people in every different industry, and they're not sitting around arguing with each other about the political scenery.

They're talking about, hey, how can we grow our business? How can we take care of our workers? How can we take care of our clients? How can we take care of our customer? That's what people are focused on. And when you jump on social media, you can get sucked into the political scene very easily.

And that being said, also, we do have to pay attention, because we as citizens have to make sure that America stays on the correct path, within the guard rails of what this country is based on. So we do have to pay attention, but I will be doing my part as a civilian until there's total mayhem and chaos in the streets.

Then I'll probably just be a benevolent dictator that takes over. (laughs) - Should be an interesting one, but hey, you would be the man to lead under any conditions. But thank you for stating your threshold. Certainly you've earned the right to make whatever decision is that you feel is right for you.

And I want to say that I agree. I feel like we are a country that still includes a ton of generators and a ton of projectors that are interested in projecting the good and growing the good. I do believe both those phenotypes are important. I also want to just say thank you for being a generator of so much useful knowledge.

In science, we have a saying which is, somebody is an N of one. This is a rare thing to hear about oneself or to hear about somebody, because what it means is that somebody is in a category in which pretty much everything that they do and they say matters and serves a purpose, which is a useful and important building purpose.

And I will look at you and tell you that you are an N of one. You certainly would meet that criteria under any conditions. And it's evident in the many companies that you're running and the leadership that you're doing. And also in your online presence. I mean, that's how I initially came to learn about you.

I'm now fortunate to have two lengthy conversations with you and a few interspersed as well. And I think of myself as a reasonable to perhaps good observer of like how people behave in different domains. And every time you post or every time you speak or every time you go on a podcast or host a podcast, it's clear that not only are you prepared and not only you approaching it with a spirit of of seriousness that it deserves, but sometimes also lightness that it deserves, but there's always an element of give and that you're trying to encourage people to do better for themselves.

So as somebody who's greatly benefited from the knowledge that you've put out there from the very first Tim Ferriss and Joe Rogan episodes to your own podcast, I want to extend a personal thanks. I also want to extend great thanks for coming on here today, talking to a geek scientist who also happens to be a fellow punk rocker because that spirit and the heart that's behind it.

I think some people think it's all about noise and chaos. It's actually about being really true to yourself. That's how I think about the punk rock spirit is really about being true to yourself and realizing that the thing that you like while it might be quite different is actually, if that's you, you have to live in that vein and stick with it.

It certainly served me well and it sounds like it served you well. But mostly I just want to extend an enormous thank you. As a civilian, thank you for the work you did in the military, but also teaching people about the military. I think a lot of people don't realize what it's about at any level and learning about your experience there and what you've observed, bringing other people's experiences from the military more broadly is super important and sharing this and being able to entertain some of my scientific rifts.

So thank you, thank you, thank you. - Well, I appreciate it, I can, it's kind of weird. You say all these nice things to me. I definitely don't deserve them. I'm kind of a regular dude that just kind of showed up, I guess, at the right time and told some stories about some guys that were true heroes and just trying to share my perspective, but it's not just my perspective.

I'm talking about stories that I lived, but there's plenty of people that have done way more than I've ever done and sacrificed infinitely more than I ever sacrificed. So I'm thankful for being here. I know that you put all kinds of information and the same back at you, I have greatly benefited from the information that you put out.

And so I thank you as well and appreciate coming on here and appreciate you spreading the word about how people can be better yourself. So thanks for having me, I appreciate it, man. - I appreciate you and appreciate this time and let's do it again. - Check. - Thank you for joining me for today's discussion with Jocko Willink.

I hope you learned as much as I did in terms of actionable knowledge to use in our everyday lives. If you'd like to learn more about Jocko's work and the various things he's involved in, please check out the Jocko podcast. Please also check out the various links in the show note captions to Jocko's excellent books on leadership, both for adults and for kids, and check out some of the other links that relate to some of his other business ventures.

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And as always, thank you for your interest in science. (upbeat music)