(upbeat music) - Welcome to 2022, into the first episode in our 10th full year on the podcast now. It's amazing, I had no idea we were launching something that would last a decade, but here we are Pastor John. And the year begins with a question over idolatry of all things.

It's a good one too, it's from an anonymous man. Hello Pastor John. What exactly is an idol? Christians use the term all the time, especially in sermons, so I go to my Bible. There I find that idols were statues or figurines, worshipers bending down to quote, "Gods of gold and silver, bronze, iron, wood and stone." That's Daniel 5.4.

Sometimes it seems idols were talisman like items to ward off bad things, trinkets in the form of golden tumors or golden mice. I'm thinking here of 1 Samuel 5, verse six to 1 Samuel 7, verse two. But today's idols are very different. They seem to be desires of the heart for money, sex, power, and things like that.

How did this come to be? Idols used to be carved things, now they are heart obsessions. I don't understand the link between statues and heart idols. In fact, when I look at the Old Testament idols of tumors and mice, I don't really understand those either. Can you explain both forms of idolatry and how they are connected?

Yeah, well, I'll try. Let's start with the definition. I think to cover all the cases, we should probably define an idol, and I think this is a biblical definition, as anything that we come to rely on for some blessing or help or guidance in the place of a wholehearted reliance on the true and living God.

So that's my working definition of idol. So you can see that would cover, for example, a rabbit's foot in your pocket or a picture of a saint hanging on your wall or a relic from some sacred shrine sitting on your mantle or the more forthright images taken from Hindu or Buddhist temples or the golden calf that Aaron made while Moses was on the mountain.

And what makes all of those idols is that we are looking away from a wholehearted reliance upon the true and living God through Jesus Christ, and we are looking at the rabbit's foot or the relic or the picture for some special protection or blessing or guidance or help that we don't think we could get by just looking to God.

Now, our friend who sent this question in is right, I think, that in the Bible, the word idol is uniformly used for an actual object from nature or more often made by human hands. You don't find the word idolatry used to describe excessive love for your wife or your lands or your money or your pocketbook.

And so I think he's right that in the Bible, there's this distinct focus on a man-made object or something from nature rather than just this strong craving and desire for stuff. Now, behind that is correctly the second commandment, you shall not make for yourself a carved image or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above or that is in the earth beneath or that is in the water under the earth, you shall not bow down to them or serve them for the Lord your God is a jealous God.

In other words, God is so jealous for our direct personal dependence on him and reverence for him and adoration of him that he not only disapproves of competing so-called gods represented with idols, but even the creation of idols presuming to represent him, not just false gods being turned into statues, but himself being represented with some man-made object that we look to.

And I think if we ask why, that is why is he so jealous for that kind of direct personal dependence of reverence and adoration, part of the answer is found in Psalm 96, five. It goes like this, this is verse five of Psalm 96. For all the gods of the peoples are worthless idols, but the Lord made the heavens.

In other words, one of the problems with idols is that they contradict the transcendent nature of God as creator. Any representation of God made with human hands leads to the misunderstanding of God's transcendence. It gives the impression, if not the direct assertion, that God is somehow in our power.

We can carve him or paint him or put him in our pocket or on our shelf or carry him on a cart. And so the psalmist says, no, the Lord made the heavens. In other words, he's absolutely transcendent. You can't carve him or control him in any way. Another reason why God is so averse to images, either of so-called gods or of his very self, is found in, I think, Psalm 115, four through eight.

Goes like this, their idols are silver and gold, the work of human hands. They have mouths, but do not speak, eyes, but do not see. They have ears, but do not hear, noses, but do not smell. They have hands, but do not feel, feet, but do not walk. And they do not make a sound in their throat.

And here comes the key verse. Those who make them become like them. So do all who trust in them. In other words, not only do images misrepresent the nature of God, they destroy the nature of man. They turn human beings into mindless, powerless clumps of unspiritual flesh. We become like those statues.

The nothingness of idols turns human beings into nothingness. So now we come to our friend's question. Okay, if that's what the Bible treated as idols, today's idols, he says, are very different. They seem to be desires of the heart, or for money, sex, power, things like that. How did this come to be?

Idols used to be statues, not just heart obsessions. And I say, very good question. How did that come to be? Here's the first thing I would say, namely, that this change of focus in defining idolatry is owing to the fact that we live in the West, in cultures where outright use of images for religious worship is less common than some other cultures.

So the question then arises, well, do these biblical teachings about idolatry have any relevance for those of us who live in cultures where the use of statues, before which people actually bow down and worship, is less common? Is there any relevance to it at all? The answer is yes.

And I don't think the use of the term idolatry to refer to God demeaning love of money, sex, power is a misuse of the term idolatry when one presses in to the essence of what is really going on with an idol in the Bible. Here are a couple of New Testament pointers in that direction to show why I think it's okay to use idolatry the way he says modern people tend to use it.

First, Romans 1, 21 to 23, refers to people who don't have direct knowledge of the gospel, but they do have general revelation in nature so they can know God that way and be held responsible to glorify him and thank him. Here's what it says. For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking and their foolish hearts were darkened.

Claiming to be wise, they became fools and exchanged, this is the key part, and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images, resembling mortal man, birds, animals, creeping things. Now, I think this text points to the essence of the problem beneath the outward display of idolatry, namely, we exchange the glory of God for images.

And the first kind of image that Paul mentions is images resembling man. And I don't think it would be a stretch to say that the foremost image of man that threatens to replace God is the image we see in the mirror. We are lovers of self-exaltation, which threatens continually our love of God exaltation.

I think it's right to call this exchange a form of idolatry. So back to my broad definition, it went like this. Anything that we come to rely on for some blessing or help or guidance in the place of wholehearted reliance on the true and living God, if we come to crave and love and depend upon and trust for a blessing, people's praise, to enhance our self-exaltation or money or power or sex or family or productivity or anything else besides God himself for the greatest blessing and help and guidance and satisfaction, then in essence, we are doing what idolatry has always done.

Let me give you one more passage from 1 John 5, verse 21. It's the very last verse of John's letter. And it says this, "Little children, keep yourselves from idols." Why does John in his letter end that way? He had never even referred to idols in the whole book.

He never referred to idols in his whole gospel. Out of the blue comes this closing sentence with the very word idol that ordinarily means a statue of something that we use to replace God with. Don't give in to idols. Keep yourselves from idols. So why did he end that way?

Here's my closing suggestion. He had said in chapter two, verse 15, "Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For all that is in the world, the desires of the flesh, the desires of the eyes, the pride of life, is not from the Father, but is from the world." Now, John the apostle may have had literal material images in mind when he said, "Keep yourselves from idols." Maybe.

But I think he is also thinking of the more general deadly problem that anything in the world that successfully competes with our love for God is an idol. So keep yourselves from idols. That is, love God and all that he is for us in Christ more than you love anything.

- Very good. Yeah, that's a great definition. An idol is, quote, "Anything that we come to rely on for some blessing or help or guidance in the place of a wholehearted reliance on the true and living God," end quote. That's sharp. Thank you, Pastor John. Thank you for joining us today.

You can ask a question of your own, search our growing archive, or subscribe to the podcast. All at desiringgod.org/askpastorjohn. Well, with the new year, it's a good time to talk about new habits. Specifically, how can God's word abide in me more deeply, more richly, more fully? Don't we all long for that, that God's word would abide in me more richly?

Well, that's what we're gonna talk about next time. I'm your host, Tony Reinke, and we'll see you back here on Wednesday. See you then. (upbeat music) (upbeat music)